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121.
ISO-834标准火灾作用后钢管混凝土的轴压刚度和抗弯刚度 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
火灾后钢管混凝土的轴压刚度和抗弯刚度是钢管混凝土结构变形性能和抗震分析的重要指标,也是火灾后钢管混凝土修复和加固的重要依据之一,本文利用数值方法计算了标准火灾作用后钢管混凝土轴压构件和纯弯构件荷载-变形关系曲线,分析了受火时间、材料强度、含钢率、截面尺寸等因素的影响规律,最后推导了标准火灾作用后钢管混凝土轴压刚度和抗弯刚度的简化计算公式,所得结果可供有关钢管混凝土结构工程设计时参考。 相似文献
122.
David K. Keefer 《Surveys in Geophysics》2002,23(6):473-510
Post-earthquake field investigations of landslide occurrence have provided a basis for understanding, evaluating, and mapping the hazard and risk associated withearthquake-induced landslides. This paper traces thehistorical development of knowledge derived from these investigations. Before 1783, historical accounts of the occurrence of landslides in earthquakes are typically so incomplete and vague that conclusions based on these accounts are of limited usefulness. For example, the number of landslides triggered by a given event is almost always greatly underestimated. The first formal, scientific post-earthquake investigation that included systematic documentation of the landslides was undertaken in the Calabria region of Italy after the 1783 earthquake swarm. From then until the mid-twentieth century, the best information on earthquake-induced landslides came from a succession ofpost-earthquake investigations largely carried out by formal commissions that undertook extensive ground-based field studies. Beginning in the mid-twentieth century, when the use of aerial photography became widespread, comprehensive inventories of landslide occurrence have been made for several earthquakes in the United States, Peru, Guatemala, Italy, El Salvador, Japan, and Taiwan. Techniques have also been developed for performing ``retrospective' analyses years or decades after an earthquake that attempt to reconstruct the distribution of landslides triggered by the event. The additional use of Geographic Information System (GIS) processing and digital mapping since about 1989 has greatly facilitated the level of analysis that can applied to mapped distributions of landslides. Beginning in 1984, syntheses of worldwide and national data on earthquake-induced landslides have defined their general characteristics and relations between their occurrence and various geologic and seismic parameters. However, the number of comprehensive post-earthquake studies of landslides is still relatively small, and one of the most pressing needs in this area of research is for the complete documentation of landslides triggered by many more earthquakes in a wider variety of environments. 相似文献
123.
The experimental studies on electrical con-ductivities and P-wave velocities of anortho-site at high pressure and high temperature 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Introduction The measurements of the compressional wave velocity and electrical conductivity of minerals and rocks are of fundamental importance to look into the earths interior, including composition, geotherm, generation and distribution of fluids and melts. Hydrous minerals formed by metamatu-siom are abundant within the earth. Previous studies have been carried out on the dehydration effect on the electrical conductivity and wave velocity of rocks such as serpentine, amphibole, most of whi… 相似文献
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126.
Wibjörn Karlén & Jessica L. Black 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2002,84(3&4):225-232
Two lichenometric techniques were compared in a study of lichen growth–rate in northern Sweden. The first technique, based on the maximum lichen diameter on glacier moraines, was identical to the technique used in the 1970s, whereas the other utilized the lichen diameter measured on 100 randomly selected boulders. The results indicate that it does not matter which technique is chosen, as long as the technique is used consistently on both the calibration surfaces and the surfaces to be dated. The use of data from both the 1970s and the 2000s increased the number of calibration surfaces available. The new calibration curve indicates that the age of Little Ice Age moraines was underestimated by up to about 30 years in the study conducted in the 1970s. 相似文献
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128.
高山增水效应及其水资源意义 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
根据高山上云、雾、雨、雪、径流等水资源丰富现象,分析了高山冰川、植被、地形等与汽-水作用关系,提出高山增水效应概念和高山区水资源开发与保护的新思路。高大山体及其造成的垂向对流、高山冰川和高山植被共同作用形成了高山增水效应,并形成良性增水系统。山体愈高大,增水效应愈明显。对内陆干旱地区开发利用更多的高山水资源具有意义。 相似文献
129.
冀北发现具鬣刺结构的超基性岩 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
冀北具鬣刺结构的超基性岩呈透镜状,产于华北克拉通北缘的早元古宙红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩之中。富MgO,贫CaO,A12O3和FeO*=0.86,TiO2介于0.01%-0.02%之间,与SSZ型蛇绿岩中相应岩石的TiO2含量相当。原始地幔标准化的过渡元素配分型式表现为不对称的“W”型,在TiO2和Cu处形成两个明显的负异常“谷”。据此地球化学特征意味着它们可能来自于消减带之下上地幔,为上地幔高度部分熔融的残余物。岩石中鬣刺结构可能是叶蛇纹石高压分解的结果,表明研究区某些变质橄榄岩岩块曾经受过俯冲—消减作用。 相似文献
130.
石笋的荧光特征及其高分辨率气候环境记录 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析石笋荧光特征的基础上,综述了石笋荧光应用于高分辨率气候环境记录的研究进展。石笋荧光强度反映了石笋中的有机酸含量,荧光波长特征受石笋中有机酸类型的控制,石笋中的有机酸由地表有机质经土壤水、洞穴滴水运移随碳酸盐而淀积,荧光强度与波长特征都是对地表气候环境信息的响应。通过提高荧光谱扫描精度,可得到高分辨率(1~10a)的气候环境变迁记录。分析了目前研究中存在的问题,并对发展趋势和进一步研究方向提出看法。 相似文献