INTERSTATE HIGHWAY EXIT MORPHOLOGY: NON-METROPOLITAN EXIT COMMERCE ON 1-75*

The commercial non-metropolitan exit clusters of America's interstate highway system exhibit regularities of basic form, scale, mix of services provided, and the ordinal placement of establishments relative to the exit proper. An examination of 354 exits serving 1-75 indicates the typical morphology of interstate exit clusters.     

Seismic amplifications from offshore to shore

The objective of this study is to determine numerical estimations of seismic amplifications of waves traveling from offshore to shore considering the effect of sea floor configurations. According to the Boundary Element Method, boundary elements were used to irradiate waves and density force can be determined for each element. From this hypothesis, Huygens’ Principle is implemented since diffracted waves are constructed at the boundary from which they are radiated and this is equivalent to Somigliana's theorem. Application of boundary conditions leads to determine a system of integral equations of Fredholm type of second kind, which is solved by the Gaussian method. Various numerical models were analyzed, a first one was used to validate the proposed formulation and some other models were used to show various ideal sea floor configurations to estimate seismic amplifications. Once the formulation was validated, basic slope configurations were studied for estimating spectra of seismic amplifications for various sea floor materials. In general terms, compressional waves (P-waves) can produce seismic amplifications of the incident wave in the order of 2–5. On the other hand, distortional waves (S-waves) can produce amplifications up to 5.5 times the incident wave. A relevant finding is that the highest seismic amplifications due to an offshore earthquake are always located near the shore-line and not offshore despite the seafloor configuration.     

港口及临港工业围填海规模综合评价研究

针对港口及临港工业围填海的特点,运用多目标决策理论与方法,构建了港口及临港工业围填海规模评价指标体系,包括现状评定和综合影响两类评价因子,包含自然条件、社会经济条件、资源环境影响、效益评估四类评价要素,共计15个评价指标。并根据成本型、效益型和固定型指标的特点提出了各自的标准化方法,采用主客观综合赋权法确定评价因子的权重,采用线性加权和法计算港口及临港工业围填海规模方案的综合得分,以此为依据确定围填海规模的适宜程度和适宜等级。以江苏辐射沙洲半岛式浅滩腰沙为例,运用港口及临港工业围填海规模综合评价方法,确定腰沙海域最佳的港口及临港工业围填海规模为理论基面+3.0 m。提出的研究方法能够为沿海省市港口及临港工业围填海规模评价提供参考和方法借鉴,对于围填海规模决策和围填海总量控制指标的制定具有重要意义。     

经济空间场与ESDA结合的公共卫生事件应急策略制定

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情引起了人们对国家公共卫生事件应对能力的广泛关注。基于波及效应梯度场提出了生产诱发梯度,进一步完善了经济空间场理论,并将其与探索性空间数据分析(exploratory spatial data analysis,ESDA)相结合,对医药制造业波及效应及空间布局进行了研究,制定了有效的公共卫生事件应急策略。经济空间场理论分析结果揭示了产业经济空间中医药制造业与各产业部门之间的波及效应,并由此得到了医药密切相关产业。同时,经济空间场理论与ESDA方法的结合能在区分中国大陆各省空间聚集类型的基础上,评估各省公共卫生事件的应对能力,从而为各省提出相应的应急策略和医药制造业发展建议。该方法综合考虑了产业波及效应和产业空间布局现状,不仅能够促进各省医药制造业的健康合理发展,也有助于增强各省突发公共卫生事件的应对能力。     

国外商业绅士化研究进展及其对本土研究的启示

商业是城市中最活跃,并且对城市发展和空间重构产生重要影响的功能之一。近20年来,随着产业转型与城市更新实践,日益突出的商业绅士化现象愈发引起国外学术界关注。同时,多源数据和定量分析方法的利用,促进了商业绅士化专题研究逐渐增多。商业绅士化的发生背景、表现特征、推动主体与形成机制,以及商业绅士化导致阶层置换、加深种族隔离等社会空间效应是主要的研究内容。通过对国外商业绅士化研究文献的梳理,以期展示城市商业高档化重构的机理以及绅士化演进的复杂性。基于当前我国城市转型和消费转型的特征与趋势,尝试提出对商业绅士化本土研究方向和方法的启示。     

Education for development, CD for Peace: Producing the “globally competitive” child

This paper is set against the backdrop of an increasingly pervasive discursive coupling of peace with development, and of extremism with underdevelopment. An evolving knowledge economy discourse casts education as both a key determinant of economic development, and as a crucial tool in the battle for “hearts and minds” in a global war against terrorism and extremism. Education for development, and education as anti-extremism are the twin goals of the Filipino CD for Peace - a contribution to the UN-backed International Power Users of ICT (Information Communication Technology) Symposium. In this paper, I examine the ways in which this youth Symposium feeds into and mobilizes powerful logics around the links between education and development/counterterrorism. My argument is that education for development, and one of its articulations, the CD for Peace, are undergirded by and reproduce neoliberal development logics in several overlapping respects. I illustrate the ways in which the language of connection and collaboration reproduces a distinct rationality related both to the transformative potential of (private investment in) ICT and to the production of particular kinds of subjectivities: youth as connected, informed, economically valuable global citizens beyond the reach of extremists. The Power Users project works to (re)construct teenagers as “gurus”; conflict (and poverty, and terrorism) becomes solvable through education and ICT. I show how knowledge economy discourse powerfully constructs youth as learning subjects who come to imagine their own roles and identities in specifically neoliberal ways: not only as learners, but also as advocates for this nexus of technology, education, development and peace.     

‘Unionising’ the new spaces of the new economy? Alternative labour organising in India’s IT Enabled Services-Business Process Outsourcing industry

This paper explores the lived experiences and aspirational social constructions of call centre work and employment in India’s high profile IT Enabled Services-Business Process Outsourcing (ITES-BPO) industry; the ways in which they differ from those previously documented amongst call centre workers in the Global North (specifically the UK); and the consequences of that geographical reconfiguration of offshored call centre work for the replicability in India of workplace collective bargaining strategies successfully developed in some UK call centres. These issues are analysed using new empirical evidence from a regional survey of 511 non-unionised ITES-BPO workers and 42 in-depth interviews in India’s National Capital Region. Based on this analysis, the paper then discusses the operation, outcomes and ongoing challenges faced by the newly formed ‘Union for ITES Professionals’ (UNITES Pro) in developing an alternative occupational organising model better suited to the particular needs, motivations and preferences of India’s young, mobile, call centre workers. The empirical analysis presented in the paper is located, therefore, within wider debates on the role of geographical context in shaping possibilities for organising white-collar service workers at different ends of global service chains in the new economy.     

Re-mapping regulatory space: The new governance of Australian dairying

Despite questions currently raised about the future of neoliberalism, it remains embedded within Australian agricultural policy and practice. This paper explores the strengths and limitations of mechanisms contributing to neoliberalism’s survival through a close examination of the restructuring of Australian agricultural production and governance processes under the influence of both globalising impulses and adherence to neoliberal strategies. We trace the changes in governance flowing from the dismantling of regulatory structures in the Australian dairy industry, and the creation of new forms of governance that have both facilitated this transition and dealt with its adverse, often unintended, consequences. The changing governance of Australian dairying is analysed through the lens of three arenas of governance: state, industry and place. Drought has played an important part in re-spacialising dairying and re-shaping the balance between farmers and industry, demonstrating the contingency at play in emerging governance structures. This study of processes of change within the highly export-oriented dairy sector of Australia focuses attention on resistance and on some of the messy actualities of the interplay between state, place and industry - and nature - in neoliberal agri-food governance.     

江苏民营矿业发展探讨

通过对江苏民营矿业基本情况的调查研究,分析了民营矿业对促进地方经济发展的作用、资源开发利用总体情况,总结了民营矿业发展和管理中的基本问题,提出了促进其发展的措施与建议。对于把握江苏民营矿业发展现状、经济形势、存在的问题,以及加强对江苏民营矿业发展引导和监督管理,具有一定的指导意义。     

陕北能源化工基地采煤生态环境破坏及补偿机制研究

陕北能源化工基地煤炭、石油、天然气、岩盐等矿产资源储量丰富,经过近20a的开发,已初步建成为中国重要的能源接续地和大型煤化工基地。但该区又具有水资源相对短缺、生态环境脆弱的特点,加之近年来煤炭生产和转化等资源开发增长速度较快,采煤造成的区域性环境污染与生态破坏问题较为突出,严重制约着该区的可持续发展。通过探索建立陕北能源化工基地生态补偿机制,解决了煤炭资源开发与生态环境保护的矛盾,使资源得到适度、可持续的开发利用,环境生态得到持续的恢复和改善,从而使该区的经济发展与保护生态环境相协调,最大限度的实现了可持续发展的战略。