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421.
LBM钻井液是一种低粘度低失水量的高效造浆材料,通过在绳索取心中应用,证明了LBM钻井液具有良好的抑制水敏性地层膨胀与分散的能力.可有效防止粘附卡钻事故及解决钻杆内壁结垢问题.是绳索取心钻进较理想的钻井液材料。 相似文献
422.
Simulation experiments on the primary migration of oil were carried out on massive samples. The results proved that oil generated from source rocks was expelled in the form of an independent oil phase. High oil-expulsion efficiency was observed. It follows that the primary migration of oil is not directly dependent on the quantity of oil generated from the source rocks. Therefore, the oil-expulsion proportion was high though some source rocks yielded only a limited amount of oil. A great deal of gas was produced at the same time of oil-generation. Thus, it can be concluded that the main expulsion energy for oil primary migration came from these gases. 相似文献
423.
在贯彻执行我国现行有关煤炭资源勘查规范及相关规定的基础上,对国际国内煤炭地质勘查阶段划分进行了对比,论述了建国以来中国煤炭地质勘查规范的主要技术内涵,对加强贯彻新规范,促进标准化体系建设和适应社会主义市场经济体制改革进行了探讨。 相似文献
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425.
我国炼焦煤资源丰富,但优质炼焦煤一直处于短缺局面。根据全国已有煤质数据分析,从优质(主要考虑挥发分指标)、环保(主要考虑硫分和灰分指标)两个方面结合有害微量元素含量,将炼焦煤划分为四种类型,确定了优质环保型炼焦煤资源的评价步骤,对全国五个赋煤区优质环保型炼焦煤的资源量等级进行了统计分析。 相似文献
426.
The development and utilization of water and land resources in the Shiyang River basin are the highest among the inland rivers
in northwestern China. Using GIS and the landscape structure analysis program FRAGSTATS, landscape metrics of a study area
in the lake-district in Minqin Oasis in the lower reaches of Shiyang River basin were calculated and analyzed based on TM
images from 1987 to 2001 at class level and landscape level, respectively. Transformation matrix of the landscape mosaics
was also examined. The driving forces of landscape changes were analyzed, including the dynamics of runoff and groundwater
resources and their exploitation, and influences of policies and market economy. The results showed that: (1) Patch number
of farmland and desert decreased, but their mean patch area increased, indicating that reclamation and desertification was
very serious in the study area. Contagion index for oasis increased and edge density and landscape diversity were reduced.
(2) Farmland and desert areas have enlarged by 1,520.46 and 4,941.27 hm2, respectively. This increase was at the cost of woodland and grassland, which shrank by 1,520.46 and 4,941.27 hm2, respectively. (3) The net utilization of surface water decreased by 50% in the last 10 years, and dropped to 22.3 × 106 m3 in the later 1990s. Exploitation of groundwater increased remarkably, up to 80 × 106 m3 per year in the last 5 years. (4) The capability of the economic structure to withstand pressures of the market economy has
depressed distinctly because of the simplified planting pattern, which is dominated by salinity-enduring cash crops, such
as cotton. Based on the above analysis, strategies of ecological reconstruction in the lake-district were suggested. 相似文献
427.
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429.
《国际泥沙研究》2020,35(5):431-443
In recent years, the damage caused to human settlements in Japan by large woody debris (LWD) has been increasing. For example, the 2013 Izu Oshima typhoon resulted in a large number of fatalities and missing persons, and the Kagoshima Typhoon Disaster and Northern Kyusyu torrential downpour caused vast infrastructure damage due to the associated LWD. Current countermeasures for preventing LWD are insufficient to maintain the safety of residential areas. One type of protective barrier, the open sabo dam, has been constructed in Japan during the past 30 years. The primary function of open sabo dams is to block the flow of boulders, thereby also reducing sediment flow by reducing the gap size. However, because Japanese open sabo dams are designed specifically for boulder-trapping, the ability of these dams to trap LWD remains uncertain. In particular, many problems have been reported with respect to sediment trapping by driftwood with roots in an open sabo dam setting. The objective of this study was to examine the trapping efficiency of open sabo dams for LWD and sediment. The experimental approach clarified the influence of driftwood, without and with roots, on sediment trapping for a straight-channel flume. The flexible roots of the driftwood were shown to have a significant effect on the sediment trapping efficiency of the dam. 相似文献
430.
岩溶断陷盆地不同海拔植物水分利用效率分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨不同海拔高度的养分、环境要素与植物水分利用效率变化的关系,以岩溶断陷盆地云南小江流域的乔木、灌木、草本为研究对象,分析水分利用效率和叶片养分浓度随海拔的变化情况。结果表明:(1)研究区内海拔2 000 m处的草本植物的叶片δ13C值最高,2 200 m处的乔木的叶片δ13C值最低;(2)海拔高度对乔木、灌木的植物水分利用效率影响大于草本植物,草本植物的水分利用效率随海拔高度的变化甚微,两者之间的拟合度较小;高值区出现在海拔为2 200 m处的乔木;低值区出现在海拔为2 000 m处的草本植物;(3)不同海拔水分利用效率与叶片N、P浓度的相关性较弱(与叶片的N浓度呈弱正相关,与叶片的P浓度呈弱负相关);(4)不同海拔水分利用效率与各气候因子的相关性较弱,与多年平均气温、多年平均降雨量、多年平均日照时数均呈弱正相关。 相似文献