生产条件下冻结岩石钻进的试验研究——冻土钻探专题之三

介绍了俄罗斯有关单位在上钻进冻结岩石的情况，其中包括冷却空气洗井钻进，泡沫洗井钻进，冲洗液洗井钻进的情况，提出了相应的建议。     

百色盆地那读组层序分析与生储盖组合

通过野外露头、钻井岩心、测井曲线和地震资料的综合分析,在识别出 4类不同成因类型和规模的层序界面基础上,将百色盆地那读组划分为 1个超长期、5个长期和 16个中期基准面旋回层序。并详细地讨论了层序与生储盖组合的关系,指出生储盖组合特征与长期基准面旋回关系最为密切,有利储层发育位置主要出现在长期基准面上升半旋回的早中期和下降半旋回的中晚期,转换面附近则是烃源岩和盖层的发育位置;各长期旋回层序的生储盖组合具不同特征,明显受基准面升降幅度、频率及其所影响的相组合、可容纳空间和A/S值变化控制;按生储盖组合在垂向和纵向上的配置关系,可划分为上生下储、下生上储、侧向运移等 3种基本组合类型。     

Evaluating model of frozen soil environment change under engineering actions

The change of frozen soil environment is evaluated by permafrost thermal stability, thermal thaw sensibility and surface landscape stability and the quantitatively evaluating model of frozen soil environment is proposed in this paper. The evaluating model of frozen soil environment is calculated by 28 ground temperature measurements along Qinghai-Xizang Highway. The relationships of thermal thaw sensibility and freezing and thawing processes and seasonally thawing depth, thermal stability and permafrost table temperature, mean annual ground temperature and seasonally thawing depth, and surface landscape stability and freezing and thawing hazards and their forming possibility are analyzed. The results show that thermal stability, thermal thaw sensibility and surface landscape stability can be used to evaluate and predict the change of frozen soil environment under human engineering action.     

ISDN多媒体卡拨号上网的研究与设计

研究在已实现可视通信的ISDN多媒体卡上，通过芯片的功能复用，设计一个驱动程序模型，以实现ISDN多媒体卡的拨号上网功能。简要介绍了ISDN接入因特网的通信协议体系，详细探讨了ISDND信道的呼叫过程，分析了拨号上网原理有如何与Widnows系统的远程访问服务结构相结合。给出了一个基于NDIS标准的ISDN多媒体卡的小端口驱动程序的设计与实现方案。     

Geochemistry of Peruvian near-surface sediments

Sixteen short sediment cores were recovered from the upper edge (UEO), within (WO) and below (BO) the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) off Peru during cruise 147 of R/V Sonne. Solids were analyzed for major/trace elements, total organic carbon, total inorganic carbon, total sulfur, the stable sulfur isotope composition (δ³⁴S) of pyrite, and sulfate reduction rates (SRR). Pore waters were analyzed for dissolved sulfate/sulfide and δ³⁴S of sulfate. In all cores highest SRR were observed in the top 5 cm where pore water sulfate concentrations varied little due to resupply of sulfate by sulfide oxidation and/or diffusion of sulfate from bottom water. δ³⁴S of dissolved sulfate showed only minor downcore increases. Strong ³²S enrichments in sedimentary pyrite (to −48‰ vs. V-CDT) are due to processes in the oxidative part of the sulfur cycle in addition to sulfate reduction. Manganese and Co are significantly depleted in Peruvian upwelling sediments most likely due to mobilization from particles settling through the OMZ, whereas release of both elements from reducing sediments only seems to occur in near-coastal sites. Cadmium, Mo and Re are exceptionally enriched in WO sediments (<600 m water depth). High Re and moderate Cd and Mo enrichments are seen in BO sediments (>600 m water depth). Re/Mo ratios indicate anoxic and suboxic conditions for WO and BO sediments, respectively. Cadmium and Mo downcore profiles suggest considerable contribution to UEO/WO sediments by a biodetrital phase, whereas Re presumably accumulates via diffusion across the sediment-water interface to precipitation depth. Uranium is distinctly enriched in WO sediments (due to sulfidic conditions) and in some BO sediments (due to phosphorites). Silver transfer to suboxic BO sediments is likely governed by diatomaceous matter input, whereas in anoxic WO sediments Ag is presumably trapped due to sulfide precipitation. Cadmium, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Ag, and T1 predominantly accumulate via biogenic pre-concentration in plankton remains. Rhenium, Sb, As, V, U and Mo are enriched in accordance with seawater TE availability. Lead and Bi enrichment in UEO surface sediments is likely contributed by anthropogenic activity (mining). Accumulation rates of TOC, Cd, Mo, U, and V from Peruvian and Namibian sediments exceed those from the Oman Margin and Gulf of California due to enhanced preservation off Peru and Namibia.     

一种新的分层冻胀量观测方法及其在季节冻土区的应用

Observation of delamination frost-heave is of significance in the study of foundation frost damage. The three main methods of observing delamination frost-heave, which are mono-frost-heave-ruler method, multi-frost-heave-ruler method and magnetic-loop method, are briefly introduced in this paper at first. Their respective advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. And then, according to the mechanism of frost-heave and the law of water migration and ice-forming in the freezing soil, a new approximate indirect method of observing the delamination frost-heave, which is antitheses, is brought forward by comparing surface frost-heave and frost-depth. On the basis of observation result in Chengyu Expressway and Daqing, its applicability is analyzed from three aspects under different groundwater level and soil property in seasonal frozen area. The result shows that this method is applicable for these two areas.     

地铁联络通道冻结施工的三维数值模拟

冻结法在地铁联络通道施工中得到了广泛的应用,冻土墙的设计温度和厚度是工程安全的重要前提,为了直观了解冻土墙的力学特性,掌握联络通道内土体开挖对冻土墙的影响,保证工程的安全,对施工过程进行了三维数值模拟,得出了有价值的结论,并把计算结果与实测进行了比较,可供工程实践参考.     

基于VB开发ArcInfo功能原理和方法的探讨

通过GIS应用中叠加分析功能的二次开发。介绍了Arclnfo结合Visual Basic进行二次开发的方法．阐述了ArcObjects包含的核心原理和技术，并结合COM技术剖析了ArcInfo、扩展功能(d11)和ArcObjects之间的通讯机制。在叠加分析功能的开发实践经验基础上．简单介绍了一些ArcObjects类的使用。实践经验证明，使用VB扩展ArcInfo功能，可以节省时间和精力，两者的结合充分发挥了各自的优势，在经费投入和进度控制上都能起到事半功倍的作用。     

冻结壁融化阶段井壁温度应力研究

利用复合井壁的措施，立井井壁在生产经营阶段的破裂问题已基本得到了解决；但是，冻结壁解冻过程中的井壁破裂问题却长期存在着。为了详细分析立井井壁受力因素及过程，找出导致井壁破裂的真正原因，并提出切合实际的防破措施，笔者从物理学中的热胀冷缩原理出发，结合弹性力学中的热弹性理论及土力学中的Winkller地基模型，正确地推论出了冻结壁解冻期立井井壁应力的分布规律，并根据应力成分的分析，得出了温度因素才是导致井壁破裂的根本原因的重要结论。不仅从理论上解释了该阶段井壁破裂的一系列特征，而且为根本解决该阶段深立井的破裂提供了理论依据。     

冻土钻孔内温度分布的相关参数研究

介绍了冻土钻孔内温度分布研究的理论基础,其中主要讨论了冲洗介质的质量流量、钻杆杆壁的导热系数、岩石同冲洗介质的热交换强度系数与不稳定热交换系数,以及孔底冲洗介质温度升高值的确定.结合实例分析了边界条件常数、钻杆导热系数与钻杆内和环状间隙中的传热系数对孔内温度分布的影响.孔底温度的上升主要与冲洗介质的质量流量、其初始温度及热容量、孔底碎岩消耗的功率以及钻头结构与物性有关.