基于空间句法的游憩地客流量分析——以长沙市为例

休闲农庄拥有充足客流量是其生存和发展的根本,对影响因素与客流量的关系进行量化,能够为休闲农庄的发展规划、经营决策、选址和集群化发展提供数据支持。针对现有研究采用定性的方法探讨休闲农庄规划及管理中存在的问题,该文通过专家访谈法获取影响农庄客流量的两个关键因素为特色和交通,基于空间句法和GIS集成分析长沙市空间形态特征;通过集成度量化星级休闲农庄的交通条件,分析其与农庄的客流量的关系,并结合其他影响因素对农庄的持续发展提出优化措施。结果表明:休闲农庄的集成度与因交通而产生的客流量具有相关关系,集成度越高,客流量越大;结合空间句法分析结果和休闲农庄的经营数据进行综合分析,可发现城市各星级休闲农庄的优劣势,以引导其健康快速发展。     

渤海莱州湾夏季悬浮体的分布和运移(英文)

本文以1985年夏季中法SCO—PSU联合黄河口调查第二航次所取的渤海莱州湾水深大于10米区域的悬浮体资料,研究了莱州湾内悬浮体的分布和运移规律,并讨论了它们与诸如黄河径流、潮流、环流、风和浪等动力因素之间的关系。     

Distribution pattern of marine flagellate and its controlling factors in the central and north part of the Huanghai Sea in early summer

Abstract-A survey was carried out in the central and north part of the Huanghai Sea (34.5°～37.0°N, 120.5°～124.0°E) during June 12～27, 2000. It was found that the abundance of marineflagellate ranged from 45 to 1278 cell/ml, 479 cell/ml in average. Flagellate was more abundant in thecentral part than in the north part of Huanghai Sea, and the abundance decreased with the increasingdistance from the coast, showing a similar distribution pattern with isotherm. Vertically, high densityof flagellate was always presented in the bottom of thermocline, and formed a dense accumulation in thecentral area of the Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass. The effects of physical and biological factors on thedistribution of marine flagellate in early summer were discussed. Water temperature (especially the ex-istence of thermocline) rather than salinity showed significant effect on the distribution pattern of marineflagellate in the Huanghai Sea in early summer. When comparing the abundance of marine flagellatewith that o     

南方鲇的排粪量及消化率同日粮水平、体重和温度的关系

于１９８８年２月－１９８９年２月测定了南方鲇幼鱼的排粪量，从而估算共消化率。结果表明，当水温为２５℃时，在日粮水平分别是体重的１％，２％，４％和达饱食的条件下，平均消化率分别为摄入食物能量的８０．３２％，８４．９４％，８８．４０％ｔ ８７．２７％；在平均初始体重分别为８．７２，２５．４３，４５．１６，７８．１８和１２７．５ｇ的实验组中，平均消化率分别为８６．５９％，８１．１５％，９０．３８％，８６     

渤海湾海域硝化、亚硝化细菌的生态研究

于2004年8月和10月对渤海湾海域进行了两次硝化菌群的生态学调查。结果显示,在渤海湾水体中,8月份硝化细菌的数量在(1.6~300)×104个/L之间,10月份硝化细菌的数量在(0.5~30)×104个/L之间;8月份亚硝化细菌的数量在(1.1~160)×104个/L之间,10月份亚硝化细菌的数量在(0.5~30)×104个/L之间。8月份硝化细菌与磷酸盐有高度明显的相关性(0.01水平),与氨氮、水温、溶氧量都有较明显的相关性(0.05水平);10月份细菌数仅与溶氧量有较明显的相关性(0.05水平)。8月份亚硝化细菌数与各环境因子相关性不明显;10月份亚硝化细菌数与磷酸盐、pH值及溶氧量的相关性都是在0.01水平上;而且与亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、氨氮有明显的相关性,都在0.05水平上。     

The Gambia River estuary: A reference point for estuarine fish assemblages studies in West Africa

The Gambia River is one of the last aquatic ecosystems in West Africa that has not yet been affected by strong environmental changes and human disturbances. In contrast to the neighbouring Casamance and Sine Saloum estuaries, the Gambia estuary is free of major climatic perturbation and remains a “normal” estuary, with a salinity range from freshwater to 39. The present paper aims to study the spatial and seasonal variability of fish assemblages in this estuary in terms of bio-ecological categories and of their relation with some environmental variables. Four surveys were conducted, from June 2001 to April 2002, in order to cover the major hydroclimatic events, at 44 sampling sites along the lower, intermediate and upper zones of the Gambia estuary (up to 220 km). Fish assemblages were sampled using a purse seine net, fish were identified to species level and environmental variables such as water depth, transparency, salinity, temperature and percentage oxygen saturation were measured. The main spatial structure of the fish assemblages and its seasonal changes were first studied using the STATIS-CoA multitable method. The combination of fish assemblages and environmental variables was then analysed using the STATICO method, designed for the simultaneous analysis of paired ecological tables. A total of 67 species were observed, belonging to all bio-ecological categories characterizing West African estuaries. The marine component of the community was largely dominant throughout the estuary, while the freshwater component was permanently observed only in the upstream zone. The main spatial structure was a longitudinal gradient contrasting marine and freshwater affinity assemblages, with strong seasonal variations. The most complete gradient was observed in December, at the beginning of the dry and cool season, while in June, at the end of the dry and warm season, there was the least structured gradient. The role of salinity, always correlated with temperature, was emphasized, while turbidity appeared to be another important factor. Oxygen and depth did not play a major role at the estuary scale. The relative importance of the bio-ecological categories varied according to the season and the distance to sea. Stable fish assemblages were observed in the lower zone at the end of the dry season, in the upper zone during the flood and in the middle zone throughout the year. In some situations, a relative inadequacy between fish assemblages and their environment was noticed. The present study contributes to the definition of the functioning of a “normal” West African estuary, the Gambia estuary, with balanced effects of marine and freshwater influences and the presence of all bio-ecological categories. The Gambia estuary can therefore be considered to be a reference ecosystem for further comparisons with other tropical estuarine ecosystems, subjected to natural or artificial perturbations.     

岸式波力发电装置水动力性能试验研究

通过模型试验研究,得到海岸岸坡、气室宽度与频率响应和吸能效率之间的关系和规律,验证了一种理论计算方法的可靠性,证明该计算方法对波能电站的设计和工程选址有一定的参考价值。     

山东省大中型水库浮游生物研究──Ⅲ、浮游植物与环境因子的关系

报道１９８９年山东省３０多个大中型代表水库浮游植物总生物量（ＴＢ）、微型浮游植物生物量（ｎａｎＢ）和各类主要浮游植物与８种理化因子的相关关系。结果表明，与浮游植物生物量相关的较为重要的理化因子依次是总磷（ＴＰ）、化学耗氧量（ＣＯＤ）、硬度（Ｈ）、透明度（ＳＤ）和深度（Ｚ）．总体上，ＴＰ、ＣＯＤ和Ｈ与浮游植物生物量呈正相关，而ＳＤ和Ｚ则呈负相关．各种理化因子与ＴＢ的关系和与ｎａｎＢ的趋于一致；与各主要藻类的关系主要是隐、裸藻类，其次是绿藻和硅藻与各理化因子相关性较大．重要理化因子与各主要藻类的关系也同对ＴＢ的相似，只是硅藻生物量百分比与ＳＤ呈极显著的正相关关系。