淮南市区浅层地下水求参公式的建立

根据淮南市区浅层地下水埋深浅，滞后效应小等特点，推导出一套实用的水文参数计算公式，包括：降水入渗补给地下水系数ａ，蒸发极限深度Ｌ，蒸发系数Ｃ，以及浅层地下水的给水度ｕ的计算公式。     

淮河上游大暴雨的水分平衡

分析了淮河上游大暴雨过程的水汽来源和暴雨区的水分平衡。结果说明，暴雨区除有大量水汽净通量外，还有相当数量的水分来自云的净输送，尤其是大暴雨中心附近，积雨云团的净通量决定降水量的大小。因此，分析云的移动和变化是暴雨预报的重要课题。     

江苏水文站网优化调整有关问题的思考

在概述全省站网现状基础上，分析了站网优化调整的主要原因，提出了如何优化调整的总体思路和基本构想，进一步明确强调在水文站网优化调整中需要坚持和把握的原则和方法。     

Simulated effect of a forest road on near‐surface hydrologic response: redux

In the work reported here the comprehensive physics‐based Integrated Hydrology Model (InHM) was employed to conduct both three‐ and two‐dimensional (3D and 2D) hydrologic‐response simulations for the small upland catchment known as C3 (located within the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest in Oregon). Results from the 3D simulations for the steep unchannelled C3 (i) identify subsurface stormflow as the dominant hydrologic‐response mechanism and (ii) show the effect of the down‐gradient forest road on both the surface and subsurface flow systems. Comparison of the 3D results with the 2D results clearly illustrates the importance of convergent subsurface flow (e.g. greater pore‐water pressures in the hollow of the catchment for the 3D scenario). A simple infinite‐slope model, driven by subsurface pore‐water pressures generated from the 3D and 2D hydrologic‐response simulations, was employed to estimate slope stability along the long‐profile of the C3 hollow axis. As expected, the likelihood of slope failure is underestimated for the lower pore pressures from the 2D hydrologic‐response simulation compared, in a relative sense, to the higher pore pressures from the 3D hydrologic response simulation. The effort reported herein provides a firm quantitative foundation for generalizing the effects that forest roads can have on near‐surface hydrologic response and slope stability at the catchment scale. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于MEM1谱分析的水文时间序列隐含周期特性研究

水文时间序列的隐含周期(本文将简单周期、复合周期及近似周期等统称为隐含周期)的识别、判定是一个重要而又较为困难的问题,相对成熟和有效的做法是对其进行频谱分析。建立在最大熵原理(POME)基础之上的MEM1谱分析,克服了传统谱分析方法的诸多不足,具有频谱光滑、分辨率高等独特优势。为此,以黄河花园口(秦厂)测站年径流系列、月径流系列和年最大洪峰流量序列隐含周期特性的研究为例,探讨了MEM1谱分析在水文时间序列隐含周期特性中的应用。     

Quantifying the relative impact of hydrological and hydraulic modelling parameterizations on uncertainty of inundation maps

ABSTRACT

Flood risk management strongly relies on inundation models for river basin zoning in flood-prone and risk-free areas. Floodplain zoning is significantly affected by the diverse and concurrent uncertainties that characterize the modelling chain used for producing inundation maps. In order to quantify the relative impact of the uncertainties linked to a lumped hydrological (rainfall–runoff) model and a FLO-2D hydraulic model, a Monte Carlo procedure is proposed in this work. The hydrological uncertainty is associated with the design rainfall estimation method, while the hydraulic model uncertainty is associated with roughness parameterization. This uncertainty analysis is tested on the case study of the Marta coastal catchment in Italy, by comparing the different frequency, extent and depth of inundation simulations associated with varying rainfall forcing and/or hydraulic model roughness realizations. The results suggest a significant predominance of the hydrological uncertainty with respect to the hydraulic one on the overall uncertainty associated with the simulated inundation maps.     

An experiment on reservoir representation schemes to improve hydrologic prediction: coupling the national water model with the HEC-ResSim

ABSTRACT

This study experiments with reservoir representation schemes to improve the ability to model active water management in the National Water Model (NWM). For this purpose, we developed an integrated water management model, NWM-ResSim, by coupling the NWM with HEC-ResSim, and two reservoir representation schemes are tested: simulation of reservoir operations and retrieval of scheduled operations. The experiments focus on a pilot reservoir domain in the Russian River basin – Lake Mendocino, California – and its contributing watershed. The evaluation results suggest that the NWM-ResSim improves the simulation performance of reservoir outflow from this managed reservoir over the NWM default level pool routing scheme. The degree of this improvement depends on the suitability of the operation guidance; the reservoir operations simulation scheme could have acceptable errors for the purposes of water resources management, but not for flood operations. Results of the retrieval scheme of scheduled operations demonstrated better performance for sub-daily flood operations.     

流域水文模型研究进展

本文介绍了流域水文模型的分类,论述了流域水文模型基础理论——产汇流理论的发展及其自身的研究进展,探讨了流域水文模型的研究趋势和发展困境,并对未来做出了展望,以期能推进流域水文模型的研究。     

湿地水文研究进展综述

湿地是地球上一种重要的生态系统,具有巨大的环境功能和环境效益。水文是湿地中最重要的过程,是决定产生和维持湿地典型类型和湿地过程的重要因素。因此,湿地水文过程的研究是湿地研究的核心内容,是当前国内外湿地研究的热点。本文介绍了湿地水文及其对湿地功能等的重要性,综述了当前国内外在湿地水文状态与生态环境的关系、水流运动、水文模型与水文观测等方面的研究进展,并提出了今后我国亟待加强的湿地水文研究领域。