基于三维有限元分析的土钉支护结构优化设计研究

通过建立三维有限元模型，对土钉支护的变形和受力性能进行分析，得出土钉力的合理分布。在此基础上，考虑土钉支护的水平位移，采用遗传算法＋复合形法，对土钉支护的结构优化设计进行研究，建立了土钉支护结构的优化设计数学模型，并编制了相应的计算程序。通过算例分析，并与基于极限平衡分析的优化结果相比较，得出合理的土钉支护结构设计的参考结论。     

副热带高压强度变化的模糊聚类诊断预测

采用模糊C均值聚类 (FCM)、遗传算法 (GA) 和模糊减法聚类 (FSC) 交叉融合、优势互补思想进行副热带高压影响因子的综合聚类分析和副热带高压指数的诊断预测。在统计分析的基础上, 通过选择若干与副热带高压指数关系密切的影响因子构成了高维特征空间, 进行了综合聚类分析, 实现了副热带高压指数的聚类判别和诊断预测。该文提出的综合聚类方法既可克服FCM/GA算法全局/局部寻优的不足, 又可客观确定聚类数目。试验结果表明, 该方法具有良好的分类效果, 判别结果与实况基本相符。     

基于智能遗传算法和Otsu法的多目标图像分割方法

介绍了一种基于智能遗传算法和Otsu法的多目标图像分割方法,实现了对多目标影像相对传统算法更快速、稳定的分割。     

基于测距信号强度最大原理的自动化测量

介绍了一种基于测距信号强度最大原理进行目标的自动搜寻、照准与测量的基本工作原理、方法与实现过程,分析了其适合于作为固定站用于无人看守的危险地区的长期变形监测。     

Optimization strategies for sediment reduction practices on roads in steep,forested terrain

Many forested steeplands in the western United States display a legacy of disturbances due to timber harvest, mining or wildfires, for example. Such disturbances have caused accelerated hillslope erosion, leading to increased sedimentation in fish‐bearing streams. Several restoration techniques have been implemented to address these problems in mountain catchments, many of which involve the removal of abandoned roads and re‐establishing drainage networks across road prisms. With limited restoration funds to be applied across large catchments, land managers are faced with deciding which areas and problems should be treated first, and by which technique, in order to design the most effective and cost‐effective sediment reduction strategy. Currently most restoration is conducted on a site‐specific scale according to uniform treatment policies. To create catchment‐scale policies for restoration, we developed two optimization models – dynamic programming and genetic algorithms – to determine the most cost‐effective treatment level for roads and stream crossings in a pilot study basin with approximately 700 road segments and crossings. These models considered the trade‐offs between the cost and effectiveness of different restoration strategies to minimize the predicted erosion from all forest roads within a catchment, while meeting a specified budget constraint. The optimal sediment reduction strategies developed by these models performed much better than two strategies of uniform erosion control which are commonly applied to road erosion problems by land managers, with sediment savings increased by an additional 48 to 80 per cent. These optimization models can be used to formulate the most cost‐effective restoration policy for sediment reduction on a catchment scale. Thus, cost savings can be applied to further restoration work within the catchment. Nevertheless, the models are based on erosion rates measured on past restoration sites, and need to be updated as additional monitoring studies evaluate long‐term basin response to erosion control treatments. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于遗传算法的道路网综合模型

提出了一种基于遗传算法的道路网综合模型。实验表明，该模型在保持道路网的空间分布性和实用性方面具有庭好的效果。     

基于变化检测的视频对象提取及后继帧的对象跟踪

提出一种多尺度帧间边界变化检测方法，将当前图像划分为变化区域和非变化区域，变化区域内采用基于Hausdorff距离跟踪器找到对象在后继帧的最佳匹配位置；然后利用Snake模型拟合该位置上的非刚性形变，得到对象真实边缘；最后采用一种基于距离变换的最短路径法使开环闭合。     

地下流体动态的观测环境干扰影响距离研究

根据我国地震地下流体动态干扰因素及其影响的调研结果,以井区水文地质条件分区,观测含水层性分类与渗透性分级为基础,研究了各类干扰源的影响距离,给出了干扰源与观测井间的最小距离即干扰源的最大影响距离,为地震台站观测环境保护提供了标准。     

RTL时间扫描方法在冀鲁豫交界地区的应用研究

“区域-时间-长度算法”(region-time-lengthalgorithm,简称RTL算法)是一种检测地震活动水平相对变化的计算方法,利用该算法对冀鲁豫交界地区1980年以来的ML5.0以上地震进行了回顾性检验,发现震前都达到了VRTL异常指标,说明该地区ML5以上地震前,地震活动水平相对于背景活动水平都有明显变化。通过RTL算法对异常进行量化,对以后该区的5级以上地震活动情况具有一定的预报能力。     

Genetic algorithm in seismic waveform inversion and its application in deep seismic sounding data interpretation

A genetic algorithm of body waveform inversion is presented for better understanding of crustal and upper mantle structures with deep seismic sounding （DSS） waveform data. General reflection and transmission synthetic seismogram algorithm, which is capable of calculating the response of thin alternating high and low velocity layers, is applied as a solution for forward modeling, and the genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal solution of the inverse problem. Numerical tests suggest that the method has the capability of resolving low-velocity layers, thin alternating high and low velocity layers, and noise suppression. Waveform inversion using P-wave records from Zeku, Xiahe and Lintao shots in the seismic wide-angle reflection/refraction survey along northeastern Qinghai-Xizang （Tibeteau） Plateau has revealed fine structures of the bottom of the upper crust and alternating layers in the middle/lower crust and topmost upper mantle.