Modelling the outcomes of high-velocity impacts between small solar system bodies

We present a self-consistent numerical algorithm aimed at predicting the outcomes of high-velocity impacts between asteroids (or other small bodies of the solar system), based on a set of model input parameters which can be estimated from the available experimental evidence, and including the possible gravitational reaccumulation of ejected fragments whose velocity is less than a suitably defined escape velocity. All the fragment mass distributions are modelled by truncated power laws, and a possible correlation between fragment ejection velocity and mass is taken into account in different ways, including a probabilistic one. We analyze in particular the effectiveness of the gravitational reaccumulation process in terms of different choices of the collisional parameters and the assumed relationship between fragment speed and mass. Both the transition size beyond which solid targets are likely to reaccumulate a large fraction of the fragment mass and the collision energy needed to disperse most of the fragments are sensitive functions of the assumed fragment velocity versus mass relationship. We also give some examples of how our algorithm can be applied to study the origin and collisional history of small solar system bodies, including the asteroid 951 Gaspra (recently imaged by the Galileo probe) and the asteroid families.     

基于ARMA模型的广元市中区经济增长预测分析

利用广元市市中区1978年到2004年GDP数据,构建了广元市市中区时间序列趋势的ARMA模型.在此基础上,对广元市市中区2006年到2010年未来5年内的GDP进行了预测,并针对该区"十一五"规划的各项目标任务提出了一些对策建议,为广元市市中区未来的发展提供参考依据.     

The appraisal of seven economic zones in China

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CONCEPTION OF ESTABLISHING THE SINO RUSSIAN BORDER FREE ECONOMIC REGION

Ｓｏｃａｌｌｅｄｆｒｅｅｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｒｅｇｉｏｎｉｓａｓｐｅｃｉａｌｒｅｇｉｏｎｗｉｔｈｏｕｔｊｕｒｉｓｄｉｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｕｓｔｏｍｓ,ｄｅｌｉｍｉｔｅｄｂｙｏｎｅｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ．Ｉｎｔｈｉｓｒｅｇｉｏｎｖａｒｉｏｕｓｐｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌｐｏｌｉｃｉｅｓｏｆｒｅｄｕｃｉｎｇｏｒｒｅｍｉｔｔｉｎｇｔａｘａｔｉｏｎａｒｅｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｅｄ．Ｉｔｃａｎｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｍａｎｙｃｏｎｖｅｎｉｅｎｔｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓｆｏｒｆｒｅｅｆｌｏｗｏｆｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌｃｏｍｍｏｄｉｔｙ…     

新经济时代的西部开发

 我国西部开发将要在网络经济、知识经济与全球化经济的新时代下进行。其国家战略目标是逐步缩小地区差异、加快经济结构性调整,增进民族团结。经过近50年来的努力,西部的地球科学信息资源是相当丰富的,利用卫星遥感数据更新也是切实可行的。应该充分加以利用,作为区域规划和工程设计的依据,并建议以信息化带动现代化,实现跨越式发展     

论中国西部的经济开发

本文多方面系统地分析了中国西部地区的经济态势,从生产总值、产业结构(第一产业、工业、矿产、能源,第三产业等)以及生态环境等,论述西部的经济开发。     

The NASA Lunar Impact Monitoring Program

NASA’s Meteoroid Environment Office has implemented a program to monitor the Moon for meteoroid impacts from the Marshall Space Flight Center. Using off-the-shelf telescopes and video equipment, the Moon is monitored for as many as 10 nights per month, depending on weather. Custom software automatically detects flashes which are confirmed by a second telescope, photometrically calibrated using background stars, and published on a website for correlation with other observations. Hypervelocity impact tests at the Ames Vertical Gun Range facility have begun to determine the luminous efficiency and ejecta characteristics. The purpose of this research is to define the impact ejecta environment for use by lunar spacecraft designers of the Constellation manned lunar program. The observational techniques and preliminary results will be discussed. The U.S. Government's right to retain a non-exclusive, royalty-free license in and to any copyright is acknowledged.     

Industrial structural changes in Hong Kong, China under one country, two systems framework

Hong Kong has undergone substantial economic transformations and developed into a sophisticated business and financial center in the Asia-Pacific region,since the return of sovereignty to China as a Special Administrative Region under the One Country Two Systems (OCTS) in 1997.This paper discusses and analyzes the industrial structural changes of Hong Kong in recent decades as well as its future challenges and opportunities.The data and finding reveal that even though Hong Kong will face fierce competition from the Mainland’s cities as the rise of China,the important role as a bridge between China and the rest of the world will brace Hong Kong itself under the OCTS for developing into a service hub for business and trade in the Asia-Pacific region.     

附有限制条件的间接平差秩亏时解法初探

在附有限制条件的间接平差的应用中,若所列观测方程中实际用到的未知参数的个数少于所选参数的总数u时,就会出现法方程系数阵秩亏的问题。为了解决此问题,在理论公式推导的基础上,给出了一种新的解决方法,并结合算例进行了验证。     

关于间接测定碘的分析方法研究

用硝基苯萃取[Cd（Phen）3]^2＋I2^-离子对,再用盐酸反萃取,利用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定镉的含量,从而间接测定碘。实验在pH=5．2的NaAc-HAc缓冲体系下进行,优化了还原剂KBH;中邻菲罗啉的浓度,镉溶液用量,萃取剂硝基苯的用量,反萃取盐酸的酸度,并制备碘的标准曲线,其线性相关系数R2≥0．9942,线性范围0～10ng／mL,精密度为8．5％,检出限0．80ng／mL,利用标准曲线测出水样中碘的浓度为17．78ng／mL,结果令人满意。实验表明,开发原子荧光光谱间接分析方法,使其能够准确测量更多种类的元素,有着十分积极的意义,同时也能够促进该方法得到更广范的应用。