利用多源领域知识迁移CA的城市建设用地模拟

目的 建立传统元胞自动机(CA)模型时,如果样本数量不足,模拟效果往往非常不理想。提出了多源领域知识迁移CA模型,利用多个已有的旧样本数据集来帮助建立新的CA模型,并选取广东省深圳市作为试验区验证了其有效性。试验结果表明,该模型在新样本数量不足的情况下能够明显改善模拟效果,并且有效减小产生负迁移现象的风险。     

Mining knowledge from result comparison between spatial clustering themes

This paper introduces some definitions and defines a set of calculating indexes to facilitate the research, and then presents an algorithm to complete the spatial clustering result comparison between different clustering themes. The research shows that some valuable spatial correlation patterns can be further found from the clustering result comparison with multi-themes, based on traditional spatial clustering as the first step. Those patterns can tell us what relations those themes have, and thus will help us have a deeper understanding of the studied spatial entities. An example is also given to demonstrate the principle and process of the method.     

地球化学场精细结构解析方案与应用

为满足勘查地球化学对化探数据处理越来越精细的要求,把人工神经网络和统计分析结合起来形成地球化学场精细结构解析方案。该方案包括对地球化学样品的分类和对各类样品性质的详细研究,目的在于提供便捷的数学和计算机软件工具,以提取化探数据中的深层信息。可以用于:①研究各组样品中元素含量水平和组合特征以解释可能的矿种;②研究元素组合特征与指示元素的关联和区别以揭示可能的成矿作用过程;③研究异常样品的空间组合属性以揭示地球化学场的精细结构;④研究异常样品之间的差异性以缩小找矿靶区;⑤综合分析以确定剥蚀深度和找矿前景。该方案也适用于环境地球化学及矿产资源预测研究。     

一种结合地理知识的遥感影像目标实体关联方法北大核心CSCD

遥感影像目标识别技术已广泛应用于目标动态监测与定位等领域。但影像目标识别的结果缺乏与目标属性信息的链接,导致分析人员只能依据影像特征进行分析,难以进行更复杂的目标数据关联分析与挖掘。针对遥感影像目标识别语义属性信息缺失的问题,本文利用知识图谱相关技术将影像判别的目标信息与知识语义网链接。首先,提出了一种遥感影像目标知识图谱构建框架;其次,针对遥感影像目标不同的数据类型,构建遥感影像目标知识抽取模型,提出了基于相似度目标实体识别和预定义模式的关系抽取方法;然后,基于多特征Logistic模型的影像目标实体链接方法,实现了遥感影像目标实体与百科知识库的知识关联;最后,针对预定试验区域进行试验,验证了本文方法的可行性。     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Geographic Software Reviewed in this article: LIFE TABLES and the LESLIE MATRIX. CONDUIT MENTMAP2 . Lawrence W. Carstensen Jr . PC-MATLAB , Version 1.0. The Math Works, Inc. QUICKMAP , version 1.0. Sammamish Data Systems, Inc. SYSTAT: THE SYSTEM FOR STATISTICS , Version 2.1, Systat Inc. USA DISPLAY . Instant Tecall     

协同多时相波谱特征的不透水面信息级联提取

不透水面作为反应城市表征变化和区域城镇化的重要技术指标,其位置、图斑大小、空间分布等信息在地表水热循环和能量平衡等领域被广泛需求。传统方法大都基于单一时相信息提取不透水面,而忽略多时相所蕴含的丰富信息。因此,本文提出多时相信息融合的不透水面级联提取方法,利用Landsat-8 OLI遥感影像分析归一化植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI）、改进的归一化水体指数（Modified Normalized Difference Water Index, MNDWI）和归一化建筑指数（Normalized Difference Building Index, NDBI）年内时序变化特点和典型地物间多时相波谱曲线的协同特征,并归纳不透水面多时相变化规律;再根据先验知识所获取的有效地表信息,进行多时相分级提取不透水面信息。此外,基于实地考察数据和同期2 m GF-1遥感影像屏幕数字化生成30 m不透水面图斑,进行精度验证、分析和对比单时相、四季相及多时相3种时序情况下的提取精度。结果表明：单时相提取不透水面总精度最低,四季相提取精度优于单时相,而多时相提取精度最高（精度可达93.66%,Kappa系数为0.81）。本方法在偏远城镇不透水面的有效识别中显露潜在优势,可为不透水面提取方法融合时序波谱特征提供新思路。     

培育志趣，引导学生奔向地球科学大道

随着人类社会和科学技术的发展,尤其是中国国力的提升和教育的深化提高,教育改革,包括地学高等教育的改革,就更需进一步深化,以适应时代发展的需要。文章根据作者长期从事地学教学实践与科研的经历,针对2020年全国基础地质学教学会议关于普通地质学教学改革的精神,概括提出两点体会,一是关于普地教学目标和任务,二是涉及普地教学关键所在,供同行讨论。作者从地球科学基本特征和教学目标出发,提出普地教学的核心价值与重要性,进一步明确普地教学的关键在于教师队伍、教学定位与目标及教学内容与方法等三个方面。普通地质学的教学是地学高等教育中最基础、最关键的环节,其总体目标是提高地学教育的普适性,目的是培育学生的科学志趣,引导学生奔向地球科学大道。     

Making a Mark: a computational and visual analysis of one researcher’s intellectual domain

Dr. David Mark is widely regarded as a path-breaking researcher in geographic information science. What are the structural and temporal characteristics of his intellectual contributions, as seen through the eyes of the broader academic community? Aiming to answer that question, this article presents a scientometric analysis of publications that have been cited alongside David Mark’s papers. In deliberate contrast to the widespread focus on using citation data to condense scientific impact into a handful of indicators, the methodological contribution of this study lies in its mix of computational and visualization approaches. In the search for latent domain structures, state-of-the-art practices in information science, bibliometrics, and network visualization are combined and extended. An initial network of 50,000+ publications and 4,000,000+ document co-citations undergoes a series of transformations reducing it to 9000 publications that are then clustered in a two-stage process, leading to 678 communities whose co-citation linkages are used to delineate 19 super-communities. To enable replication of this approach for other studies, much focus in this article is on detailed discussion of that workflow as well as on highlighting the reasoning behind the choices made among data sources and analytical methods. The topical evolution of David Mark’s domain of influence is explored in some detail, based on tabular and graphic representations of extracted community structures. Results confirm not only the enormous overall breadth of his influence but also how lasting and recurrent it has been in some areas.     

基于模糊推理的空间聚类方法研究

提出了基于模糊推理的空间聚类方法,给出了其实现步骤,并以实例验证了其可行性和科学性。