区域河流水质的模糊聚类分析

水作为地表物质迁移的一种溶剂与媒介,尤如人体的“血液”一样,穿行于岩石、土壤与各种生物体之间。一个特定区域范围内的河流水质,不仅受自然因素的控制,而且也受人类社会经济活动的影响。因此,一个区域河流水质的变化过程,就是该区域自然环境特     

天文光干涉与综合孔径技术的发展

本文简单介绍了光干涉与综合孔径技术发展的历史、国际上用于天文观测的一些著名光干涉仪的技术特点和进展、以及近年来我国开展的与光干涉 ,综合孔径技术有关的工作 ,最后简要介绍了在光学综合孔径技术领域所发展的光纤与集成光学等新技术     

用SAVQ技术实现太阳射电频谱的数据压缩

对自适应矢量量化（SAVQ）技术在太阳射电频谱数据压缩中的应用进行了有意义的讨论．给出一种压缩比和失真可调的SAVQ压缩方法,指出提高数据压缩比的有效方法之一为样本集成,同时介绍了用该技术对北京天文台太阳射电频谱仪上的两个波段（1．0GHz－2．0GHz和2．6GHz－3．8GHz）的观测数据进行压缩的实用效果,并与国际同行所用的ICON方式进行性能比较．最后展示了数据压缩技术及其在天文上的应用．     

城市地下空间开发利用容量评估的基础研究

该文探讨了城市地下空间开发利用容量评估的必要性,容量评估研究的基本内容及其关键技术。指出当前城市地下空间容量评估基础研究包括指标体系、评估模型、评估平台与评估示范四方面。城市地下空间容量评估研究不仅有利于城市地下空间的合理利用和有序开发,也有利于引导城市地面设施的合理布局与科学规划,对保障现代城市的可持续发展具有重要意义。     

Estimating Petroleum Resources Using Geo-Anchored Method--A Sensitivity Study

The Geo-anchored method, based on a moment-type estimator, has been developed for estimating parent population properties from a successive sample of discoveries. By substituting the expectation of the waiting time z _(n+1) of the (n + 1) ^th discovery to occurrence for an unknown parameter in the anchored method, the Geo-anchored method allows estimation of inclusion probabilities directly from observed data, thus eliminating the need for a priori selection of a value of N, R, or some other feature of the parent population. Because direct estimation of N and R requires an ordered sample, the Geo-anchored method is more sensitive to the data-generating process than the anchored method. This paper presents a sensitivity study on the Geo-anchored method. The test is based on simulated discovery sequences with different assumptions regarding discovery efficiency, exploration maturity, and the shape of the parent field size distribution. As a reference for comparison, estimates from the Horvitz–Thompson estimator also are presented.     

A Proposal for Assessment in Geography Education

Abstract

The geographic skills, as outlined in Geography for Life, provide an avenue for assessing students' work in geography. If used across the scope and sequence of the curriculum, a common scoring guide based on these skills offers opportunities for students to demonstrate their ability to use inquiry approaches to study geography and to improve those abilities over time and over different geographic questions. If used consistently, a geographic skills scoring guide can also help to communicate to a broader audience of parents, administration, and the public as to what the discipline of geography encompasses.     

代表性人口空间分布数据集的精度评价——以2010年广东省为例

以人口密度差异显著的广东省为研究区,比较Worldpop、GPW v4和2种中国公里网格人口分布数据集的空间分布一致性,并以第六次全国人口普查数据为真值,按人口密度分为高、中、低3组,从误差的数值分布和空间分布两方面定量评价4种数据集的精度,最后讨论估算误差的可能来源及数据适用性。结果表明,4种网格人口数据集中Worldpop整体精度最高,且在人口密集区的精度也是最高;GPW v4在低人口密度和中人口密度区域精度略高于Worldpop,但对镇街内人口分布细节刻画不够详细;2种中国公里网格人口分布数据集精度较前两者低,主要受空间化方法和模型变量的选择所限制。Worldpop适合用于人口密度中等及人口密度高区域的精细化研究,GPW v4适合用于长时序、最小研究单元大于镇街的研究,第一种中国公里网格人口分布数据集适合用于需要考虑镇街内人口分布和空间异质性的研究,第二种中国公里网格人口分布数据集适用于需要考虑人口分布细节和空间格局变化的长时序研究。     

海洋经济可持续发展评价指标体系探讨

在讨论比较相关研究成果的基础上,从海洋经济可持续发展的内涵出发,建立海洋经济可持续发展能力的概念模型,探讨海洋经济可持续发展评价指标体系的特征,构建海洋经济可持续发展评价指标体系的基本框架,并对辽宁省海洋经济可持续发展进行实例应用研究,提出今后需要继续深入研究的问题.应用结果表明:构建的海洋经济可持续发展评价指标体系能够有效地反映海洋经济可持续发展的特征与演变轨迹,具有一定的有效性和实用性.     

中国沿海地区近20年台风灾害风险评价

依据自然灾害系统理论,综合考虑致灾因子和承灾体特征,提出台风灾害风险评价方法。在GIS环境下对中国沿海地区台风灾害危险性、脆弱性和风险进行分析评价。评价结果显示:海南省、上海市和广东省、福建省、浙江省的沿海区域台风灾害危险性较高;北京市、天津市、上海市和江苏省、山东省的大部分地区及广东省、福建省、浙江省、河北省的沿海区域承灾体脆弱性较高;海南省、上海市和广东省、福建省、浙江省的沿海区域台风灾害风险较高;而北京市、天津市以及河北省、辽宁省和山东省的大部分区域台风灾害风险较低。     

Protecting Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) by Industrial Integration Development (IID): Practices from China

With Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) increasing in number around the world, their conservation has become a new international research theme. From the perspective of combining theoretical analyses and practical case applications, this study examines the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) conservation pathways and operation mechanisms through industrial integration development (IID). First, the theoretical framework of IID in IAHS sites was constructed according to the requirements of IAHS conservation, which include analyses of the connotation and basic principles of IID, the necessity of IID for IAHS sites, the resource conditions, and the IID pathways. And then based on the theoretical framework, the IID of Longji Terraces in Guangxi, Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System in Yunnan (HHRTS), Aohan Dryland Farming System in Inner Mongolia (ADFS), and Huzhou Mulberry-dyke & Fish-pond System (HMFS) in Zhejiang are analyzed systematically. The main finding is that IID is an effective pathway for IAHS conservation. However, the IID in IAHS sites must stress the ecological and cultural values of the resources; IID should be based on local resource advantages; and IID should attach importance to the combination of different policies and coordination between different stakeholders.