基于AutoCAD的无控制点建筑物放样方法

在工程施工放样阶段,一般根据现场附近的已知控制点,将建筑物的位置在实地标定出来.然而,由于施工过程的损坏或其他原因导致已知控制点往往找不到.本文提出了基于AutoCAD的图形处理技术,充分利用已有建筑物解析计算出假定控制点的坐标,然后根据假定控制点与设计建筑物的关系进行放样的方法.并且探讨了此方法的放样精度及适用场合.     

现代精密工程测量技术及仪器

在现代工程测量中,由于工程的各项技术指标要求越来越高,相应地对测量也提出更高的要求.本文总结了现代精密工程测量中的常见技术及设备,具有一定的参考价值.     

流域耗水平衡方法与应用

流域水量平衡分析是水资源现状评价与水资源合理调度研究工作中的-个核心.本文基于遥感技术估算的蒸散,结合监测统计数据,提出了流域耗水平衡方法,以海河流域为例进行了2002年-2007年流域及子流域的耗水平衡分析,流域多年平均蓄变量为-62.3亿m3,其中农业生产是流域水资源消耗的主要因素,占耗水总量的54.3%,年际变动范围较小(-5%-8%).通过流域蓄变量变化和流域蒸散结构的分析,揭示海河流域存在的水资源问题,为流域水资源管理和节水型社会建设耗水控制和节水方案提出建议.     

南宁市二等水准网的数据处理与精度分析

介绍了南宁市城市二等水准测量的概况,通过二等水准网的数据处理与精度分析,认为南宁市二等水准网成果在精度上较好地满足了规范要求,不仅可在市域范围作为三、四等及等外水准测量等级各种高程控制测量的基准,而且可用于南宁市区域似厘米级大地水准面确定.     

站域地下公共空间的发展规律研究：以上海为例

随着城市轨道交通的快速发展,我国主要城市已开发较大规模的站域地下公共空间。然而,专门针对我国城市站域地下公共空间发展的理论研究较少,亦常缺乏时间维度的规律分析。本文以上海91处站域地下公共空间为例,深入剖析其时空发展规律与空间组织特征,为我国其他城市的地下空间开发提供借鉴。结果表明,潜在商业回报和TOD开发理念的推广是上海站域地下公共空间开发的重要动因,其时空分布规律与城镇化发展进程基本一致。城市区位、站点能级、站域空间开发水平是站域地下公共空间选址的重要影响因素。为保障地下空间连通规划的落地性,站域地下公共空间应避免采用站组域空间布局结构,应尽可能采用单级连通模式或以公共产权空间为连通媒介空间的多级连通Ⅰ类模式。     

Designing policy for deployment of CCS in industry

Attaining deep greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions in industry in order to support a stringent climate change control target will be difficult without recourse to CO₂ capture and storage (CCS). Using the insights from a long-term bottom-up energy systems model, and undertaking a sectoral assessment, we investigated the importance of CCS in the industrial sector. Under climate policy aimed at limiting atmospheric concentration of GHGs to 650 ppm CO₂e, costs could increase fivefold when CCS is excluded from the portfolio of mitigation option measures in the industry sector as compared to when CCS is excluded in the power sector. This effect is driven largely by the lack of alternatives for deep emission reductions in industry. Our main policy conclusion is that a broader recognition of CCS in industrial applications in both current policy discussions and research, development, and demonstration funding programmes is justified. In recognition of the heterogeneity of the many types of industrial production processes, the size and location of industrial CO₂ sources, the specific need for CCS-retrofitting, and the exposure of most industrial sectors to international trade, policies aimed at supporting CCS must distinguish between the different challenges faced by the power and industrial sectors.     

Post-2012 CDM multi-criteria analysis of industries in six Asian countries: Iranian case study

The prospects of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and for carbon income, up to and beyond 2012, in the industrial sectors of Iran and five other Asian countries are investigated. The attractiveness and suitability of each host country, the status of their industrial sectors (based on four post-2012 scenarios), and the post-2012 potential of the CDM (or similar carbon projects) in these sectors are all examined. A multi-criteria analysis of Iran, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, China, and India, based on seven sets of criteria (institutional, regulatory, economic, political, social, CDM experience, and energy production/consumption), is conducted, and the post-2012 potential carbon incomes of each country – based on CO₂e emissions of industrial processes – are calculated. Finally, the Iranian industrial sector and the impact of deregulation of energy prices are examined. The post-2012 potential savings in the Iranian industrial sector are calculated based on energy savings, carbon income, and environmental savings. The results indicate that there is strong demand for investment and new technology in this sector to combat several-fold energy price increases. Moreover, high-priced carbon credits could play a meaningful role in post-2012 energy policies in this sector.

Policy relevance

This research is the first study to quantify the carbon market potentials in the industrial sectors of the selected Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) members. The Kyoto Protocol is considered by most OPEC countries to be a mixed bag of threats and opportunities and they have shown ambivalence towards it, mainly due to the threat a reduction of fossil fuel consumption poses to their economies. On the other hand, energy efficiency is a desirable goal for their industrial sectors. Iran, as an OPEC member country with vast energy resources, has mostly ignored the CDM during the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol and has performed poorly on CDM implementation. However, the current deregulation of energy prices in Iran, with profound cuts in energy subsidies, would definitely alter the perspective of its industrial decision makers on the post-2012 carbon potentials.     

AN ANALYSIS OF RELEVANT CONDITIONS FOR DEVELOPING RESOURCE-TYPE INDUSTRIES IN CHINA

Resource-type industries are significance in national economy in the initial stage of industrialization and urbanization in developing countries including China. China is abundant in energy resources, but their distribution is uneven. The prospect of iron and steel industry from the supply of iron ore and coal as well as nonferous metallurgical industry, and chemical industry, is discussed. Processing of agricultural product is an important component of resource-type industries, and the base of light industry. The current status of light industry and different potentials in China's provinces are analysed. The author classifies all provinces into five types according to the spatial combination of minerals in China, and argues that four indicators have to be taken into account with regard to the appraisal of geographical position.     

FACTORS AFFECTING FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE URBAN INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT IN CHINA──A Case Study

ＦＡＣＴＯＲＳ ＡＦＦＥＣＴＩＮＧ ＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮ ＡＮＤ ＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴ ＯＦ ＴＨＥ ＵＲＢＡＮ ＩＮＤＵＳＴＲＩＡＬ ＤＩＳＴＲＩＣＴ ＩＮ ＣＨＩＮＡ──Ａ Ｃａｓｅ ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＣａｏｈｅｊｉｎｇＨｉ－ＴｅｃｈＰａｒｋｉｎＳｈ...     

基于GIS的福州市地震应急避难场所布局研究

基于GIS平台,完成福州市地震应急避难场所数据入库工作,根据地震避难场所服务能力的影响因子计算服务半径,利用加权Voronoi图生成福州市应急避难场所服务范围分区图,分析现有避难场地服务区服务人口负载情况,对避难场地空间配置提出建议。