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11.
研究了连续变量函数的全局最优化问题 ,给出了动态隧道方法。该动态隧道方法由局部搜索和动态隧道 2个阶段构成。在局部搜索阶段用了动态系统方法。对全局最优化问题的实例进行了数值实验 ,数值结果表明了该方法的稳健性和有效性。 相似文献
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Francesco Fassò 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1995,62(1):43-69
This paper deals with Hamiltonian perturbation theory for systems which, like Euler-Poinsot (the rigid body with a fixed point and no torques), are degenerate and do not possess a global system of action-angle coordinates. It turns out that the usual methods of perturbation theory, which are essentially local being based on the construction of normal forms within the domain of a local coordinate system, are not immediately usable to study perturbations of these systems, since degeneracy makes impossible to control that the system does not fall into a singularity of the coordinates. To overcome this difficulty, we develop a global formulation of Hamiltonian perturbation theory, in which the normal forms are globally defined on the phase space manifold. The key for this study lies in the geometry of the fibration by the invariant tori of an integrable degenerate Hamiltonian system, which is described by some generalizations of the Liouville-Arnol'd theorem and is reviewed in the paper. As an application, we provide a global formulation of Nekhoroshev's theorem on the stability for exponentially long times. 相似文献
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与低海拔地区相比,青藏高原的太阳辐射、水分条件、氧分压、气温等环境条件都有明显差异,青藏高原的植物在细胞壁厚度、栅栏细胞层数、通气组织大小、异细胞数量和分布、表皮附属物类型等方面与低海拔地区的相比也有较大的不同。综述了在青藏高原特殊的生态条件下,植物在形态和解剖方面的适应性表现,分析了该领域目前的研究特点和存在的一些问题,并在全球环境变化背景下,对其发展前景进行了展望,指出了未来的发展趋势。 相似文献
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The place of individuals in the politics of scale 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Julie Cidell 《Area》2006,38(2):196-203
Conceptualizations and re-conceptualizations of scale have been powerful tools for explaining spatial processes that transcend traditionally-bounded territories. Examining the role of individuals within a politics of scale can do even more to explain multi-scalar conflicts. This paper does so by examining struggles over airport expansion in the US, showing how an understanding of the various roles of individuals in the politics of scale – as sites of multiple scales, as actors constituting other scales, and as scales in and of themselves – better explains multi-scalar conflicts and offers more opportunities for resolving them. 相似文献
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Brian Murton 《New Zealand geographer》2006,62(1):25-38
Abstract: This paper examines how the cultural politics of resource management were played out on the North Kaipara beach between about 1900 and 1971 between Māori and the representative of the Crown, the Marine Department. Particular attention is devoted to how, after regulations were introduced to protect toheroa, the giant surf clam, Māori struggled to assert their rights through a range of transgressions. The paper argues that this illustrates how cultural politics works both from the top down (the Marine Department's implementation of policy) and the bottom up (Māori resistance). It concludes that through an examination of this particular 'culture war', the foreshore emerges as a contested domain where politics, culture and epistemology are inseparable. 相似文献
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A general tomographic technique is designed in order (i) to operate in anisotropic media; (ii) to account for the uneven seismic sampling and (iii) to handle massive data sets in a reasonable computing time. One modus operandi to compute a 3-D body wave velocity model relies on surface wave phase velocity measurements. An intermediate step, shared by other approaches, consists in translating, for each period of a given mode branch, the phase velocities integrated along ray paths into local velocity perturbations. To this end, we develop a method, which accounts for the azimuthal anisotropy in its comprehensive form. The weakly non-linear forward problem allows to use a conjugate gradient optimization. The Earth's surface is regularly discretized and the partial derivatives are assigned to the individual grid points. Possible lack of lateral resolution, due to the inescapable uneven ray path coverage, is taken into account through the a priori covariances on parameters with laterally variable correlation lengths. This method allows to efficiently separate the 2ψ and the 4ψ anisotropic effects from the isotropic perturbations. Fundamental mode and overtone phase velocity maps, derived with real Rayleigh wave data sets, are presented and compared with previous maps. The isotropic models concur well with the results of Trampert & Woodhouse. Large 4ψ heterogeneities are located in the tectonically active regions and over the continental lithospheres such as North America, Antarctica or Australia. At various periods, a significant 4ψ signature is correlated with the Hawaii hotspot track. Finally, concurring with the conclusions of Trampert & Woodhouse, our phase velocity maps show that Rayleigh wave data sets do need both 2ψ and 4ψ anisotropic terms. 相似文献
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迎接寒武系全球年代地层的新划分——2004年版“国际地层表”述评 总被引:9,自引:4,他引:9
评述了国际地层委员会最新公布的2 0 0 4年版“国际地层表”的寒武系部分,包括它的底界全球层型和点位的确定和存在的问题、寒武系当前的再划分情况、芙蓉统和排碧阶及其底界全球层型剖面和点位、寒武系的时代跨度。介绍了全球寒武系年代地层的研究方向和正在表决中的全球寒武系最新划分方案。讨论了与我国寒武系年代地层的划分和建立地方性、区域性年代地层系统的相关问题 相似文献