水产品中盐酸小檗碱的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立检测水产品中盐酸小檗碱残留量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)方法。样品经酸化甲醇(含体积分数1%甲酸)提取,正己烷脱脂,离心后,用高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪分析。以选择反应监测(SRM)正离子模式分析,定性离子对为336/320和336/292,定量离子对为336/320,盐酸小檗碱质量浓度在1~100 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,线性相关系数为0.999 7,检出限为0.001 mg/kg。样品盐酸小檗碱的添加剂量为5~100μg/kg时,平均加标回收率为81.29%~104.06%,相对标准偏差为2.97%~7.87%,可满足水产品中盐酸小檗碱残留检测和药代动力学的研究需要。     

光合有效辐射遥感产品质量控制与评价

定量遥感产品的质量控制和质量评价是产品生产过程的重要环节,生成的产品质量信息对用户具有重要的参考价值。对于算法较为复杂,涉及诸多输入数据和计算环节的遥感数据产品,质量控制和质量评价是一个难点。本文以一个极轨卫星与静止卫星结合的光合有效辐射(PAR)产品算法为例,分析了定量遥感产品质量控制和质量评价的方法。在确定总体技术框架的基础上,详细描述了数据输入及产品输出质量控制标识体系的建立、质量控制方法实施以及产品质量评价具体方案。光合有效辐射估算需要多源遥感数据和较多空间数据,导致最终产品不确定性的来源较多。本研究通过算法解析、产品的不确定性分析以及建立质量标识体系等方法来确定质量控制方案,从而可以利用质量控制标识追溯到输入数据和每一个中间处理过程的质量或者误差,并最终生成产品的总体质量等级。最后简要介绍了利用地面实测数据和产品质量标识对产品进行质量评价的方法。     

水产品合法性标签制度的法律属性及其立法完善

为促进我国渔业资源和水产品贸易的可持续发展,文章结合国际和国内的相关实践情况,分析我国水产品合法性标签制度的立法现状和存在的不足,尝试解答其中的关键问题即水产品合法性标签制度的法律属性,并就相关立法的完善提出建议。研究结果表明:水产品合法性标签制度是国际社会破解非法、不报告和不管制捕捞难题的重要制度,我国已开展相关实践并推动立法进程;目前我国水产品合法性标签制度的立法现状主要包括发布相关规范性文件和修订渔业法律,但该项制度在法律依据等方面仍存在不足;水产品合法性标签在法律上应被认定为强制标志,该项制度应属于强制性行政确认,且可适用于水产品国内贸易;在我国渔业法律的修订过程中,应通过健全实施程序和明确法律后果,进一步完善水产品合法性标签制度。     

Spatial distribution and the scale effect of influencing factors of specialized and sophisticated enterprises that produce new and unique products in the Yangtze River Delta region: Based on the buffer and MGWR analyses北大核心CSCD

High-quality cultivation of specialized and sophisticated enterprises that produce new and unique products is an important starting point for consolidating the security foundation of China's industrial chain and supply chain. Using buffer zone analysis and the multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model, this study explored the spatial distribution of specialized and sophisticated enterprises that produce new and unique products in the Yangtze River Delta region and influencing factors in 2021. The study found that: 1) Spatially, Shanghai is the main area where specialized and sophisticated enterprises that produce new and unique products are concentrated, followed by provincial capitals and cities on the coast and along rivers; The overall composition of the industry is unbalanced, and the real economic industries such as machinery and equipment manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing account for a relatively high proportion, but there are differences in different regions. 2) In terms of spatial agglomeration, differences between circles and the scale effect are obvious. Within each province, the spatial distribution of specialized and sophisticated enterprises that produce new and unique products in different cities is uneven. Region-wide, the overall spatial distribution pattern of "one pole and multiple cores" is evident. Shanghai is the main agglomeration area for these enterprises, and the provincial capital cities and cities that are the regional economic centers are the secondary agglomeration areas of these enterprises. 3) The four dimensions of influencing factors—physical geography, government, market, and society—have a scale effect on the spatial distribution of specialized and sophisticated enterprises that produce new and unique products. The degree of land development acts at a small scale, which is a local variable, and shows a large difference in the impact on the spatial distribution of these enterprises across the region. Factors such as elevation, government-business relationship, degree of marketization, number and scale of enterprises, degree of openness, logistics development level, and innovation environment are global variables, and except that the degree of marketization and the number of enterprises have a significant negative impact on the spatial distribution of these enterprises, the impact of all other factors is significantly positive. The research results can provide support for the optimization of the layout of new special expertise enterprise space in the Yangtze River Delta region, in order to provide reference for the formulation of new special expertise policies and industrial planning. © 2023, Editorial office of PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY. All rights reserved.     

浅析提高测绘产品质量的途径和方法

随着科技的飞速发展,测量手段和方法日新月异,测绘产品日趋丰富,然而测绘产品质量的良莠不齐制约和影响了测绘技术的发展。本文对测绘产品质量的重要性进行了阐述,简要分析了提高测绘产品质量的途径和方法。     

Comparison of variability and change rate in tropospheric NO2 column obtained from satellite products across China during 1997–2015

ABSTRACT

Tropospheric NO₂ column (TNC) products retrieved from five satellites including GOME/ERS-2 (H, 1997–2002), SCIAMACHY (S, 2003–2011), OMI (O, 2005–2015), GOME-2/METOP_A (A, 2007–2013) and GOME-2/METOP_B (B, 2013–2015) were compared in terms of their spatiotemporal variability and changes over China. The temporal series of H suggested an increasing trend of TNC from 1997 to 2002, those of S, O and A revealed further increasing trends until the highest level of TNC was reached in 2011, but decreasing trends were detected by those of O and B from 2011 to 2015. Seasonally, TNC was the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. Variability and changes from satellite TNC products are also analyzed in different regions of China. Spatially, it was the highest in North China and the lowest in Tibetan Plateau based on five datasets. Overall, TNCs from A, B and S were higher than that from O; and TNC from S was larger than that from A at the country level. The higher TNC the region has, the larger difference satellite products would show. However, different datasets reached a good agreement in the spatial pattern of trends in TNC with highly significant increasing trends detected in North China.     

网络店铺中地域文化商品价值取向的文本挖掘——蔚县剪纸的实证研究

以淘宝网店注册信息及其商品描述文本为数据源,采用文本挖掘方法研究了蔚县剪纸商品的价值取向及区域差异。研究发现:① 商品描述文本的特征词分布具有典型的"长尾曲线"特征;② "长尾"头部高、中频词汇表征出的商品主导价值取向是"中国地方民俗文化为内涵的外事商务礼品";③ "长尾"尾部的大量低频词汇既是对地域文化内涵的表达,也是对主导价值取向的佐证,更是适应消费者个性化需求的结果;④ 店铺集中分布于张家口和北京,前者更关注商品样式风格的描述,后者则偏重工艺特点和文化背景的表征;⑤ 价值取向注重"蔚县"地域文化品牌塑造,但缺少艺人品牌包装。基于互联网文本数据源的地域文化商品价值取向研究为经济、文化地理学提供了新的视角和方法。     

Bioconcentration of triclosan and methyl-triclosan in marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) under laboratory conditions and in metropolitan waters of Gulf St Vincent,South Australia

The anti-microbial agent triclosan (TCS), and its derivative methyl-triclosan (Me-TCS), are discharged with treated effluents from wastewater treatment plants to receiving environments. We investigated the bioconcentration of TCS and Me-TCS in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) exposed to TCS (100 ng L⁻¹) for 30 days in seawater aquaria (19 ± 2 °C) with fresh phytoplankton as a food source. Bioconcentration increased with time reaching a steady-state around 24–30 days. The bioconcentration factor (log BCF) for TCS were 2.81 L kg⁻¹ (dry weight) and 4.13 L kg⁻¹, when lipid normalised concentrations were used. Mussels were also deployed in cages at four marine locations receiving effluents from WWTPs. The mean (±SD) TCS and Me-TCS concentrations for mussels from these sites were 9.87 (±1.34) and 6.99 (±2.44) μg kg⁻¹. The study showed that mussels can be a useful tool for monitoring pollution of TCS and Me-TCS in marine and estuarine environments.     

应力主轴循环旋转条件下饱和砂土的变形特性

采用香港科技大学的空心圆柱扭剪仪对日本标准丰浦砂进行了3个系列、每个系列包含中主应力系数=0.1、0.5和1.0三种不同情况的纯应力主轴循环旋转排水试验。试验过程中控制作用在砂样上的有效主应力的幅值不变,仅应力主轴在0°至180°之间循环旋转。着重分析了纯应力主轴循环旋转条件下饱和砂土的剪切变形特性、体应变的发展规律及中主应力系数的影响。     

中主应力与大主应力方向角对软黏土排水变形特性影响

为研究中主应力系数和大主应力方向角对各向异性软黏土变形特性的影响,利用GDS空心圆柱扭剪仪对温州原状软黏土进行了一系列不同中主应力系数和大主应力方向角的排水定向剪切试验。试验过程中在大主应力方向角和中主应力系数不变的条件下,逐渐增加剪应力直至试样破坏。分析了中主应力系数和大主应力方向角对温州原状土偏应力与大主应变关系、体应变、中主应变和小主应变与大主应变关系的影响。试验结果表明：试样的应力-应变关系在中主应力系数和大主应力方向角不同时表现出明显的各向异性。当中主应力系数为0.00和1.00时,大主应力方向角对应力-应变关系的影响较小;而当中主应力系数为0.50时,应力-应变关系中的割线剪切模量随大主应力方向角变化明显。当大主应力方向角为30°时,随着中主应力系数从0.00增加到0.50,中主应变由压缩状态变为拉伸状态;当大主应力方向角为45°时,随着中主应力系数从0.00增加到1.00,中主应变由压缩状态变为拉伸状态。