水稻两用核雄性不育系的育性模型与鉴定方法

依据水稻光敏不育系育性的实验结果，提出衡量不育系育性变化规律的特征值及其量化模型。并用７个不育系的多点多年育性资料验证该模型的合理性，介绍了鉴定不育特征值的方法和程序。     

培矮64S在泰国的育性气候适应性及其安全制种的播期研究

为了推动中国加入WTO之后农业生产的国际化进程，将我国首创的两系法杂交水稻生产技术推向世界。以泰国曼谷、清迈地区1980-1997年逐日4个时次气温观测资料和NCEP／NCAR再分析资料为基础，结合两地区理论日长的计算结果和培矮64S的育性转换指标集及发育期模型，对我国目前应用最广泛的光、温敏核雄性不育系培矮64S在泰国产稻区代表地曼谷和清迈的育性气候适应性进行了分析。给出了90％、95％、100％保证率下安全制种和繁殖的最早、最晚播种期；计算了相应的风险概率，为两系杂交稻在泰国的推广应用提供可靠的农业气候依据。     

HOLOCENE SLIP RATE ALONG THE NE-TRENDING QIXIANG CO FAULT IN THE CENTRAL TIBETAN PLATEAU AND ITS TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS

The two mainstream deformation models of the Tibet plateau are continental escape model and crustal thickening model, the former suggests that the NW-trending Karakoram Fault, Gyaring Co Fault, Beng Co Fault and the Jiali Fault as the Karakoram-Jiali fault zone is the southern border belt and that the dextral strike-slip rate is estimated as up to 10~20mm/yr. However, research results in recent years show that the slip rates along those faults are significantly less than earlier estimates. Taylor et al. (2003)suggest that the conjugate strike-slip faults control the active deformation in the central Tibet. The lack of research on the slip behavior of the NE-trending faults in the central Tibet Plateau constrains our understanding of the central Tibet deformation model. Thus, we choose the NE-direction Qixiang Co Fault located at the north of the Gyaring Co Fault as research object. Based on the interpretation of satellite images, we found several faulted geomorphic sites. Using RTK-GPS ground control point and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)topographic surveying, we obtained less than 10cm/pix-resolution digital elevation model (DEM)in the Yaqu town site. We used the LaDiCaoz_v2.1 software to automatically extract the left-lateral offset of the largest gully on the terrace T₂ surface, which is (21.3±7.1)m, and the vertical dislocation of the scarp on the terrace T₂ surface, which is (0.9±0.1)m. The age of both U-series dating samples on the terrace T₂ is (4.98±0.17)ka and (5.98±0.07)ka, respectively. The Holocene left-lateral slip rate along Qixiang Co Fault is (3.56±1.19)mm/a and the vertical slip rate is (0.15±0.02)mm/a. The kinematic characteristics of the sinistral strike-slip with normal slip coincide with the eastward motion of the central Tibet plateau, and its magnitude is in agreement with its conjugate Gyaring Co Fault, suggesting that the deformation pattern of the central Tibetan plateau complies with the conjugate strike-slip faults mode.     

山东省黄河下游流域土地质量地球化学评估及方法研究

利用土地质量地球化学评估的基本方法,以黄河下游流域山东境内6．4万km2冲积平原区表层土壤区域地球化学调查数据为基础,提出了区内进行评估的参评指标体系,确定了各评估指标层的权重,进而对区内土地质量进行了系统的地球化学评估。研究发现,由于区内土壤物源的相对单一性,在不同参评指标体系下,大部分评估单元的分等始终趋向一致,其中优良等级土地占全区的80％,两端分等土地往往面积较小且分散。评估分等的意义以反映土壤综合肥力和健康指标的高低为主,由于区内土壤环境质量超标比例极小,分等仅指示土壤环境质量的相对优劣。该评估成果可为土地资源的合理利用提供指导,并为今后区内开展的次级地球化学评估工作提供了基础和参照。     

渤海地区^210Pb、^137Cs同位素测年的研究现状

近百年来环渤海地区的沉积作用是影响该区近现代地质环境变化的重要因素。本文收集了该区迄今公开发表的用于确定现代沉积速率的84组^210Pb、^137Cs柱状剖面（包括210Pb样柱52组，^210Pb、^137Cs样柱32组），其中海区39组，潮间带及沿海低地地区45组。环渤海地区的^210Pb放射性活度的深度分布曲线主要表现为3种形式：理想指数衰变型、近等幅摆动型和海洋特殊动力事件影响型。根据由陆向海方向沉积速率的变化，可初步划分为沿岸低沉积速率带、开放潮坪高沉积速率带及海区低沉积速率区；区域性差异则表现为渤海湾开放潮坪区上部由北（蓟运河口）向南（老狼坨子）沉积速率表现为高-低-高，辽东湾从其西侧的锦州湾向东至辽河河口的开放潮坪地区，沉积速率递减，黄河三角洲地区及其附近海域属于间歇式快速沉积区，莱州湾西部为高速沉积区。     

六盘山东西两侧第四纪以来构造差异隆升速率递变性

河流阶地作为第四纪以来较新的沉积地貌单元,在研究区域构造隆升和区域断裂活动性方面扮演重要角色.本文利用前人对六盘山东西两侧黄河、渭河及泾河地区阶地研究成果,借用古地磁及14C等方法测定阶地形成年龄和实测阶地拔河高度已有数据,引进构造差异隆升速率(△UT)参数来反映区域构造隆升强弱.通过对兰州黄河阶地、陇西渭河阶地与泾河阶地的构造差异隆升速率对比研究表明,第四纪以来,兰州黄河阶地与泾河阶地4个期次平均构造差异隆升速率(△UT)分别为76.87mm/ka、42.88mm/ka、421.06mm/ka和1050mm/ka;平均值为397.70mm/ka;陇西渭河阶地与泾河阶地3个期次内(△UT)分别为177.37 mm/ka、171.83 mm/ka和168.27mm/ka;平均值为172.49mm/ka.说明六盘山西侧总体活动性要强于六盘山东侧,同时六盘山构造带北段较南段活动性强,并有逐渐增强趋势.其主要原因可能是六盘山西侧区域系列NWW、NNW活动构造发育对应力的转换和吸收占据重要位置,而六盘山东侧依附于较稳定的鄂尔多斯地块,对区域应力的转换和吸收不明显.     

Glacial activity and paraglacial landsliding in the Devensian Lateglacial: evidence from Craig Cerrig-gleisiad and Fan Dringarth,Fforest Fawr (Brecon Beacons), South Wales

The tongue-shaped mass of debris and associated ridges on the cirque floor below Craig Cerrig-gleisiad, Brecon Beacons National Park is important and controversial because it has been attributed to more than one glacier advance during the Late Devensian. A new origin is proposed involving landslide development from the collapse of part of the western headwall followed by a single phase of glacier development in the Loch Lomond Stadial (Younger Dryas), which reworked the landslide sediments. Evidence for this landslide, which provides useful criteria for differentiating moraines formed by small glaciers from landslides, lies in tension cracks, backward-tilted blocks and bedrock joints dipping out of the western headwall, together with lateral levées, upstanding termini and angular clasts with only occasional, indistinct striae on the tongue-shaped mass, which is interpreted as a flowslide. Glacier reworking of debris in the upper part of the Cwm Cerrig-gleisiad landslide is indicated by subparallel ridges rising to 20 m above the cirque floor containing abraded clasts (16-32% striated). This interpretation is supported by a comparison with the morphological and sedimentary characteristics of a neighbouring landslide at Fan Dringarth, where no glacier developed in the Loch Lomond Stadial. The existence of paraglacial landsliding has significant palaeoenvironmental implications leading to: (1) erroneously large estimates of equilibrium line depression ($Δ$ELA) in the Loch Lomond Stadial; (2) consequent underestimates of summer palaeotemperatures and/or overestimates of the contribution of wind-drifted snow to glacier accumulation; and (3) larger moraines than usual and overestimation of the efficacy of glacial erosion because of antecedent processes.