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91.
92.
中国西部退耕还林(草)和沙漠化土地绿化的区域性气候效应 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
中国正在实施的西部大开发必将导致较大规模的土地利用和地表覆盖(LULC)变化,其中最重要的两类LULC变化是退耕还林(草)和沙漠化土地绿化工程。利用最新的全球地表特征资料数据库(GLCCD)识别以上两项生态建设工程的实施规模与范围,并以此更新了目前比较流行的区域气候模式的下边界条件,利用修正了的区域气候模式研究上述大规模LULC变化可能对中国区域性气候造成的影响。使用的卫星资源数据库是由美国地质测绘局(USGS)和Nebraska-Lincoln大学牵头,根据NOAA卫星的AVHRR资料、USGS掌握的高分辨率数字化地图,以及生态区划和植被分布等资料组建的。 相似文献
93.
94.
Zheng Feili Tang Keli Zhang Keli Cha Xuan Bai Hongying Northwest Institute of Soil Water Conservation CAS Ministry of Water Resources Yangling Shaanxi People''s Republic of China 《地理学报(英文版)》1997,(2)
Forlongtime,theproblemaboutnaturalerosionandartificiallyacceleratederosionisindispute.HistoricalgeographersconsiderthathumaninducedecoenvironmentaldestructionisaccountablefortheseveresoilerosionandecoenvironmentdeteriorationonLoessPlateau[7,8].Somegeolog… 相似文献
95.
Archaeological sites are valuable nonrenewable resources and they are being destroyed rapidly by modern development projects
of all kinds, worldwide. The contextual information in these sites could tell surprising and valuable stories of human behavior
over an enormous sweep of time and might contribute to a better future. Archaeologists’ experience of site destruction and
their recent efforts to work with local communities toward alternatives to site destruction may offer examples for others
concerned with the treatment of nonrenewable resources 相似文献
96.
97.
乌兰布和沙漠东北边缘植物群落物种多样性及其生态环境 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7
应用群落多样性指数(D)、均匀度(J)、生态优势度(C)等指标,对乌兰布和沙漠东北边缘不同生境(荒漠区、绿洲外围、绿洲内)的天然植物群落进行了研究,结果表明这三种指标值能有效地表征群落的组成结构特征及生境的优劣;荒漠植物群落多样性指数(D=0.603~2.984)和均匀度(J=0.337~0.691)都较低,而生态优势度(C=0.724~0.195)较高,说明荒漠植被生态环境的脆弱性,群落结构越复杂,多样性指数越高;多样性与生态环境关系密切,D和J随生境渐好而递增,C随生境渐好而递减,可作为环境评价指标;多样性在一定程度上体现了群落的发展阶段和稳定程度,越接近顶级阶段,多样性越高,且环境的改善有助于群落演替进程的加速;干旱区弃耕撩荒地次生演替植被,在弃耕初期多样性随弃耕年限增大而减小,后期处于一个较稳定的水平,且各演替阶段植物组成变化较大。 相似文献
98.
辽宁北票盆地中侏罗世海房沟组含丰富的生物化石,其中的水生昆虫、水生植物、叶肢介、水生软体动物和鱼类共同构成一个复杂的水生生物群落。根据其营养水平划分为生产者、消费者和分解者。这些生物通过捕食关系构成一个复杂的食物链 相似文献
99.
Sergio Colombo Mario Chica-Olmo Francisco Abarca Hugh Eva 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2004,58(5-6):330-341
Tropical forest mapping is one of the major environmental concerns at global and regional scales in which remote sensing techniques are firmly involved. This study examines the use of the variogram function to analyse forest cover fragmentation at different image scales. Two main aspects are considered here: (1) analysis of the spatial variability structure of the forest cover observed at three different scales using fine, medium and coarse spatial resolution images; and (2) the study of the relationship between rescaled images from the finest spatial resolution and those of the medium and coarse spatial resolutions. Both aspects are analysed using the variogram function as a basic tool to calculate and interpret the spatial variability of the forest cover. An example is presented for a Brazilian tropical forest zone using satellite images of different spatial resolutions acquired by Landsat TM (30 m), Resurs MSU (160 m) and ERS ATSR (1000 m). The results of this study contribute to establishing a suitable spatial resolution of remotely sensed data for tropical forest cover monitoring. 相似文献
100.
Water and water related matters are important issues in water scarce countries like the Republic of South Africa. This is
especially true for the agricultural sector that relies heavily on the availability of water for irrigation to ensure a secure
food supply. In South Africa, present day irrigation projects rely on government subsidies and are usually large undertakings
beyond the reach of individuals or small communities. The sustainability of such large irrigation projects is still a matter
of debate. A 100 years ago a different set of rules applied. Irrigation could only be achieved by hand-dug furrows that supplied
water in relatively small quantities to small farming communities. This paper investigated such a small community, the Leeukloof
farming community in the Western Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa. For the past 93 years this community has maintained
a furrow that supplies water not only to farms bordering the Perdeberg River, which supplies the furrow with water, but also
to farms not bordering the river. The authors try to reconstruct the changes in agricultural practices brought about by the
furrow, methods of water extraction during each phase, as well as the development and role of the furrow system. The perception
by the community of the necessity of this method of water extraction from the river system is also investigated.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献