中美国家重点风景名胜资源管理体制若干问题探讨

近来，有许多关于国家重点风景名胜区主要景点的经营权转让问题的讨论，主要围绕保护资金和私人企业对国家重要风景名胜资源保护与管理的可行性，笔者认为深层次的问题在于管理体制。研究美国国家公园体系管理体制，分别从组织管理、法治和资金来源角度与我国国家重点风景名胜区管理体制进行比较，并提出改进建议。     

大布苏泥林成因特征与保护开发建议

大布苏泥林地质地貌景观的形成是新构造运动、地层岩性、地下水、风力及地形等多种地质因素综合作用的结果,它即是一种奇特的地质地貌景观,又是一种属于水土流失的地质灾害现象。最后,提出了具体的保护与开发建议。     

The Role of the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems in the Construction of China’s National Park System and the Optimisation of the Protected Area System

Conservation-compatible development of rural communities is an important part of nature conservation objectives. Understanding the role of agriculture, which is often practiced in or bordering the protected areas in rural China, is critical for managing conservation networks considering that limited spatial areas are available for enclosed protected areas. Important Agricultural Heritage Systems stand out for their multi-functionality, and some of their values are compatible with nature conservation. This paper examined the concept, management objectives and resource management characteristics of the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) by analysing their interactions with national parks in terms of community development. The results reveal that management strategies of dynamic conservation, integrated protection and adaptive management of the IAHS can contribute to those national park management objectives concerning conservation-compatible livelihood. However, the typology of the protected area system, including the traditional agricultural system as a new type, needs further consideration.     

Diversity of Plant Resources in Qunli National Urban Wetland Park in Harbin,China

Wetland parks play various ecological roles, including maintaining regional ecological balance, and connoting and compensating water sources. Taking Harbin Qunli National Urban Wetland Park as the research object, the diversity of plant resources in wetland parks is investigated and analyzed with the goal of providing a scientific basis for ecological restoration and the conservation and utilization of urban wetlands. Field survey, sampling and data collection methods were used to study the wetland plant resources and their life types (e.g., vines or shrubs), ecological types and distribution types. The study found 60 families, 129 genera and 160 species of wetland plants in Qunli National Urban Wetland Park, including 56 families, 123 genera and 151 species of angiosperms, which include 48 families, 101 genera and 127 species of dicotyledons and 8 families, 22 genera and 24 species of monocotyledons; 2 families, 2 genera and 3 species of ferns; and 2 families, 4 genera and 6 species of gymnosperms. The family composition is dominated by those families that included 10 or more species, and the dominant families are Compositae and Rosaceae. The genus composition is dominated by genera with four or more species present, and the dominant genera are Acer, Malus and Artemisia. Among the six life types, herbaceous plants are dominant, with a proportion of 62.50% of the species. The ecological types are divided into three categories: wet, mesophytic and aquatic plants, with wet plants accounting for the largest proportion, i.e., 56.25% of the total number of plant species. There are five distribution types of plant families and 10 types of the genera, with both families and genera dominated by the Northern Temperate types, so the flora has obvious temperate characteristics.     

深圳高新电子信息企业空间格局演化及其影响因素

基于深圳市2007—2017年电子信息类高新技术企业名录数据,通过全局墨兰指数、核密度分析与热点分析研究深圳市高新电子信息企业的空间集聚与演化特征,运用空间回归模型分析其影响因素及变化。结果表明：在研究时段内,高新电子信息企业全局集聚强度进一步升高,其分布经历了“集聚-分散-集聚”的变化过程;企业空间集聚由“双核共振”转变为“三足鼎立”格局,并形成“高新园区型”、“老工业区型”和“龙头企业型”三种集聚模式;园区政策、产业集聚一直是深圳电子信息技企业分布的关键影响因子,交通和区位等基础因素影响相对偏弱;影响因素的变化显示出产业集聚、对外交通因子的影响显著提升,知识技术因子的影响开始显现。     

我国主题公园的发展现状与创新

我国主题公园的发展现状表现为由移植和模仿的单一主题结构向多元主题结构及综合化方向发展等特征.研究发现,影响我国主题公园发展的因素主要有区位因素和资源环境条件、主题公园的主题选择和文化内涵、园内的休闲设施配套建设和行之有效的管理手段.改革创新是保持我国主题公园生命力的关键,有效的市场营销是其发展的载体,先进的管理技术和手段是其成功发展的基础.其创新应该体现在主题设施项目的挖掘、先进的休闲娱乐功能理念以及经营管理等方面.     

基于MapGIS的地质遗迹管理信息系统的设计与实现

地质遗迹管理信息系统利用地理信息系统技术、数据库技术,整合地质遗迹(地质公园)数据库和基础地理、地质、生态环境、旅游资源、管理规划等空间数据库,全面掌握地质遗迹保护、地质公园建设等方面的现状和规划情况,便于管理地质遗迹(地质公园)保护和建设的信息,为制定国家、区域或省市自然保护区规划和其他专项规划提供数据支持。地质遗迹管理信息系统应遵循点源信息系统的设计原则,以主题式关系数据库系统和空间数据库系统为基础,以空间信息和属性信息管理为核心,实现数据库与GIS的有效集成;并用C/S与B/S相结合的方式,使系统在局域网和广域网都能安全运行,满足用户的需求。     

协调发展地质公园人地关系——以崀山国家地质公园为例

人地关系是人类系统与自然系统间的相互作用,人地关系协调的本质是妥善解决社会总需求与环境承载力之间的矛盾.以崀山国家地质公园为例,从规划措施、保护措施、管理措施等方面,提出了协调发展地质公园人地关系的策略.     

浅论矿山公园规划——以内蒙古巴林石国家矿山公园为例

从矿山公园的定义和内涵出发,对矿山公园和地质公园进行了比较,指出了两者之间存在的差异。以内蒙古巴林石国家矿山公园为例,从规划原则、规划范围的界定及功能布局等几个方面对矿山公园的规划进行了探讨。     

深度学习在海珠国家湿地公园统一确权调查中的应用

针对自然资源调查中单一数据源难以兼顾地物空间与光谱属性的问题,本文提出了基于深度学习的数据融合分类方法。该方法利用多源数据有限样本,实现了植被覆盖区精细化分类;并以广东海珠国家湿地公园为试点,完成了示范区内自然资源类型提取,以及植被数量与质量调查。试验结果表明,该方法可有效实现自然资源类型提取与植被分类,林木数量探测正确率优于87%,显著提升了植被分类精细度,探索了基于精细化调查的自然确权登记途径。