关于地勘行业事业单位人力资源管理的思考—以中央地质勘查基金管理中心为例

随着经济的不断发展,人力资源管理受到越来越多的关注,如何通过加强人力资源管理,提高组织绩效是值得思考的问题。地质矿产勘查是整个矿产行业中重要的组成部分,受我国经济体制的影响,事业体制单位是勘查主体的重要构成。该文选择中央地质勘查基金管理中心作为研究对象,通过对该单位人力资源管理的分析,发现存在人力资源管理与组织发展战略联系不紧密、缺乏灵活有效的人力资源管理机制、组织文化建设滞后和绩效管理薄弱等问题。建议建立与组织目标相契合的人力资源管理体系,优化人力资源配置,完善绩效管理,加强员工培训,构筑组织文化。     

地勘单位实行两个转变中的设备管理

在实行“两个转变”中，地勘单位的设备管理要适应市场经济需要，紧密结合地勘单位在开发新产品、新工艺以及生产装备更新的需求，实现管理科学化、现代化、集约化，步入良性循环。     

Funding public adaptation to climate-related disasters. Estimates for a global fund

Managing disaster risk is increasingly being considered a key line of response in climate adaptation. While funding support for adaptation has been pledged, rationales for support and cost implications are essentially unclear, which may explain why financing is currently only forthcoming at low levels. Various estimates for the costs of adaptation have been suggested, yet the rationale and robustness of the estimates have been difficult to verify. Focusing on weather-related extreme events, we conduct a global assessment of the public finance costs for financially managing extreme event risks. In doing so, we assess countries’ fiscal disaster vulnerability, which we operationalize as the public sector's ability to pay for relief to the affected population and support the reconstruction of lost assets and infrastructure. Methods employed include minimum-distance techniques to estimate the tail behaviour of country disaster risks as well as the inclusion of non-linear loss and financing resources relationships. We find that many countries appear fiscal vulnerable and would require assistance from the donor community in order to bolster their fiscal resilience. Our estimates may inform decisions pertaining to a global fund for absorbing different levels of country risks. We find the costs of funds covering different risk layers to be in the lower billions of dollars annually, compared to estimates of global climate adaptation which reach to more than USD 100 billion annually. Our estimates relate to today's climate, and while disaster losses have currently not been robustly linked to climate change, physical science has made a strong case in attributing changes in climate extremes to anthropogenic Climate Change. We suggest that estimates of current weather variability and related risks, although also associated with substantial uncertainty, can be interpreted as a baseline for discussion and any future projections of risks.     

县域畜禽养殖场空间布局规划适宜性评价

为更好地进行城郊畜禽养殖场的空间布局规划,利用德尔菲法和层次分析法确定了城郊畜禽养殖场空间布局规划适宜性评价影响因子及权重,并在此基础上构建了县域畜禽养殖场空间布局规划适宜性综合评价指标体系,最后以北京市大兴区为例实现了以地块为单元的县域畜禽养殖场空间布局规划适宜性评价。研究表明:大兴区大部分区域属于禁养区和不适宜区,但有占总面积的34%的土地适宜发展畜禽养殖场,且适宜区域充分考虑了畜禽养殖场对环境污染影响,符合北京市都市型现代农业的发展需求。     

The Council at Work: An Open Letter to the Membership

Abstract

Funding for the improvement of geography at the precollegiate level has increased dramatically, both in the amount of money raised and the number of funders making grants. Nevertheless, geography is still not high on the priority list of most funders. Geographic educators must present a stronger case to potential funding agencies. Grant seekers must define geography appropriately, plan for at least the next five years, inventory the resources available to move forward, and be sure to emphasize the present-day relevance of geography' s subject matter. Six essential elements for fund raisers are listed, and a short caution concerning potential conflicts of interest is offered.     

2003年中国地震救灾评价

2003年，中国地震灾害救援取得巨大成就。中央地震应急资金在震后1～2天拨付到灾区，大大增强了地震救灾的能力；救灾物资走向标准化；建立中央救灾物资储备库；地震紧急救援队开始发挥作用。但在救援物资调度上还有待改进。     

Chemical evolution of disposal brine of the Cerro Prieto geothermal field during its transport toward surrounding soils, Mexico

The exceeding brines of Cerro Prieto Geothermal Field (CPGF) are disposed into a lagoon and part of them infiltrate into the upper aquifer. This work describes the geochemical processes of how geothermal brine reaches the soils to the south and southwest of CPGF according to local flow lines from piezometric measurements. Soil and groundwater samples were collected and analyzed in the CPGF and the surrounding area. The model was divided into three stages: (a) Capillary rising-evaporation; (b) Mixture: geothermal brine-irrigation water and (c) Mixture-capillary rising-evaporation. The modeling was carried out taking into account the saturation stage of each solution. The mixture models and evaporation process were carried out considering a mass balance. The proposed model shows the pollution processes due to power generation through accumulation of evaporation pond soluble salts on agricultural lands in the CPGF surrounding area.     

The urban political ecology of plastic bag waste problem in Nairobi, Kenya

Over 24 million plastic bags are consumed in Kenya monthly. More than half of the bags end up in the solid waste stream. Plastic bags now constitute the biggest challenge to solid waste management in Nairobi, the capital of Kenya and home to three million people. As a result, plastic bag waste has attracted great political and public attention, especially because the waste has myriad unique environmental problems. This paper seeks to unravel the problem of plastic bag waste in Nairobi through an urban political ecological perspective. Urban political ecology has done much to excavate economic, political, and cultural processes, as well as ecological dynamics that create and re-create urban environments. Little has been done in this context with respect to urban solid waste problems, with the exception of urban political ecology of environmental justice. However, research done within the context of urban political ecology of environmental justice has mainly focused on solid waste problems in the Western World, particularly USA. Drawing on research conducted in Nairobi, as well literature on business and politics, and solid waste management in Kenya, this paper examines the nature of plastic bag waste problem, its political–economic roots and implications for environmental justice.     

陕西华阴兴乐坊遗址家养动物的饲养模式及对先民肉食资源的贡献

通过动物骨的稳定同位素(C、N)分析,揭示家养动物的饲养模式及对先民肉食资源的贡献,是动物考古研究的重要组成之一.关中地区,是庙底沟文化(约5500年前)的主要核心分布区域之一.目前,对该地区和该时间段内家养动物的饲养模式及对先民肉食资源的贡献,尚缺乏足够的认识.为此,本文对陕西兴乐坊遗址出土动物与人骨开展了C、N稳定同位素分析,并对其中4个猪骨进行AMS-14C测年.同位素数据结果显示:野生动物(獐、青羊、梅花鹿)栖息于C3类的植被环境,家养动物(猪、狗)和人,则主要以C4类为食.3个猪个体的年代为5449~5300 cal.B.P.,而1个猪个体年代偏晚(4089~3985 cal.B.P.),其同位素数据也异于其他个体.结合该遗址的植物考古资料(粟和黍具有高的出土概率),认为:家养动物(猪和狗)饲喂了大量以粟类作物的副产品或者人类的残羹冷炙(粪便).根据食物链从生产者至消费者的同位素分馏效应(δ13 C值约富集1‰,δ15N值约富集3‰~5‰),比较了先民与野生动物以及家养动物的同位素数据,发现先民与猪的δ13 C和 δ15N值的差异最小(0.2‰和1.9‰),这反映了先民的肉食资源应主要源于家猪.家猪的饲养和管理,为庙底沟文化的快速发展奠定了深厚的物质和经济基础.此外,1例梅花鹿角具有偏正的δ13C值(-13.2‰),暗示发达的粟作农业还为先民尝试驯养其他野生动物(如鹿)提供了可能.     

中国沿岸近期多年月平均海面随机动态分析

本文以最大熵谱分析了中国沿岸15个站1971～1995年月平均海面序列,得出中国沿岸月平均海面的主要振动为年振动和半年振动,而主要低频周期在中国北方各站为18.6a,从长途至厦门各站为9a左右.然后以随机动态拟合分析方法计算出中国沿岸月平均海面相对上升速率范围为(1.07±0.83)mm/a,并同时指出该方法计算出的上升速率受时段长度及低频周期的影响.最后,给出了中国沿岸月平均海面变异的时空分布,并说明了厄尔尼诺现象主要影响中国南部沿海的月均海面.