X线侧位片与高分辨率CT对鼻骨骨折的对比研究

目的　通过86例鼻骨骨折的鼻骨X线侧位片与高分辨率CT(HRCT）对比研究，确定HRCT检查对鼻骨骨折的诊断价值。材料与方祛　86例鼻外伤或/和He、面外伤的患者均进行了鼻骨X线侧位摄影、HRCT扫描检查，经集体讨论，由有经验的放射医师对全部影像资料进行分析并进行统计学处理。结果HRCT显示所有的86例鼻骨骨折，但在此86例骨折中X线平片只显示了35例阳性，包括15例鼻骨汇合部骨折，7例双侧鼻骨骨折，3例复合骨折(鼻骨汇合部及双侧鼻骨骨折)，l0例鼻区骨折。X线平片显示5l例为阴性。结论　对鼻骨骨折的诊断，HRCT明显优于鼻骨X线侧位片，HRCT扫描检查可提高X线隐性鼻骨骨折的诊断，并可明确鼻骨骨折的类型、范围和程度，为临床诊断和治疗提供可靠的依据。     

ISO-834标准火灾作用后钢管混凝土的轴压刚度和抗弯刚度

火灾后钢管混凝土的轴压刚度和抗弯刚度是钢管混凝土结构变形性能和抗震分析的重要指标，也是火灾后钢管混凝土修复和加固的重要依据之一，本文利用数值方法计算了标准火灾作用后钢管混凝土轴压构件和纯弯构件荷载-变形关系曲线，分析了受火时间、材料强度、含钢率、截面尺寸等因素的影响规律，最后推导了标准火灾作用后钢管混凝土轴压刚度和抗弯刚度的简化计算公式，所得结果可供有关钢管混凝土结构工程设计时参考。     

Investigating Landslides Caused by Earthquakes – A Historical Review

Post-earthquake field investigations of landslide occurrence have provided a basis for understanding, evaluating, and mapping the hazard and risk associated withearthquake-induced landslides. This paper traces thehistorical development of knowledge derived from these investigations. Before 1783, historical accounts of the occurrence of landslides in earthquakes are typically so incomplete and vague that conclusions based on these accounts are of limited usefulness. For example, the number of landslides triggered by a given event is almost always greatly underestimated. The first formal, scientific post-earthquake investigation that included systematic documentation of the landslides was undertaken in the Calabria region of Italy after the 1783 earthquake swarm. From then until the mid-twentieth century, the best information on earthquake-induced landslides came from a succession ofpost-earthquake investigations largely carried out by formal commissions that undertook extensive ground-based field studies. Beginning in the mid-twentieth century, when the use of aerial photography became widespread, comprehensive inventories of landslide occurrence have been made for several earthquakes in the United States, Peru, Guatemala, Italy, El Salvador, Japan, and Taiwan. Techniques have also been developed for performing ``retrospective' analyses years or decades after an earthquake that attempt to reconstruct the distribution of landslides triggered by the event. The additional use of Geographic Information System (GIS) processing and digital mapping since about 1989 has greatly facilitated the level of analysis that can applied to mapped distributions of landslides. Beginning in 1984, syntheses of worldwide and national data on earthquake-induced landslides have defined their general characteristics and relations between their occurrence and various geologic and seismic parameters. However, the number of comprehensive post-earthquake studies of landslides is still relatively small, and one of the most pressing needs in this area of research is for the complete documentation of landslides triggered by many more earthquakes in a wider variety of environments.     

The experimental studies on electrical con-ductivities and P-wave velocities of anortho-site at high pressure and high temperature

Introduction The measurements of the compressional wave velocity and electrical conductivity of minerals and rocks are of fundamental importance to look into the earths interior, including composition, geotherm, generation and distribution of fluids and melts. Hydrous minerals formed by metamatu-siom are abundant within the earth. Previous studies have been carried out on the dehydration effect on the electrical conductivity and wave velocity of rocks such as serpentine, amphibole, most of whi…     

乌鲁木齐台钻孔应变与水位相关性的初步研究

1999年 7月 11日乌鲁木齐台钻孔应变观测井的水位突然变化 ,通过计算该台应变与水位的相关系数和回归系数 ,研究了水位与应变的关系 ,认为利用此关系可以排除水位对观测值的影响     

边坡立体绿化工程的稳定性

山地城市有许多大面积锚杆喷浆硬化封闭的边坡与城市景观极不协调，为改变这些生硬，单调的自然坡体现状，政府要求对其进行立体绿化。本文以修建黄花园大桥石板坡立交工程形成的石板坡为例，通过多种方法研究了绿化荷载作用对边坡稳定性的影响，结论表明绿化荷载对边坡的稳定性影响较小，只要施工顺序得当可以保证安全。     

Estimates of lichen growth–rate in northern Sweden

Two lichenometric techniques were compared in a study of lichen growth–rate in northern Sweden. The first technique, based on the maximum lichen diameter on glacier moraines, was identical to the technique used in the 1970s, whereas the other utilized the lichen diameter measured on 100 randomly selected boulders. The results indicate that it does not matter which technique is chosen, as long as the technique is used consistently on both the calibration surfaces and the surfaces to be dated. The use of data from both the 1970s and the 2000s increased the number of calibration surfaces available. The new calibration curve indicates that the age of Little Ice Age moraines was underestimated by up to about 30 years in the study conducted in the 1970s.     

层状岩质边坡的屈曲破坏分析

本文根据多层层状结构岩质边坡的屈曲破坏模式，建立了相应的力学模型，从理论上对这种形式的破坏机理进行了研究，得出了相应力学模型的挠曲曲线的理论解。对具体工程实例的应用表明，本文的研究成果不仅能解决具体工程问题，而且有助于深入理解该类边坡的屈曲破坏机理。     

高山增水效应及其水资源意义

根据高山上云、雾、雨、雪、径流等水资源丰富现象，分析了高山冰川、植被、地形等与汽-水作用关系，提出高山增水效应概念和高山区水资源开发与保护的新思路。高大山体及其造成的垂向对流、高山冰川和高山植被共同作用形成了高山增水效应，并形成良性增水系统。山体愈高大，增水效应愈明显。对内陆干旱地区开发利用更多的高山水资源具有意义。     

冀北发现具鬣刺结构的超基性岩

冀北具鬣刺结构的超基性岩呈透镜状，产于华北克拉通北缘的早元古宙红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩之中。富MgO，贫CaO，A12O3和FeO*＝0．86，TiO2介于0．01％-0．02％之间，与SSZ型蛇绿岩中相应岩石的TiO2含量相当。原始地幔标准化的过渡元素配分型式表现为不对称的“W”型，在TiO2和Cu处形成两个明显的负异常“谷”。据此地球化学特征意味着它们可能来自于消减带之下上地幔，为上地幔高度部分熔融的残余物。岩石中鬣刺结构可能是叶蛇纹石高压分解的结果，表明研究区某些变质橄榄岩岩块曾经受过俯冲—消减作用。