New evidence of the azimuthal alignment of quasars spin vector in the LQG U1.28, U1.27, U1.11, cosmologically explained

There has been observational evidence about spin axes of quasars in large quasar groups correlated over hundreds of Mpc. This is seen in the radio spectrum as well as in the optical range. There is not yet a satisfactory explanation of this “spooky” alignment. This alignment cannot be explained by mutual interaction at the time that quasars manifest themselves optically. A cosmological explanation could be possible in the formation of superconducting vortices (cosmic strings) in the early universe, just after the symmetry-breaking phase of the universe. We gathered from the NASA/IPAC and SIMBAD extragalactic databases the right ascension, declination, inclination, position angle and eccentricity of the host galaxies of three large quasar groups to obtain the azimuthal and polar angle of the spin vectors. The alignment of the azimuthal angle of the spin vectors of quasars in their host galaxy is confirmed in the large quasar group U1.27 and compared with two other groups in the vicinity, i.e., U1.11 and U1.28, investigated by Clowes (2013). It is well possible that the azimuthal angle alignment fits the predicted azimuthal angle dependency in the theoretical model of the formation of general relativistic superconducting vortices, where the initial axial symmetry is broken just after the symmetry breaking of the scalar-gauge field.     

Seismic analysis of infinite pile groups in liquefiable soil

Numerical analysis of an infinite pile group in a liquefiable soil was considered in order to investigate the influence of pile spacing on excess pore pressure distribution and liquefaction potential. It was found that an optimal pile spacing exists resulting in minimal excess pore pressure. It was also found that certain pile group configurations might reduce liquefaction potential, compared to free field conditions. It was observed that for closely spaced piles and low frequency of loading, pile spacing has little influence on the response of the superstructure.     

Sulcus and outline morphometrics of sagittal otolith variability in freshwater fragmented populations of dwarf gourami,Trichogaster lalia (Hamilton, 1822)

Studies on the anatomy of sulcus and outline morphometrics of the three population groups of Trichogaster lalia were carried out to examine the effects of anthropogenic stressors (dams and barrages) on the function-related morphological variability of the fish. Altogether 150 samples of the fish were procured from three geographically isolated rivers namely Ganga, Gomti and Yamuna. The features based on images and morphological indices of sulcus, otolith and body shape of the fish were analysed and compared using uni and multivariate statistical procedures. Rostrum, anti-rostrum and margins of sagittal otolith and cauda of sulcus predominantly varied among three population groups of the fish. Variations in geometric morphometrics of sulcus, otolith-outline, combination of both and body shape indicated the existence of three distinct groups of the fish where individuals of river Gomti and Ganga were found to be closer to each other compared to that of river Yamuna. Mantel test showed an overall good correlation between the morphometric data-sets based on otolith and body shape in delineating three groups of the fish. Understanding of the environmental factors influencing the variations in function-related morphology of the different groups of T. lalia is essential to identify the boundaries of the different groups of the fish and to implement the appropriate strategies for their conservation.     

南极长城站微生物考察

198 6- 1 987年中国第三次南极考察中 ,对南极长城站空气、陆上和海滨的微生物作了考察。长城站野外空气中的微生物含量较低 ,海洋性微生物为 1 4 8.7CFU/ m3 ,陆源性微生物为 1 7.9CFU/ m3 ,表明野外空气相当洁净。室内空气微生物数比室外及野外均高得多 ,霉菌的检出率和含量都不高。微生物因人群活动和环境的不同而异。陆上的微生物含量次序是 :冰雪 <湖水 <原土等。海滨的微生物含量相当多 ,>1 0 3 CFU/ cm3 (或 g)。长城站的微生物组成有 1 1属以上 ,包括偶见的芽孢杆菌。温度试验结果表明 ,野外的大部分菌株适于低温生活。没有发现能在≥2 5℃的温度中存活者。低温是控制长城站微生物生态的一个重要因子。在长城站这类环境中 ,低温微生物对物质转化和循环发挥着持久的重要作用     

关于有限群超可解性的一种新判定方法

利用子群的弱s-置换性质研究超可解子群的积的问题,并给出群的超可解性的一些判别方法。设群G可以表示为2个子群A和B的积,A在G中拟正规且B为超可解,如果A的Sylow子群的所有极大子群在G中弱s-置换,则G为超可解群。从而得到1个群为超可解群的这样的一种新判别法。     

The impact of topography on social factors,a case study of Montenegro

Relationships between environmental and social factors have long been studied by geographers.Nowadays,GIS-aided statistical analysis provides new tools to explore these relationships.In order to detect the impact of topography on social factors,we selected the country of Montenegro as a case example due to its high topographic variability.We compared the spatial pattern of population,settlements and ethnic minorities to physical geographic factors,especially to topography,but lithology and land cover data were also taken into consideration.We found that certain factors are closely correlated,e.g.the settlement density linearly decreases with elevation,while the characteristic settlement area shows an exponential increase upwards.The population density is not related to absolute elevation,but it is in close correlation with height（i.e.elevation relative to the local minimum）.Population change and illiteracy are also topography-related social factors.On the contrary,the variable ethnic pattern of Montenegro is influenced by historical,political and economic effects rather than by environmental factors or topographic features.As a conclusion we state that in the scale of a country or a region,the environment can strongly impact some social factors.     

Analysis of creep settlement of pile groups in linear viscoelastic soil

This paper presents the analysis of creep settlement of pile groups for line pile groups, square pile groups, and rectangular pile groups undergoing creep settlements over a period of time. The soil is treated as a viscoelastic material and is modeled using a three-parameter viscoelastic model. The damping component (dashpot) takes care of the permanent time-dependent deformations in three-parameter viscoelastic model. An approach suggested by Mindlin has been employed to calculate the stress distribution along the pile length in a group. The viscoelastic problem is converted into an elastic problem by the application of Laplace transform. Results in the form of variation of interaction factors for parameters such as pile length to diameter ratio, pile spacing, Poisson's ratio, and modulus ratio have been presented. Comparison has been made between interaction factors for piles groups undergoing immediate settlements and creep settlements. Finally, a typical predictive example has been presented for a 3 × 3 pile group showing creep settlement. The load rearrangement due to creep settlements causes about 5% to 35% increase in base resistance over time. Interaction factors for pile groups (2 × 1, 3 × 1, 2 × 2, and 3 × 2) undergoing creep settlement is about 15% to 55% higher than the interaction factors considering only the immediate settlements for pile group spacing less than or equal to 5d.     

Analysis of lateral loading of pile groups using embedded beam elements with interaction surface

The numerical simulation of soil-pile interaction problems, by means of full 3D finite element models, involves a large number of degrees of freedom (DOF) and difficulties during the mesh generation process. In order to reduce the unknowns and simplify and properly analyze such class of geotechnical problems, the so-called embedded beam elements (EBE) have recently been developed. In a preceding contribution of the authors, an improved EBE formulation, which brings into play the soil-pile interaction surface, was proposed with the aim to localize material plasticity in the soil surrounding the pile. This embedded beam model couples two different finite elements, each described by distinct kinematics (ie, solid and beam). The coupling is incorporated in the formulation by means of kinematical constrains established over the solid and beam displacement fields on the interaction surface. One of the main advantages of the embedded elements is that the addition of beams structural members immersed within the 3D soil model does not represent a constraint for the solid mesh, which can be adopted independently from the beam mesh. In this paper, the lateral loading of pile groups is studied by means of the proposed EBE approach with elasto-plastic interfaces. In order to represent a rigid cap, a master node and a special set of kinematical restrictions are incorporated into the formulation. The paper presents results obtained by means of the present formulation compared against other well-established analysis methods and test results published in the literature, for both elastic and elasto-plastic cases.     

Different levels of macroalgal sampling resolution for pollution assessment

The effects of using reduced sampling resolutions to study macroalgal vegetation patterns have not been studied sufficiently. Here, we test the influence of taxonomic resolution level, removal of occasional species, aggregation of species abundances into functional groups and data transformation in the detection of a long-term recovery process by phytobenthic intertidal assemblages. Results indicate that the aggregation of species data into the genus level has very little influence. Likewise, almost any significant information is lost when occasional algae are removed. Analyses at the level of families and orders still clearly detect differences between highly degraded and reference vegetation. By contrast, analyses based on class and functional group abundances capture quite different information. The effect of transformation is similar at the different taxonomic levels. Most surrogate measures properly reflect changes in diversity. It is concluded that genus level is the most appropriate surrogate approach for detecting the recovery process.