燕辽裂陷带辽西拗陷中元古界高于庄组生物标志化合物特征及意义

燕辽裂陷带辽西拗陷多口钻井钻遇油气显示,使得该地区中—新元古界的古老海相地层再次成为油气勘探及研究的焦点.采用气相色谱、气相色谱-质谱技术,对辽凌地1井中元古界高于庄组岩心样品开展烃源岩生物标志化合物研究,据此分析了其生源信息、沉积环境及生烃潜力.综合分析认为,辽凌地1井高于庄组属于差—中等烃源岩,有机质类型Ⅱ,型,整...     

GIS支持下计算格网自动生成技术

计算格网生成是流体力学数值模拟过程中的一项主要工作,以往普遍采用手工剖分方法,其结果对数值模拟产生很大影响。将地理信息系统(GIS)技术引入格网生成过程,利用计算机自动生成计算格网,并在此基础上讨论了以GIS为主控过程的集成数值模拟环境及其功能。     

Characteristics of hydrocarbon generation from organic macerals in Jurassic coal measures, Xinjiang, China

The Jurassic coals of the Junggar and Turpan-Hami basins, Xinjiang, China, are characterized by abundant vitrinite. Microscopic analysis of Junggar coal samples indicates that they contain desmocollinite and hydrogen-rich vitrinite with a low reflectivity. The hydrocarbon-generating potential of various macerais follows the decreasing order of exinite > vitrinite > inertinite. However, desmocollinite is a principal maceral for hydrocarbon generation in this area because the content of vitrinite is higher than that of exinite. Data from simulating experiments and infrared spectra show that the hydrocarbon-generating process occurred primarily at the lower-mature stage in the Middle-Lower Jurassic coal measures. Generally, crude oil from the Qigu oilfield has a close similarity in hopanoid distribution to the vitrinite and exinite from the Jurassic strata with C₂₃-C₃₂ pentacyclic triterpanes and γ-lupane being present. The distribution of steranes is also similar. C₂₉-sitostane is dominant and Q₂₇ ergostane is subordinate. Only a trace amount of cholestane is present. All this suggests that the crude oil from the Qigu oilfield was derived from Jurassic coal measures.     

新型氢化物发生技术——可移动还原床氢化物发生器：Ⅱ.可移动还原床氢 …

发展了一种新型的氢化物发生技术－可移动还原床氢化物发生器,可以实现微升级样品的分析而不需要对样品进行酸化和使用气－液分离器。给出了装置的结构,操作,试验并优化了固体还原剂与有机酸的质量配比,反应腔体体积,进样量等反应条件。该技术易于实现自动化,可作为液相色谱,毛细管电泳和其他色谱技术与光谱检测技术之间的接口。     

HG-AFS仪双道测定铋汞时的光谱干扰及其消除

在氢化物－原子荧光光谱分析(HG－AＦS)双道测定铋汞时,铋原子在高温热能和汞光源辐射能的共同作用下,部分电子受激跃迁产生弱荧光谱线(如 Bi253．66 nm),这些谱线与汞产生的共振波长(Hg253．65 nm)相互重叠,对汞的测定产生干扰。该干扰具有一定的规律性,可以通过数学计算的方式予以消除。文章对干扰的产生,影响因素,生成机理进行了研究,提出了消除干扰的数学模式,并将其应用于1:20×10     

Simulation of directional waves in a numerical basin by a desingularized integral equation approach

A numerical solution is developed to investigate the generation and propagation of small-amplitude water waves in a semi-infinite rectangular wave basin. The three-dimensional wave field is produced by the prescribed “snake-like” motion of an array of segmented wave generators located along the wall at one end of the tank. The solution technique is based on the boundary element approach and uses an appropriate three-dimensional Green function which explicitly satisfies the tank-wall boundary conditions. The Green function and its derivatives which appear in the integral equation formulation can be shown to be slowly convergent when the source and field points are in close proximity. Therefore, when computing the velocity potentials on the wave generators, the source points are chosen outside the fluid domain, thereby ensuring the rapid convergence of these functions and rendering the integral equations non-singular. Numerical results are shown which illustrate the influence of the various wavemaker and basin parameters on the generated wave field. Finally, the complete wave field produced by the diffraction of oblique waves by a vertical circular cylinder in a basin is presented.     

A study of the kinetic parameters of individual macerals from Upper Permian coals in South China via open-system pyrolysis

A unique Upper Permian coal, Leping coal, is widely distributed in South China. The coal samples studied in the paper were collected from two mines in the Shuicheng coalfield of Guizhou Province, southwest China. The geochemical works including coal petrography, maceral content, Rock–Eval pyrolysis, and kinetic modelling of hydrocarbon-generating have been carried out on whole coal and individual macerals. The higher contents of volatile matter, elemental hydrogen, and tar yield, and the high hydrocarbon generation potential of the Leping coals are attributed to their high content of “barkinite”, a special liptinite maceral.The hydrocarbon generation potential of “barkinite” (S₂=287 mg/g, hydrogen index (HI)=491 mg/g TOC) is greater than that of vitrinite (S₂=180 mg/g, HI=249 mg/g TOC), and much higher than that of fusinite (S₂=24 mg/g, HI=35 mg/g TOC). At the same experimental conditions, “barkinite” has a higher threshold and a narrower “oil window” than those of vitrinite and fusinite, and consequently, can generate more hydrocarbons in higher coalification temperature and shorter geological duration. Data from the activation energy distributions indicate that “barkinite” has a more homogenous chemical structure than that of vitrinite and fusinite. The above-mentioned characteristics are extremely important for exploring hydrocarbon derived from the Leping coals in South China.     

烃源岩催化生烃机制研究进展

本文扼要综述了国内外在热模拟催化生烃领域的研究进展,并针对其存在问题或不足之处,提出了新的研究思路,设计了新的实验方案,对烃源岩催化生烃机理和过程进行定量的研究,建立定量的催化反应速率数学模型和催化生烃产离数学模型,并制作成可操作的计算软件,划分出起正催化作用和反催化作用的催化剂。在研究过程中,全面考虑某生油岩中的所有粘土矿物和地下水中的无机盐类对生烃的催化作用,即系统地分别考虑生油岩中存在的各单     

酒东盆地热演化史与油气关系研究

酒东盆地是由两期不同性质、不同世代盆地叠合而成。早、中侏罗世-早白垩世为拉张盆地,第三纪以来为挤压坳陷盆地。酒东盆地现今地温梯度及大地热流值较低,分别为300℃/100m及51mW/m2。营尔凹陷中生代晚期地温梯度高于现今地温梯度,可达350～420℃/100m;新生代以来大幅沉降,地温梯度降低,烃源岩的热演化程度受现今地温场控制。盆地热演化史与油气关系研究表明营尔凹陷下白垩统赤金堡组烃源岩主生油期有两期,分别在早白垩世晚期及第三纪以来。下白垩统下沟组和中沟组烃源岩主生油期仅有一次,主要为上新世以来。营尔凹陷有良好的找油前景。     

激光荧光显微探针:方法及应用

近年来研究沉积有机物的激光诱导荧光特笥和发展基于激光的荧光显微探针技术日益受到人们的重视。采用ＦＡＭＭ－９８激光荧光显微探针研究了烃源岩显微组分。研究表明,激光荧光显微探针的微束特性使 乎可以对任何显微镜下呆辨认的有机物质颗粒进行微区分析。在激光的诱导下,所有显微组分都会产生可检测到的荧光讯号。显微组分受激光束辐照最终时刻的荧光强度（Ｆ４００）以及最终荧光强度／初始荧光强度比值（Ｆ４００／Ｆo）是