钻孔应变差应变耦合系数反演与有关机理的探讨

研究反演分量式钻孔应变差应变耦合系数的方法,采用考虑方位角校正和相位滞后影响两种计算模型,计算结果显示大多数测站采用两种方法反演的耦合系数均比较相近,相位滞后、方位角校正以及拟合残差的结果相对稳定;但是有部分测站的差应变相位滞后偏离较大,从而导致采用两种方法反演的耦合系数差异较大。结合测站周边的构造分布,对可能导致该现象的物理机制进行了探讨。     

地震数据正交投影分解方法的研究与应用

地震记录正交分解是值得研究的重要问题.本文将人工神经网络自组织学习算法引入到地震数据处理中,提出地震数据神经网络正交分解方法.在分解后的特征子空间中进行特征提取来消除相干和随机噪声,提高地震记录的信噪比.研究结果表明,这种实现方法是可行的,因特征滤波或数据压缩一般只需为数不多的主分量,本文的方法可根据滤波需要自适应提取所需主分量,可免去大量无用的计算,因此,本方法可降低滤波的计算成本,参与分解的道数越多效果越明显.最后,给出了对实际资料进行特征滤波的一个应用实例.     

Speckle observations with PISCO in Merate – V. Astrometric measurements of visual binaries in 2006

We present relative astrometric measurements of visual binaries made during the first semester of 2006, with the Pupil Interferometry Speckle camera and COronagraph at the 102-cm Zeiss telescope of the Brera Astronomical Observatory, in Merate. Our sample contains orbital couples as well as binaries whose motion is still uncertain. We obtained 217 new measurements of 194 objects, with angular separations in the range 0.1–4.2 arcsec, and an average accuracy of 0.01 arcsec. The mean error on the position angles is 05. About half of those angles could be determined without the usual 180° ambiguity by the application of triple-correlation techniques. We also present a revised orbit for ADS 277 for which the previously published orbit resulted in a large residual from our measurements.     

Analytic properties of Hansen coefficients

Hansen’s coefficients in the theory of elliptic motion with eccentricity e are studied as functions of the parameter η = (1 − e ²)^1/2. Their analytic behavior in the complex η plane is described and some symmetry relations are derived. In particular, for every Hansen coefficient, multiplication by suitable powers of e and η results in an entire analytic function of η. Consequently, Hansen’s coefficients can be in principle computed by means of rapidly convergent series in powers of η. A representation of Hansen’s coefficients in terms of two entire functions of e ² follows.      

Pseudo-static bearing capacity of shallow foundations on heterogeneous marine deposits using limit equilibrium method

Abstract

By application of the limit equilibrium method associated with Coulomb failure mechanism, the effect of variation of undrained shear strength with depth on seismic bearing capacity was evaluated. The approach followed in this study to take into account seismic forces is pseudo-static. It is also assumed that the occurrence of an earthquake does not have any effects on the values of soil cohesion. Two different marine soil deposits exhibiting linear and bilinear variations of undrained shear strength with depth were considered. The undrained bearing capacity factor has been computed as a function of dimensionless parameters of λ₁B/c₀, λ₂B/c₀, and Z_t/B. The results of this paper have been compared with solutions reported in the literature, and the consistency of the results confirmed the ability of Coulomb failure mechanism and its corresponding limit equilibrium method formulation in static condition. Furthermore, the pseudo-static bearing capacity of shallow foundations on heterogeneous marine deposit is addressed. Finally the results of this study presented in the form of table and design charts.     

乳山震群震源谱参数的稳健反演

本文引入截止频率f_(max)提出基于Brune模型的高频截止(High-Cut)模型,采用两步反演的方法来拟合求解震源谱的特征参数,并给出其误差范围;实际应用显示该模型的理论谱对观测谱有很好的拟合,可明显改善拐角频率识别的准确度.将该方法应用于2013—2015年的乳山震群,计算了乳山震群25次M_L≥3.0事件的震源参数(地震矩、破裂半径、应力降等),进一步对乳山震群的震源破裂特性进行了讨论.结果显示:拐角频率、应力降与震源尺度大小明显相关;高频衰减系数γ与震源破裂区的复杂程度以及破裂性质有关,当观测记录中混杂有其他事件的波形或微破裂时,高频衰减系数大于2,并且不确定性增大;截止频率f_(max)与地震大小存在一定相关性;使用Beresnev(2001)给出的震源半径计算公式,得到的乳山震群的结果显示与华北地区的经验关系较为一致;乳山震群的应力降明显偏小(最大不超过0.15 MPa),一方面反映了震中区域的构造应力水平,另一方面可能还意味着此次震群是一个相对非耗散型的脆性破裂过程,属于低摩擦应力的断层作用.     

基于岭参数的谱修正迭代法及其在有理多项式参数求解中的应用

通过比较基于L-曲线法求取岭参数的岭估计法与谱修正迭代法,分析了两种方法的特性,为选择合适的方法进行病态方程求解作参考。针对谱修正迭代法收敛慢、效率低这一缺点,提出了一种利用狭义岭估计中的岭参数(或广义岭估计的岭参数对角矩阵)进行谱修正,改进谱修正迭代法的方法。利用模拟算例对改进的方法进行实验,在不同噪声情况下,改进方法效率有不同程度的提高。把改进方法应用到SPOT影像RPC求解中,发现改进的方法在应用中具有一定的优势。     

基于极化相干最优与极化总功率的Wishart-H/Alpha分类

Wishart-H/Alpha法进行聚类可以实现复杂场景的高精度分类。然而在聚类的过程中,由于各类中心所对应的散射机理发生了混淆,使得不透水层代表之一的水泥路面与裸露土壤发生了混淆,这对实际应用不利。提出了利用最优相干系数与极化总功率系数构成的二维直方图空间进行阈值分割,将Wishart-H/Al-pha分类方法中混淆的水泥道路与裸露土壤重新分离出来,并通过国内机载X波段双天线极化干涉实验,验证了本方法的有效性。     

利用时序DInSAR监测填海造陆地区地表沉降

通过研究时序DInSAR相位模型,利用振幅离差、时间相干系数和统计分析多重方法提取了相干点目标,并根据不同相位分量的时空特性分离出形变相位,继而提取出相干点目标上的沉降速率。以上海市临港新城主城区为实验区,利用24景Envisat ASAR影像,得到了2007-10～2010-02间的沉降速率分布,并分析了冲填土年代对沉降的影响。     

用变分方法估算淮河流域总体输送系数

利用2001年6～7月间在安徽肥西的边界层观测资料,利用变分方法计算地面动量通量和感热通量,进而分别估算该处动量总体输送系数和感热总体输送系数。用变分方法计算的地面粗糙度为0.03m。在中性条件下,10m高处平均动量总体输送系数和感热总体输送系数分别为4.83×10-3和3.81×10-3,比值是1.27。总体输送系数具有明显的日变化特征,中午时段最大,夜晚最小;总体输送系数与大气稳定度存在明显关联,文中给出它们之间的拟合关系式;随着高度的增加总体输送系数减少,但减少幅度逐渐变小。