南北地震带等地区强地震在华北中南部的“响应地震”研究

2008年5月12日T14:28汶川发生8.0级大地震,2008年5月13日T5:00江苏省发生滨海ML3.8地震。滨海地震是否是由汶川地震触发的、可指示滨海附近中短期内将发生中强地震的"诱发前震"?基于此,本文进行了如下研究:①统计南北地震带及中国台湾7.3级以上、日本7.5级以上大地震;②统计①中大震发生后3天时间(72 h)内,华北中南部地区发生的M_L 3以上地震;③统计大震发生后1年内在M_L 3地震附近地区(距震中350 km以内)发生的5级以上地震;④对上述3组地震是否存在链式关系进行统计研究,即研究特定条件下的A—F—B链式地震现象在华北中南部的预报效果。研究结果表明:根据目前所拥有的统计资料,无法确定2008年5月13日滨海M_L 3.8地震是由汶川8级地震诱发的"前兆地震"。     

Diet restriction induced autophagy: a lysosomal protective system against oxidative- and pollutant-stress and cell injury

Nutrient deprivation or dietary restriction (DR) confers protection against ageing and stress in many animals and induced lysosomal autophagy is part of this mechanism. The effects of dietary restriction on the toxicity of copper and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene have been investigated in the common marine mussel Mytilus edulis. The findings show that DR-induced autophagy facilitates the recovery of the digestive gland (i.e., molluscan liver analogue) from cell injury caused by both copper and phenanthrene. It is inferred that DR-induced autophagy and lysosomal proteolysis results in improved cellular "housekeeping" through the more efficient removal of oxidatively and pollutant damaged proteins (e.g., protein carbonyls, protein adducts, etc.) and that this contributes to stress resistance.     

桶形基础沉贯室内模型试验研究

桶形基础采用负压沉贯法施工,其贯入阻力与压桩,打桩等施工方法显著不同。本文介绍了在粉土和粉质粘土地层中的一组模型试验情况,认为负压法施工可显著降低粉土的抗贯阻力,但在粉质粘土中减阻效果不明显。     

文蛤MERETRIX MERETRIX LINNAEUS工厂化人工育苗试验

文蛤的人工催产、浮游幼虫培育和稚贝水泥池培养试验结果表明：（1）用阴干与流水结合的方法刺激亲贝能获得理想俏产效果。（2）在水温28．0～29．1℃,比重1．0160—1．0187,pH值8．2－8．4条件下,用亚心形扁藻作文蛤D幼的开口饵料和壳顶幼虫饵料,生长快（日增长高达24．5μm）、成活率高（72．3％）、浮游期短（仅5－6天）。（3）文蛤眼点功出水泥池无砂底附苗试验获得成功,且单位面积附苗量高达433．3万颗／m2。（4）室内水泥池铺砂培养文蛤稚贝,前期生长快,但当壳长达300μm后,稚贝分泌一种粘液,生长和成活受到影响。建议定期翻池洗苗,当壳长达500μm后尽早将苗移至池塘内砂滩培养。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西北部下白垩统罗汉洞组中的铀矿化与沉积相

基于沉积相的研究认为鄂尔多斯盆地西北部罗汉洞期在缓倾斜坡带发育河流相一辫状河三角洲相一湖泊相沉积。依据酸解烃特征参数C1／∑C,C1／C2＋及酸解烃判别分析（z值法、Φ值法及判别因子法）论证了赋存于罗汉洞组地层中的烃气源于三叠系上统湖相生油岩系中的油型气。通过综合剖析赋存于罗汉洞组中油气的地球化学特征、油气还原蚀变特征和铀矿化关系,论证了罗汉洞组的褪色蚀变（漂白）是渗逸到该层位中的酸解烃类气体对岩石发生诱发蚀变的结果,论述了沉积成岩作用期间在辫状河三角洲相中发生铀初步富集,提出沉积相组合与油气还原蚀变带的空间配置是后期铀矿化空间定位的制约因素。     

On the estimation of mooring line characteristic resistance for reliability analysis

The main aim of this work is to derive a correct formulation for the characteristic resistance of a mooring line segment with lognormally distributed component resistances and substitute an equation proposed by Vazquez-Hernandez et al. [Vazquez-Hernandez AO, Ellwanger GB, Sagrilo LVS. Reliability-based comparative study for mooring lines design criteria. Appl Ocean Res 2006; 28(6):398–406] in a paper published in this journal, which is not correct. The mooring line is considered as a series system and the resistances of individual components of a line segment are statistically independent and identically distributed; furthermore, the case of normally distributed component resistances is also discussed. A comparison with the corresponding equation proposed by DNV-OS-E301 is given. Results show that the formula proposed by Vazquez-Hernandez et al. [Vazquez-Hernandez AO, Ellwanger GB, Sagrilo LVS. Reliability-based comparative study for mooring lines design criteria. Appl Ocean Res 2006; 28(6):398–406] overestimates quite significantly the characteristic resistance of a mooring line segment.     

涡激振动实验中的流速增大装置研发与性能研究

拖曳水池中进行立管涡激振动实验时,为了保证采样时间长度,难以达到较高的Re数。流速增大装置可以在不提高拖车车速的情况下增大立管外的流速。利用这种流速增大装置还可实现流速分层流场中细长柔性立管涡激振动实验。经过对流速增大装置中的进流段曲线进行优选,发现Witozinsky曲线的总体性能最好。在对流速增大装置进行水池实验和数值模拟后,发现流速增大区域的流速增大倍数接近进流段收缩比,流速增大区域流场比较稳定、均匀,流速增大装置对其外的流场影响很小。此流速增大装置不但可应用于拖曳水池中的立管涡激振动实验,还可以应用于对流速要求较高的水下航行体的水池试验,如鱼雷、水下机器人等。     

软粘土中插入式大直径薄壁圆筒结构的一种极限状态分析模型

根据插入式大直径薄壁圆筒结构的工作特点建立了其合理的破坏机制，以此为基础建立了受横向荷载作用的插入式大直径薄壁圆筒结构的上限法极限分析模型，从中可以得到作用于插入式大直径薄壁圆筒结构上的横向极限荷载近似的上限解；并根据上限法模型计算结果，提出了计算受横向荷载作用的插入式大圆筒结构侧壁极限抗力的简化修正模型，利用此修正模型，基于极限平衡法，可以求解作用于插入式大直径薄壁圆筒结构上的横向极限荷载。     

Numerical Prediction of Induced Pressure and Lift of the Planing Surfaces

This paper discusses the numerical prediction of the induced pressure and lift of the planing surfaces in a steady motion based on the potential flow solver as well as the spray drag by use of the practical method.The numerical method for computation of the induced pressure and lift is potential-based boundary element method.Special technique is identified to present upwash geometry and to determine the spray drag.Numerical results of a planing flat plate and planing craft model 4666 are presented.It is shown that the method is robust and efficient and the results agree well with the experimental measurements with various Froude humors.     

Design of ship's bow form by potential-based panel method

A surface panel method treating a boundary-value problem of the Dirichlet type with the free surface is presented to design a three-dimensional body corresponding to a prescribed pressure distribution. The free surface boundary condition is linearized with respect to the oncoming flow, and computed by four-point finite difference scheme. Sample designs for submerged spheroids and Wigley hull are carried out to demonstrate the stable convergence, the effectiveness and the robustness of the method. The design of a 5500TEU container carrier is performed with respect to reduction of the wave resistance. To reduce the wave resistance, calculated pressure on the hull surface is modified to have the lower fluctuation, and is applied as a Dirichlet type dynamic boundary condition on the hull surface. The designed hull form is verified to have the lower wave resistance than the initial one not only by computation but also by experiment.