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161.
The Shanxi reservoir earthquakes are significant seismic events in southern Zhejiang Province in recent years, an area with fewer and weaker earthquakes. The seismicity showed an intermittent characteristic and group distribution. The epicenters located by the seismic network did not show a predominant direction and the seismogenic structure is not clear. In the study, the nonlinear imaginary wave travel time equation was linearized and solved, and the source position, initial imaginary velocity and travel ... 相似文献
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Passive Turbulence Control (PTC) in the form of selectively distributed surface roughness is used to alter Flow Induced Motion (FIM) of a circular cylinder in a steady flow. The objective is to enhance FIM's synchronization range and amplitude, thus maximizing conversion of hydrokinetic energy into mechanical energy by oscillator in vortex-induced vibration and/or galloping. Through additional viscous damping, mechanical energy is converted to electrical harnessing clean and renewable energy from ocean/river currents. High Reynolds numbers (Re) are required to reach the high-lift TrSL3 (Transition-Shear-Layer-3) flow regime. PTC trips flow separation and energizes the boundary layer, thus inducing higher vorticity and consequently lift. Roughness location, surface coverage, and size are studied using systematic model tests with broad-field laser visualization at 3.0×104<Re<1.2×105 in the low-turbulence free-surface water-channel of the Marine Renewable Energy Laboratory of the University of Michigan. Test results show that 16° roughness coverage is effective in the range (10°-80°) inducing reduced vortex-induced vibration (VIV), enhanced VIV, or galloping. Range of synchronization may increase or decrease, galloping amplitude of oscillation reaches three diameters; wake structures change dramatically reaching up to ten vortices per cycle. Conversion of hydrokinetic energy to mechanical is enhanced strongly with proper PTC. 相似文献
165.
Ricardo P. Meireles Rui Quartau Ricardo S. Ramalho Ana C. Rebelo José Madeira Vittorio Zanon Sérgio P. Ávila 《Sedimentology》2013,60(7):1769-1785
Oceanic islands – such as the Azores in the mid‐North Atlantic – are periodically exposed to large storms that often remobilize and transport marine sediments along coastlines, and into deeper environments. Such disruptive events create deposits – denominated tempestites – whose characteristics reflect the highly dynamic environment in which they were formed. Tempestites from oceanic islands, however, are seldom described in the literature and little is known about storm‐related sediment dynamics affecting oceanic island shelves. Therefore, the geological record of tempestite deposits at oceanic islands can provide invaluable information on the processes of sediment remobilization, transport and deposition taking place on insular shelves during and after major storms. In Santa Maria Island (Azores), a sequence of Neogene tempestite deposits was incorporated in the island edifice by the ongoing volcanic activity (thus preserved) and later exposed through uplift and erosion. Because it was overlain by a contemporary coastal lava delta, the water depth at the time of deposition could be inferred, constituting an excellent case‐study to gain insight on the still enigmatic processes of insular shelf deposition. Sedimentological, palaeontological, petrographic and palaeo‐water depth information allowed the reconstruction of the depositional environment of these sediments. The sequence typifies the characteristics of a tempestite (or successive tempestites) formed at ca 50 m depth, in a steep, energetic open insular shelf, and with evidence for massive sediment remobilization from the nearshore to the middle or outer shelf. The authors claim that cross‐shelf transport induced by storm events is the main process of sediment deposition acting on steep and narrow shelves subjected to high‐energetic environments, such as the insular shelves of open‐sea volcanic islands. 相似文献
166.
不同应力条件下断裂带结构发育特征探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
脆性断层断裂带内部结构主要包括破碎带和诱导裂缝带两部分。断层性质、断层活动性、埋深、断层两盘(主动盘、被动盘)、岩石力学性质、距离断层远近、断层组合规律等都可以成为影响断裂带内部结构发育的因素。通过讨论不同的应力条件下断裂带内部结构的发育特征,认为正断层形成的破碎带范围较小,裂隙形态不规则,诱导裂缝带中发育张裂隙和剪裂隙;由逆断层作用形成的破碎带范围较大,诱导裂缝带主要是由张裂隙和剪裂隙组成。由平移断层作用形成的破碎带延伸较稳定。 相似文献
167.
三峡水库诱发地震监测简介 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
长江三峡工程是举世瞩目的特大型水利枢纽工程。它的建设将对三峡库区及其周边环境产生巨大影响,水库诱发地震就是可能产生的众多影响之一。中国长江三峡工程开发总公司为了三峡水库周边及其下游的防震减灾需要,投资建设了“长江三峡工程诱发地震监测系统”。三峡数字遥测地震台网是该系统中的重要组成部分,担负了水库诱发地震活动的日常监测任务。本文从水库诱发地震问题出发,简要介绍了该台网的设计思路、布局、监测能力和技术系统。 相似文献
168.
Flow and deformation failure of sandy slopes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The effects of earthquake induced pore pressure on seismic and post seismic stability conditions of cohesionless slopes are investigated with reference to the infinite slope scheme. In cohesionless slopes the shear strength reduction caused by pore pressure build-up may lead the slope to a deformation failure or to a flow failure if liquefaction conditions are approached. Two critical values of the seismic induced pore pressure ratio are introduced to evaluate the effect of shear strength reduction on the slope failure mechanism. The results are given in the form of stability charts and a procedure for the evaluation of the seismic stability condition is described. The procedure gives useful information about the failure mechanism that slopes may exhibit and the displacement analysis which should be carried out. 相似文献
169.
基于弹性力学的诱导劈裂注浆机制分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对隧道内水平超前劈裂注浆中浆液劈裂方向随机性的问题,提出一种诱导劈裂注浆方法,可以控制和改变浆液的劈裂方向。首先,基于弹性力学理论及其基本假定,分析竖向地应力大于水平地应力条件下对单一土层进行劈裂注浆时浆液沿竖向劈裂的力学机制,在此基础上探讨改变浆液劈裂方向为水平劈裂的必要性和诱导方法,并从应力集中的角度分析诱导劈裂注浆的力学机制;其次,采用有限元法研究注浆孔孔周劈裂方向控制点的应力随侧向压力系数和诱导孔与注浆孔间距变化而变化的情况,得出实现诱导劈裂注浆时两孔间距及侧向压力系数应满足的条件,并拟合两孔间距临界值的计算公式。结果表明:在离注浆孔上、下方4倍注浆孔径以内对称布设诱导孔,改变了注浆孔孔周劈裂方向控制点的应力场。当两孔间距小于实现诱导的临界距离值时,注浆孔孔周控制点的应力大小发生转换,浆液的劈裂方向发生改变,将沿水平方向劈裂。诱导孔与注浆孔间距的临界值会随着侧向压力系数的增大而逐渐增大。 相似文献
170.
戏剧引致旅游的市场开发研究—以黄梅戏为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
戏剧作为旅游引致物进行开发,是一个实践意义明显的问题,国外已有一定的研究成果。通过分析,将黄梅戏旅游的市场分为核心市场和一般市场,提出了对应的深度开发和依附开发两种策略。在此基础上,对黄梅戏旅游开发的保障措施进行了探讨。 相似文献