Prediction of sediment yield by coupling Kalman filter with instantaneous unit sediment graph

An instantaneous unit sediment graph (IUSG) model in conjunction with Kalman filter was investigated for prediction of sediment yield from an upland watershed in Northwestern Mississippi. The state vector of the watershed sediment yield system was constituted by the IUSG and then the sediment yield was estimated by the IUSG model using Kalman filter. The initial values of the state vector were assumed as the average of the IUSG values and the initial sediment yield estimated from the average IUSG. The IUSG model using Kalman filter with a recursive algorithm accurately predicted sediment yield from watershed W‐5, Mississippi. The filter allowed the IUSG to vary in time, increased the accuracy of the IUSG model, and reduced physical uncertainty of the sediment yield process in the watershed. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

济阳坳陷陈家庄凸起东南坡古冲沟沉积充填特征

利用最新的三维地震和钻井、测井等资料,对济阳坳陷陈家庄凸起东南坡古冲沟的地质特征和沉积充填特征进行了探索性研究。边界大断层——陈南断裂的活动控制冲沟的形成。边界断层活动初期,冲沟内充填有近源快速堆积的冲积扇扇根的粗碎屑砂体。断陷的扩张深陷期,靠近冲沟的底壁和测壁为稍长反射段的杂乱地震相,为扇三角洲根部较粗的砂质碎屑。湖盆收缩或萎缩期,冲沟内部发育有极强振幅、平行、高连续的反射相,冲沟的充填相与东营凹陷的河流一三角洲淤浅沉积相吻合,构成一个完整的沉积体系。在对古冲沟的地质特征和沉积充填特征进行研究的基础之上,对古冲沟的油气储集性能进行了概要评价,认为冲沟内由同沉积断层的逆牵引作用所形成的逆牵引背斜与冲沟内常见的前积相反射砂体和深湖相泥页岩相配置,可能构成有利的油气聚集部位。     

A review of the wave gradiometry method for seismic imaging

As dense seismic arrays at different scales are deployed, the techniques to make full use of array data with low computing cost become increasingly needed. The wave gradiometry method(WGM) is a new branch in seismic tomography, which utilizes the spatial gradients of the wavefield to determine the phase velocity, wave propagation direction, geometrical spreading, and radiation pattern. Seismic wave propagation parameters obtained using the WGM can be further applied to invert 3D velocity models,...     

利用数字化速度记录仿真加速度时程与合成场地设计地震波

研究利用测震台网数字化宽频带速度型记录仿真加速度时程,并通过提取其相位信息和拟合场地设计反应谱(目标谱)的方法来获得场地设计地震波的有关技术途径与应用实例,所提供的具体算式采用便于编程和利用快速傅氏变换(FFT)技术进行计算的离散化傅氏正逆变换的复数表达式。有关研究结果可拓宽现有地震观测资料的使用价值,减少地面运动模拟中人造地震波与原始地震记录存在的差异,并可使所合成的设计地震波满足给定的目标谱,且能较好地反映其非平稳性特征,因此在地震工程中具有实际的应用价值。     

GPS软件接收机捕获算法的研究

为了提高GPS软件接收机信号捕获的速度,提出了一种GPS卫星C/A码信号捕获的新方法(这种方法具有Gold码的性质)。并证明了多颗卫星信号的相关性可以在同一次相关性计算过程中同时处理完成,在一次捕获卫星信号过程中可同时捕获多颗卫星信号。     

可控震源非线性扫描地震响应的数值模拟

讨论了几种非线性扫描信号自相关函数的旁瓣特性.对可控震源非线性扫描的地震响应进行了数值模拟.当震源扫描持续时间是检波器接收时间的一半时,相关运算把反射扫描信号压缩成脉冲信号的效果是显著的.有限度地增加震源扫描持续时间以及与之相适应的接收时间可以使反射扫描信号得到进一步的压缩,但在固定扫描与接收时间的条件下,增加采样点个数对反射扫描信号的压缩并不起作用.采用具有低频相关子波特性的非线性扫描震源信号,将有利于相关噪声的消除.模拟结果还证实了二次扫描在某些特定条件下会出现鞍点效应这样一个事实.     

Direct incorporation of paraffin wax as phase change material into mass concrete for temperature control:mechanical and thermal properties

Taking advantage of heat absorbing and releasing capability of phase change material (PCM),Paraffin wax-based concrete was prepared to assess its automatic temperature control performance.The mechanical properties of PCM concrete with eight different Paraffin wax contents were tested by the cube compression test and four-point bending test.The more Paraffin wax incorporated,the greater loss of the compressive strength and bending strength.Based on the mechanical results,four contents of Paraffin wax were chosen for studying PCM concrete's thermal properties,including thermal conductivity,thermal diffusivity,specific heat capacity,thermal expansion coefficient and adiabatic temperature rise.When the Paraffin wax content increases from 10% to 20%,the thermal conductivity and the thermal diffusivity decrease from 7.31 kJ/(m·h·℃) to 7.10 kJ/(m·h·℃) and from 3.03×10~(-3)m~2/h to 2.44×10~(-3)m~2/h,respectively.Meanwhile the spe‐cific heat capacity and thermal expansion coefficient rise from 5.38×10~(-1)kJ/(kg·℃) to 5.76×10~(-1)kJ/(kg·℃) and from9.63×10~(-6)/℃ to 14.02×10~(-6)/℃,respectively.The adiabatic temperature rise is found to decrease with an increasing Paraffin wax content.Considering both the mechanical and thermal properties,15%of Paraffin wax was elected for the mass con‐crete model test,and the model test results confirm the effect of Paraffin wax in automatic mass concrete temperature control.     

Research on percolation model and criticality of seismicity

IntroductionEarthquakepredictionisamainobjectiveintraditionalseismicitystUdy,whichistoattempttofindsomecriterionofprecursoryearthquakeactivitybycomparingdifferentpatternsofseismicityinhopesofpredictingoccurrenceofamajorshock.Theresultisoftendisappointing.Preearthquakeactivitiescandiffergreatlyforimpendingearthquake,althoughalltheruptureprocessesoflargeearthquakesareessentiallythesameasfarasweknowsofar.Asalreadydiscussedintheresultofresearchonseismicityevolution(Gu,Sun,1992),theself-enlargeme…     

Research on propagation properties of elastic waves in two-phase anisotropic media

IntroductionItiswellknownthatanisotropylieswidelyintheundergroundmedia.Anisotropicmediawhicharemetintheseismicengineeringandseismicexplorationofenergyaremainlycausedbytheperiodicthinlayers(PTL)andextensivedilatancyanisotropy(EDA).Insuchmedia,anisotropyleadstomorecomplicatepropagationofseismicwave,thesignificantfeatureinanisotropicmediaisvelocityanisotropy.Infact,undergroundstrataareverycomplicated,whichareusuallycomposedofsolidframeandfluid(suchasoil,gasesorwater)inpores.Inordertostudyseism…     

大庆台网记录地震震相滞后问题的研究

本文主要分析了大庆台网记录地震Ｐｇ震相滞后的现象,探讨大庆台网Ｐｇ震相的滞后程度及引起震相滞后的原因。