4D一体化多媒体电子地图集理论方法和技术研究与开发--以《云南省生态环境多媒体电子地图集》为例

本文首先研究了4D数据一体化多媒体电子地图集的理论和信息机理,包括4D数据在电子地图集中的集成、融合和应用的信息机理,多源多类信息交互认知和传输机理,4D信息的查询、分析、模拟、调控和表达的信息机理,以及4D数据一体化电子地图集的理论框架。其次,文章深入研究和解决了建立4D一体化多媒体电子地图集过程中的诸多技术方法问题,例如多源多类数据的集成和融合、基于主导数据库的多重表达、多媒体地图动画、基于4D数据的信息分析和量算、生态环境信息动态仿真和虚拟表达等。在论文第三部分,文章介绍了作者研发的《云南省生态环境多媒体电子地图集》成果,包括其结构、功能、内容、超媒体链接等方面的设计,查询功能和分析量算功能的开发,以及本电子地图集的分析应用成果。     

Demographic Transition: Threat to Developing Nations

Abstract

As computers become commonplace in the nation's schools, interactive maps are finding their way into the geography classroom. Students can use electronic atlases to access information as well as use authoring software to produce their own interactive maps. Does this change in media correspond to better geography education for our children? This article addresses whether using interactive maps for gathering and presenting information can have a positive influence on learning geography content. A two-week experiment was conducted in five 7th grade classrooms. Students in four of the classes researched and produced map products using both traditional and computer-assisted techniques. The fifth class was a control group. A pretest and two post-tests were given to quantitatively assess student learning after each project. Also, students were given a qualitative questionnaire to determine their attitude towards the different techniques. Quantitative results of the study indicate that there was no significant difference in student post-test performance after using each of the techniques, but qualitative results suggest that students prefer using the computer techniques over the traditional methods for gathering and presenting information.     

Formation of an Interactive User-Oriented Forecasting System: Experience from Hydrological Application in Linyi, Eastern China

Having provided an overview of the ideas of developing user-oriented interactive forecast system (UIFS) emerging in recent years,the authors proposed an idealized framework of the new-generation meteorological system,which includes the initial user-end module for configuring the forecast target,the physical predictive and downscaling components,and an incessant assessing module in association with decision-making at the user-end.A case study was carried out with a focus on applying the TIGGE (THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble;THORPEX stands for The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment) precipitation forecasts for the hydrological users in Linyi,a region richest in rivers and reservoirs in eastern China.The preliminary results exhibited great potential of improvement in applications of weather forecasts by combining the user-end information.Although the TIGGE results provided by existing national/international operating models were independent from the user-end,the case study enlightened ways of establishing an iteratively self-improving UIFS involving user-orientation throughout the forecast process.     

基于交互式分割技术和决策级融合的SAR图像变化检测

为免去去除斑点噪声的预处理操作及克服选择分布模型的限制,本文结合差异图的特点和一种不涉及分布模型的交互式分割方法,产生不同“种子点”下的变化检测结果后,再利用投票策略对其进行决策级的融合给出最终的变化检测结果。分割中,将每个像素的特征设为差异图及由静态小波变换分解差异图再丢弃高频系数后重构得到的各层表示中,其对应位置上的灰度值构成的矢量。此特征及决策级融合的策略使本文的变化检测技术对SAR图像中的斑点噪声具有一定的鲁棒性。在无需对SAR图像做预处理的情况下,对真实SAR图像数据集的变化检测结果,其效果优于其他相关技术的。     

“摄影与航空摄影”课程互动式教学模式的研究

互动式教学模式以培养学生学习的自主意识和创新能力为目标,既发挥教师的主导作用,又充分体现学生的认知主体作用。摄影与航空摄影是遥感科学与技术专业的专业基础课程,本文提出了针对该课程的互动式教学模式,并进行了课堂教学实践,总结了该模式的创新点和应用价值。     

城市多媒体电子地图系统的研制与开发

城市多媒体电子地图系统的建立,可为政府机构、公司企业及社会公众提供信息丰富、图文并茂的可视化的信息服务平台,对城市的招商引资、城市旅游、企业宣传等均起到积极的作用。以吉林市多媒体电子地图系统的研制与开发为例,详细探讨了有关城市多媒体电子地图系统的研制与开发思路.     

都市区空间结构与经济发展的互动关系研究

文章采用结构方程模型实证检验空间结构与经济发展的互动关系。研究发现,中国都市区已经进入多中心分散阶段,空间结构与经济发展存在因果关系,即经济发展水平的提高会扩大人口规模,规模增加则导致集聚不经济上升,并促进空间结构多中心化。多中心化后的空间结构由于降低了集聚不经济而进一步提高生产率。因而,传统地理学中关于两者互动发展的描述得到实证支持;同时明确了多中心化的直接动力是人口规模的增加,而不是经济发展水平的提高。这些发现对于优化当前中国的城市与区域空间战略具有重要的启示。     

浙江省城市化与生态环境协调度及其胁迫关系探讨

运用交互胁迫、耦合协调模型,结合主观均方差分析法和客观结构熵值法确定指标权重,通过建立指标体系研究2000-2014年浙江省生态环境和城市化的交互胁迫关系和协调类型.结果表明:浙江省生态环境和城市化之间存在交互胁迫关系,演变状态符合双指数函数;前者对后者有显著的约束作用,后者对前者有显著的胁迫作用.对城市化综合水平影响程度大小依次为经济、社会与人口城市化,对生态环境综合水平影响程度大小依次为生态环境压力、状态与响应.2000-2014年浙江省综合协调耦合类型分为磨合协调阶段(2000-2003年)、基本协调阶段(2003-2005年)、拮抗协调阶段(2005-2010年)和良好协调阶段(2010-2014)4个阶段.     

Predicting the visualization intensity for interactive spatio-temporal visual analytics: a data-driven view-dependent approach

The continually increasing size of geospatial data sets poses a computational challenge when conducting interactive visual analytics using conventional desktop-based visualization tools. In recent decades, improvements in parallel visualization using state-of-the-art computing techniques have significantly enhanced our capacity to analyse massive geospatial data sets. However, only a few strategies have been developed to maximize the utilization of parallel computing resources to support interactive visualization. In particular, an efficient visualization intensity prediction component is lacking from most existing parallel visualization frameworks. In this study, we propose a data-driven view-dependent visualization intensity prediction method, which can dynamically predict the visualization intensity based on the distribution patterns of spatio-temporal data. The predicted results are used to schedule the allocation of visualization tasks. We integrated this strategy with a parallel visualization system deployed in a compute unified device architecture (CUDA)-enabled graphical processing units (GPUs) cloud. To evaluate the flexibility of this strategy, we performed experiments using dust storm data sets produced from a regional climate model. The results of the experiments showed that the proposed method yields stable and accurate prediction results with acceptable computational overheads under different types of interactive visualization operations. The results also showed that our strategy improves the overall visualization efficiency by incorporating intensity-based scheduling.     

面向对象的多媒体空间数据库系统设计

给出了一个多媒体空间数据模型,采用面向对象的技术将多媒体数据与空间数据有机地集成一体,具有数据管理方便和数据操作高效的特点,并给出了基于模型的系统的实现过程