From EDUPUNK to Open Policy: Critical Technology Praxis within Higher Education

Emerging less than a decade ago, the term EDUPUNK sought to encapsulate the nascent rebellion against the corporatism and neoliberal ideology permeating digital aspects of higher education. A loose association of academic technologists with interests in net neutrality, open source software, hacktivism, and so on, the EDUPUNK movement has also been informing the adoption of various open practices in higher education, including open educational resources (OER). Intriguingly, university administrators and policymakers—attracted by aspects such as increased access and lower costs for students—are taking notice. In this article, I focus on developments from across the state of Virginia to introduce a critical praxis landscape from within higher education. Thus, I showcase some of the opportunities for critical technology praxis within the neoliberal(izing) university.     

中外大学天文学教材评述

大学天文学是高校天文学专业最重要的专业基础课程, 主要 讲授天文学的基础知识和发展全貌, 具有覆盖面广、知识点多的特点. 教材的质量对于帮助学生理解天文学的基本原理和方法、提高学术水平和科学素养起到关键作用. 对于非天文学专业的学生和天文爱好者, 天文学教材也是拓展科学知识和认知宇宙的重要途径. 我国的大学天文学教材建设与欧美发达国家相比在数量和质量上还有不小差距. 梳理了国内外较有代表性的大学天文学教材, 评述其特色、优势和有待改进之处, 比较中外教材在内容和写法上的异同. 通过分析国外优秀教材的编著理念、方法和技巧, 为我国未来天文学教材建设提供参考建议.     

关于高校教材建设的思考

教材是教师顺利完成一门课程教学工作的根本。教材的不断完善和更新是保证教学质量的重要前提；加强教材建设是提高教学效率的要求。政府、高校、高校教师都承担着加强高校教材建设的职责和义务，应当从各自的角度为提高高校教材建设的质量采取切实可行的措施。     

北京女性两个相邻哺乳期体内p,p'-DDE排泄速度与富集速度研究

母乳中p,p’-DDE浓度是监测母体短期内p,p’-DDE的“静态”蓄积水平,估算婴幼儿每日摄入量的重要技术手段。本文旨在通过监测北京女性两个相邻哺乳期内母乳中p,p’-DDE浓度及变化,估算两次分娩间隔期母体内p,p’-DDE的“动态”富集速度,并根据每日摄入量掌握人体p,p’-DDE的长期变化趋势。在2009年至2019年期间,收集了43名女性首次分娩后六个月内和18名女性第二次分娩后六个月内的母乳样本,并采用气相色谱法检测了母乳中p,p’-DDE的浓度。实验结果表明,母乳中p,p’-DDE浓度在哺乳期持续下降。年龄和分娩次数是母乳中p,p’-DDE浓度的影响因素,p,p’-DDE浓度随母亲年龄增大而升高,随分娩次数增多而降低。18名母亲两个哺乳期内母乳中p,p’-DDE平均排泄速度计算结果表明,排泄速度从18.9μg/kg lipid/month降低到16.8μg/kg lipids/month。而母体两次分娩隔期内p,p’-DDE年富集速度估算值为正,分布在10.9~14.9μg/kg lipids/year之间,每日摄入量分布在29.8~40.8ng/day/kg.b.w.之间。因此北京女性哺乳期母体内p,p’-DDE月排泄速度与母体年富集速度数值相当,母体p,p’-DDE每日摄入量远低于世界卫生组织（WHO）建议值,北京女性是低风险暴露人群。     

地信产业卓越工程师培养模式探索

针对目前地理信息学科教育培养模式缺乏工程实践,人才可获得程度低,与地理信息产业高速发展不适应的现状,该文探索并提出高等院校应根据产业人才培养目标、专业知识体系需求,以及高校自身特色,适当调整学科布局和培养方案计划,制定卓越工程师培养模式,并提出培养模式可与地理信息企业人才的再教育与培训计划衔接,充分利用国内外企业、机构与其他高校的优势资源与成功经验,实现产学研用融合。以武汉大学为例,阐述面向地理信息产业的复合型卓越工程师培养模式、方案及实施。     

The State of Geography Education Research

Abstract

College enrollment and Association of American Geographers membership data reveal a significant deficit in minority participation in geography and environmental science. The author asserts that this dearth may have its origin at the K-12 level, where science subjects are presented in a manner that alienates socioeconomically disadvantaged pupils. With recent research indicating that low-income and nonwhite communities are disproportionately affected by environmental degradation, it is pertinent that methods be developed to increase the number of minority students choosing to pursue environmental careers. Involving students directly in projects investigating the pollution in their communities aids in enhancing student interest. By participating in a lead (Pb) contamination study, students are introduced to several geographic subdisciplines including cartography, demography, and environmental geography. Students also acquire skills in spatial analysis, map interpretation, and graphic design. Complementing basic lead-soil field investigations with geographic information systems, spreadsheet, and/or computer mapping software, offers students a valuable high-tech learning experience.     

Female Farmers in Canada, 1971–1986*

The discussion of agricultural restructuring has often failed to include farm women, particularly those who own and operate their own enterprises. Accordingly, this research presents an overview of Canadian female farm operators, who are a growing component of the farm operator population. Using previously untabulated data from the 1971, 1981, and 1986 censuses of agriculture and population, the study draws comparisons to male farmers in Canada and female farmers in the United States. The census data show that the socioeconomic and farming profile of Canadian female farmers differs from that of their male colleagues, and that the differences in certain key characteristics (such as farm size, sales, and commodity type) are becoming more noticeable over time. This raises questions about whether female operators are in danger of becoming marginalized from mainstream production, and whether their needs as a minority group among agricultural producers are being recognized.     

National and Regional Trends in “Jobs in Geography”: 1980–1993

The number of “Jobs in Geography” advertised in the AAG Newsletter for U.S. faculty positions is analyzed for the 14 academic years from 1979–80 through 1992–93. Results reveal more job opportunities in the latter half of the study period, especially for tenured/tenure track positions as opposed to temporary jobs. The share of available positions open to ranks above the Assistant Professor level is smaller in the early 1990s compared to the 1980s. A distinct decline in faculty openings occurs for 1992–1993. Considerable regional variations in the job market situation are revealed.     

梭梭的胚胎学研究：Ⅰ．小孢子发生、雄配子体形成及大孢子发生过程中无融合生殖现象的初步观察

对梭梭的大、小孢子发育和雌、雄配子体的形成过程进行研究后认为，梭梭小孢子孢原为多细胞，小孢子母细胞排列紧密，个别花药的小孢子母细胞彼此分开。小孢子母细胞减数分裂为同时型，四分体排列方式为四面体型。成熟花粉粒为三细胞。药壁由表皮、药室内壁、一层中层和腺质绒毡层组成。大孢子发育中未发现有减数分裂过程，只看到直接由孢原细胞发育的胚囊，推测为体细胞无孢子生殖的无融合生殖现象。     

对矿类专业毕业生“断层”现象的思考与对策

在社会经济体制转型的过程中,矿类专业毕业生出现了人才的“断层”现象。通过对矿类专业人才“断层”现象形成的原因进行分析,认为缓解目前矿类专业人才短缺现象,要以矿山为主体采取内培外引、努力服务、“订单式”培养方式,长期克服类似的人才“断层”现象要以高校为主体,主动调整专业结构和招生规模,培养复合型人才校企合作,多形式、多渠道培养企业所需人才。