Kalman filter finite element method applied to dynamic ground motion

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the estimation of dynamic elastic behavior of the ground using the Kalman filter finite element method. In the present paper, as the state equation, the balance of stress equation, the strain–displacement equation and the stress–strain equation are used. For temporal discretization, the Newmark ¼ method is employed, and for the spatial discretization the Galerkin method is applied. The Kalman filter finite element method is a combination of the Kalman filter and the finite element method. The present method is adaptable to estimations not only in time but also in space, as we have confirmed by its application to the Futatsuishi quarry site. The input data are the measured velocity, acceleration, etc., which may include mechanical noise. It has been shown in numerical studies that the estimated velocity, acceleration, etc., at any other spatial and temporal point can be obtained by removing the noise included in the observation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Calculation of flow distribution in air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field by simplifying air flow model

By simplifying the characters in the air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field, the authors used air dynamics and fluid mechanics to calculate the air distribution in the bit and obtained an equation of flow distribution with a unique resolution. This study will provide help for making certain the bit parameters of the bit structure effectively and study the air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field character deeply.     

Calculation of flow distribution in air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field by simplifying air flow model

By simplifying the characters in the air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field, the authors used air dynamics and fluid mechanics to calculate the air distribution in the bit and obtained an equation of flow distribution with a unique resolution. This study will provide help for making certain the bit parameters of the bit structure effectively and study the air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field character deeply.     

下边界条件为水位流量关系的扩散波洪水演算方法研究

经大量的理论分析和实际洪水演算表明,扩散波可较好地反映洪水波的运动特点。本文基于河道下断面的水位流量关系和连续方程的联立求解,导出了水位流量关系型的下边界条件。利用Laplace变换,得到了扩散波方程在该边界条件下的解析解。文中的求解过程表明,可利用该法进行洪水演算,关键在于如何与实际洪水结合,这个问题有待进一步地分析研究。     

Isoductile strengths and strength reduction factors of elasto‐plastic SDOF systems subjected to simple waveforms

The inelastic response of elasto‐plastic SDOF oscillators subjected to 24 simple waveforms was studied. The waveforms contain linear, quadratic, sinusoidal, and triangular acceleration components that repeat for not more than several cycles. Similarities and differences in oscillator response characteristics are presented, organized by a characteristic period. The strengths and corresponding strength reduction factors required for constant ductility responses are discussed. Response data are compared with expectations based on the concepts of equal energy, equal displacement, and preservation of force. Limitations on the applicability of the equal energy concept are identified. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

常州晾晒气象指数的探讨

确立以日蒸发量来作为描述可晾晒程度的物理量。根据日蒸发量与日最高温度、日平均相对湿度等诸多因子的相关性，进行回归计算，建立其预报方程。通过数轴凝聚,对1998、1999年常州市气象站的逐日蒸发量的变化范围并结合天空状况等因素进行分类，以此作为晾晒指数等级的标准。将方程结果与标准相对照，即可得到次日的晾晒指数等级和相应决策。     

三维F－K域DMO方法及应用效果

在常速情况下，从三维时距方程出发，通过倾角代换，将三维倾角时差分裂为两个正交方向上的二维倾角时差，然后在这两个正交方向上分别做一次二维倾角时差校正，便可达到三维倾角时差校正的目的．应用实例表明这种三维ＤＭＯ分裂方法是切实有效的．     

A nonlinear time-lag differential equation model for predicting monthly precipitation

This paper investigates the nonlinear prediction of monthly rainfall time series which consists of phase space con-tinuation of one-dimensional sequence, followed by least-square determination of the coefficients for the terms of the time-lag differential equation model and then fitting of the prognostic expression is made to 1951-1980 monthly rainfall datasets from Changsha station Results show that the model is likely to describe the nonlinearity of the an-nual cycle of precipitation on a monthly basis and to provide a basis for flood prevention and drought combating for the wet season.     

弹性介质中密度ρ与拉梅常数λ、μ的衍射层析成像方法研究

利用接收到的纵波信息，通过解纵波方程得到介质的密度和拉梅常数分布函数．首先，在频率波数域建立了描述入射纵波信号、接收纵波信号和介质三参数扰动量之间关系的积分方程．然后，建立了关于接收信号的各频率成份的方程组．经过正反傅氏变换求解此方程组即可得到介质三参数的分布函数．最后，就跨孔观测系统进行了数值模拟成像试验。结果表明方法有效．     

共炮检距二维弹性波地震剖面的偏移方法

在均匀各向同性介质的分界面上入射纵波时，除产生纵波反射Ｐ－Ｐ波外，还会产生转换横波的反射Ｐ－ＳＶ波。同样，当入射波为ＳＶ横波时，在分界面上会同时产生ＳＶ－ＳＶ反射波和ＳＶ－Ｐ反射转换波，对这种二维弹性波地震记录如何进行偏移是正在探讨的问题。为了能够处理实际地震数据，本文提出在共炮检距剖面上进行二维弹性波记录的偏移方法。具体做法是，首先用弹性波方程将两分量的地震记录分解为Ｐ－Ｐ（或ＳＶ－ＳＶ）波和Ｐ－ＳＶ（或ＳＶ－Ｐ）波，然后用我们已导出的适合于处理共炮检距剖面的叠前偏移方法对它们进行处理。用模拟数据进行的试验说明方法正确，效果良好。