汶川地震强震动地面倾斜研究

根据三分量强震动传感器水平摆和竖向摆对倾斜的动力响应差异,利用谱比法计算出汶川MS8.0地震中近断层强震动的断层法线方向和平行方向的同震地面倾斜. 结果表明, 本次地震中强震动观测台处地面倾斜一般小于1deg;,影响频段主要在0.1 Hz以下,发生较大倾斜的台站主要在距地表破裂迹线30 km以内,在100 km之外或水平向加速度幅值均方根在200 cm/s2以下时很少发生0.01deg;以上的同震地面倾斜．总体上看,上盘区域的倾斜值普遍小于下盘区域,法线方向倾斜值一般大于平行线方向倾斜值．位于前山断裂与中央断裂之间区域的绵竹清平台谱比较低但平缓且频带较宽,可能反应了该区域的运动特殊性,而汶川卧龙台则显示了上盘边缘区域地面倾斜较大．逆冲段与走滑段台站倾斜对比显示,地面倾斜可能受局部场地条件影响较大．      

Response of nonlinear soil‐MDOF structure systems subjected to distinct frequency‐content components of near‐fault ground motions

This paper is devoted to investigate the effects of near‐fault ground motions on the seismic responses of nonlinear MDOF structures considering soil‐structure interaction (SSI). Attempts are made to take into account the effects of different frequency‐content components of near‐fault records including pulse‐type (PT) and high‐frequency (HF) components via adopting an ensemble of 54 near‐fault ground motions. A deep sensitivity analysis is implemented based on the main parameters of the soil‐structure system. The soil is simulated based on the Cone model concept, and the superstructure is idealized as a nonlinear shear building. The results elucidate that SSI has approximately increasing and mitigating effects on structural responses to the PT and HF components, respectively. Also, a threshold period exists above which the HF component governs the structural responses. As the fundamental period of the structure becomes shorter and structural target ductility reduces, the contribution of the HF component to the structural responses increases, elaborately. Soil flexibility makes the threshold period increase, and the effect of the PT component becomes more significant than the HF one. In the case of soil‐structure system, slenderizing the structure also increases this threshold period and causes the PT component to be dominant. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

曹妃甸地区基坑支护降水方案选择及设计建议

首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司是一个在曹妃甸岛上吹填砂造地形成的场地上新建的大型现代化精品钢铁基地。分析了该建筑场地的地质环境情况和常用的基坑支护、降水方法,对该建筑场地上的建（构）筑物的基坑支护、降水设计及方案选择提出建议。     

Simulation of broadband seismic ground motions at dam canyons by using a deterministic numerical approach

As a deterministic numerical approach for simulation of earthquake ground motions, the spectral element method (SEM) is applied to generate a broadband acceleration array for dam-canyons instead of the traditional empirical or stochastic methods. Specifically, the SEM analysis model with an extra fine mesh is used for the Pacoima Canyon to simulate the entire path starting from earthquake source rupture via the propagation medium to the local site. The source and the 3D earth model (velocity structure) are validated through the modeling of the Newhall earthquake on 28 October 2012 at a frequency of up to 8 Hz. Subsequently, the San Fernando earthquake records on 13 January 2001 are further used to study the effects of propagation path in simulation. Finally, the spatially varying ground motions at the Pacoima Canyon are obtained for different source mechanisms. The results show that the source mechanism and the local site topography significantly affect the distribution of the peak accelerations along the canyon.     

大跨度拱桥地震动输入模式研究

地震动输入是大跨度桥梁地震反应分析的重要一环。从明确大跨度拱桥的临界跨度入手,探讨了大跨度拱桥地震动输入模式中的行波效应、三向输入及其地震动选取问题。基于某大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥,建立了有限元分析模型,考查了行波效应及三向地震动输入对拱关键截面内力、减隔震支座位移及粘滞阻尼器冲程的影响。结果表明:给出的大跨度拱桥临界跨度确定方法合理,行波效应对拱顶轴力有重要影响,不考虑三向地震动同时作用会明显低估大跨度拱桥的地震反应。确定大跨度拱桥地震动输入模式时需考虑行波效应与三向地震动同时输入。     

基于NNSIM随机有限断层法的7.0级九寨沟地震强地面运动场重建

北京时间2017年8月8日21时19分在四川阿坝州九寨沟县（北纬33.2°、东经103.8°）发生了7.0级地震,作者利用新提出的震源破裂过程控制的NNSIM随机有限断层方法,对震中约100 km范围内强地面运动进行了情景构建,并与研究区范围内的8个强震测震台观测记录进行了加速度、速度、反应谱对比,对比的一致性说明模拟过程中所应用的各种震源参数适合九寨沟7.0地震的近震源强地面运动重建.论文的后半部分基于相同参数模拟了九寨沟7.0级地震的近震源强地面运动场的空间分布,结果显示此次地震强地面运动的PGA、PGV以及反应谱分布均呈现出以震中为圆心的圆形分布,不具有大地震沿断层走向的分布特点.论文最后关于反应谱的讨论,揭示了此次九寨沟县城灾害不重的直接原因.

     

“天绘一号”卫星工程建设与应用

概括“天绘一号”卫星工程的建设历程和卫星系统的使命任务;介绍了卫星系统和相机载荷的能力与技术参数;重点阐述了“天绘一号”卫星无地面控制条件下的摄影测量关键技术, 包括LMCCD相机体制、航天摄影测量相机参数在轨标定技术以及无地面控制点条件的三线阵EFP影像平差技术等的运用, 通过工程实践, 达到了工程技术指标要求;最后介绍数据应用情况, 提出“天绘一号”卫星的发展设想, 为了解“天绘一号”卫星工程提供了基本参考。     

黄土路堑边坡土体水热变化特征现场监测研究

基于现场监测资料,对黄土路堑边坡坡面下土体水热变化规律进行分析研究.结果表明,左边坡坡面下土体温度高于右边坡,左边坡冻结期和冻结深度小于右边坡;右边坡含水率变化深度大于左边坡,水分在边坡5 cm以上浅层土体中迁移速度基本相同,在边坡坡面25 cm以下土体渗透性差异较大,左边坡迁移速度低于右坡;冬季左边坡坡面下浅层土体和右边坡观测范围内地温低于0℃,右边坡坡面25 cm以上对应的含水率为零,而左边坡浅层土体和右边坡25 cm以下土体含水率并不为零;干湿循环和冻融循环在左右边坡土体中的显著程度和影响深度不同.     

探地雷达在管线探测与工程勘察中的应用

简要地介绍了探地雷达的勘探原理,工作方法、技术,及其在工程勘察中的应用,并在前人的基础上,利用ＳＩＲ－２型探地雷达,寻找地下管线和确定工程地质界面,进行了一系列的实测工作,获得了高质、清晰、直观的ＧＰＲ图像。