Comparison of Kuqa foreland basin with Persian Gulf Basin in salt tectonics

Compared Kuqa foreland basin with Persian Gulf Basin in development of salt layers, salt tectonics, and the relation between salt tectonics and hydrocarbon, it is concluded that the salt diapirs are relative to hydrocarbon. Searching salt diapirs and related traps in Kuqa foreland basin is important. The forming mechanism of salt tectonic in Kuqa foreland basin is different from that of Hormuz Series, but similar to that of Lower Fars Series/Gachsaran Formation. Inspired by the role of salt tectonics of Lower Fars Series/Gachsaran Formation in hydrocarbon accumulation, the authors considered that the exploration below salt layer should be enforced, and the traps below salt layer in the southern part of the Kuqa foreland basin would be found where salt layer is thicker. On the contrary, the traps should be found both above and below the salt layer in front of the northern mountain where salt layer is thin. The Triassic and Jurassic source rocks are rich in this area with great exploration prospective.     

基于智能体的自适应入侵检测系统

提出了一种基于智能体技术的自适应入侵检测系统体系结构,将智能体技术和自适应模型生成技术应用于入侵检测系统中.智能体技术的应用解决了传统的集中式入侵检测系统的弊病,将任务处理和数据分布到网络各个结点上,通过各种智能体来协作完成入侵检测任务,充分利用网络和主机资源.而智能体与自适应模型生成技术相结合,采用遗传算法建立准确的数据模型,使得入侵检测系统能够自动配置和更新不同环境下的入侵检测模型,能够通过自我学习、自我改进来提高系统的入侵检测能力和适应能力.     

GPS掩星技术和电离层反演

系统地介绍了GPS无线电掩星技术的发展现状、系统组成和一些关键技术；论述了利用GPS掩星数据进行电离层反演的理论、模型及相应的计算流程．并结合GPS／MET和CHAMP卫星的实测资料，计算了电子密度剖面，与用其他方法所得结果的对比表明．GPS掩星电离层观测具有精度高、覆盖范围大等特点；最后讨论了GPS掩星技术应用于地震前兆监测的机理和前景。     

我国数字化形变台网技术系统

介绍了“九五”期间建设的我国第三代数字化形变台网技术系统的构成、观测仪器的性能指标及台站的分布,剖析了数字化形变台站的数据流程、功能界面与使用数据采集器的基本要求。数字化台网2001—2004年基本运行情况为：台网的130台(套)数字化形变仪器(除1套外)皆已投入监测并产出连续观测资料．其中．90％以上达到Ⅰ类标准,这些结果反映了数字化形变台网良好的监测运行情况。     

Status of Satellite Orbit Determination and Time Synchronization Technology for Global Navigation Satellite Systems

In the form of satellite ephemerides and clock parameters, the space datum and system time information of one global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is transferred to users. With the continuous updating in the satellite payload such as the high-precision atomic clock, the monitoring and tracking technique such as the inter-satellite link, and in the data processing technique, the accuracy and real-time performance of the satellite ephemeris and clock error products are steadily improved. Starting from December 27th, 2018, the BeiDou Navigation System 3, or BDS-3, has provided the accurate and reliable basic positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) service for the users in the countries within the “one belt and one road”. This paper has summarized the faced challenges of the precise orbit determination and time synchronization from the regional BDS-2 system to the BDS-3 global system, and the specific solutions at the control segment. In addition, this paper has compared the BDS with other GNSS systems in terms of technical characteristics. Finally, aiming at a higher accuracy and more reliable PNT service, the road map of precise orbit determination and time synchronization technique for the next generation navigation systems is discussed, which will provide a reference for developing the global navigation satellite systems with an even higher accuracy.     

Can the ten-dimensional phase prior to Calabi-Yau splitting of the super-string phase generate the primordial entropy of the universe?

It is shown that the primordial entropy of the universe can be generated in the residual phase prior to Calabi-Yau splitting and following the passing to the field theory limit of the heterotic super-string in ten space-time dimensions, wherein matter is represented by either a radiative equation of state or the equation of state for stiff matter.     

Vortical mechanism for generation of astrophysical jets

A vortical mechanism for generation of astrophysical jets is proposed based on exact solutions of the hydrodynamic equations with a generalized Rankine vortex. It is shown that the development of a Rankine vortex in the polar layer of a rotating gravitating body creates longitudinal fluxes of matter that converge toward the vortex trunk, providing an exponential growth in the angular rotation velocity of the trunk and a pressure drop on its axis. The increased rotational velocity of the vortex trunk and the on-axis pressure drop cease when the discontinuity in the azimuthal velocity at the surface of the trunk reaches the sound speed. During this time, ever deeper layers of the gravitating body are brought into the vortical motion, while the longitudinal velocity of the flow along the vortex trunk builds up, producing jet outflows of mass from its surface. The resulting vortices are essentially dissipationless. Dedicated to the 100-th birthday of Academician V. A. Ambartsumyan __________ Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 201–218 (May 2008).     

Ion acceleration and Alfvén wave generation at the Earth’s bow shock

The processes of ion acceleration and Alfvén wave generation by accelerated particles at the Earth’s bow shock are studied within a quasi-linear approach. Steady-state ion and wave spectra are shown to be established in a time of 0.3–4 h, depending on the background level of Alfvénic turbulence in the solar wind. The Alfvén waves produced by accelerated ions are confined within the frequency range 10^?2–1 Hz and their spectral peak with a wave amplitude βB ～ B comparable to the interplanetary magnetic field strength B corresponds to the frequency v = (2–3) × 10^?2 Hz. The high-frequency part of the wave spectrum (v > 0.2 Hz) undergoes damping by thermal ions. The calculated spectra of the accelerated ions and the Alfvén waves generated by them reproduce the main features observed in experiments.     

NTSC的守时工作进展

概括介绍了中国科学院国家授时中心（简称NTSC）时间基准系统的组成、功能和相关工作的最新进展情况。NTSC负责我国标准时间的产生、保持和发播。多年来,NTSC的守时系统以完美的表现满足了国家大科学装置—长、短波授时系统的发播控制任务的要求。2008年度,NTSC的守时工作取得突破性进展,实现的指标综合排名于全球实验室的2～3位,我国守时工作已经跻身世界前列,NTSC已成为国际原子时合作单位中最重要的守时实验室之一。     

Impacts of Coastal Reclamation on Natural Wetlands in Large River Deltas in China

Little information is available on the impacts of coastal reclamation on wetland loss in large-river deltas at a regional scale.Using remote sensing data of coastal wetland and reclamation in four deltas in China from 1978 to 2014, we tracked their continuous area changes in four periods: 1978–1990, 1990–2000, 2000–2008, and 2008–2014. The areal relation between wetland loss and reclamation was quantified and used to identify coastal reclamation mode intensity coupled with another three indicators: reclamation rate,accretion rate and land-use intensity of coastal reclamation. The results showed that coastal reclamation driven by economic development reduced, or even reverse the original growth of delta which was determined by the offset between wetland acceleration rate and wetland loss rate. Generally, the area of reclamation showed a positive linear correlation with the area of wetland loss. The findings imply that human activities should control reclamation rate and intensity to alleviate total wetland loss and maintain wetland ’net gain’.Inappropriate coastal reclamation modes can magnify total wetland loss;therefore, coastal reclamation with a slow increment rate and low impervious surface percent is of great importance for sustainable development in future coastal management.