地理学本科生科研训练体系的构建与实践

大学本科阶段是创新性人才培养的关键时期。北京师范大学地理学基地一直在努力探索本科生早期科研训练的机制、模式与途径,以研究性教学和教学科研互动的新理念,依托基地所拥有的国家、教育部和北京市重点实验室、国家一级重点学科、国家级科学研究和教学研究项目等丰富的科研资源和院士、长江学者、杰出青年基金获得者、教学名师等高水平的首席导师+教学团队师资,建立并完善本科生科研立项制度,构建多学科平台、多元模式、多阶段的阶段-学科-能力三维体系的因材施教的科研训练体系。     

高校贫困生存在的主要道德情感问题及其对策

目前,随着贫困生数量的急剧增加,高校在重视解决贫困生经济困难的同时,往往忽略了他们内心深处潜藏的情绪感受.他们中的大多数产生了不同于一般大学生的道德情感问题.因此,贫困生的道德情感状况、造成此种状况的原因以及培养贫困生的道德情感的路径和方法,便成为对贫困生问题开展深入研究的全新的独特视域.     

地方文化环境与大学教学科研融合发展的模式初探——基于英美若干研究型大学的经验研究

教学科研的深度融合是研究型大学的共同特点,但各个大学实现融合的模式仍存在差异。本文拟基于地方文化传统和周边产业发展需求,探索地方对大学主导功能的影响,并结合对英美典型研究性大学的案例剖析,研究不同大学教学科研融合发展的主要立足点不同的内在原因。研究显示,地方不仅为大学的发展提供资金和基础设施等方面的支持,也需要大学提供人力资本、知识创新等方面的服务,因此,大学的主导功能与地方文化经济环境密切相关,而教学科研的融合则往往立足于大学的主要功能。例如,牛津大学以人才培养为重点就深受英国传统文化的影响,哈佛在基础研究方面的卓越贡献也与其追求真理的文化传统有关,而斯坦福大学以服务产业发展促进人才培养与科研紧密融合的模式也受到实用教育理念的影响。总的看来,研究型大学都应该力促教学科研的深度融合,这是其承载文化传播和知识创造功能的基础,但就具体大学而言,很有必要适应特定地方的文化环境,探索适合的教学科研融合发展模式,而不要陷入盲目模仿的误区。     

培养德识双馨的国家栋梁之才：《普通地质学》课程教学有感

《普通地质学》是引领新生进入地学殿堂、了解地球科学知识的一门专业启蒙课,也是新形势下地学通识教育中的一门基础理论课。其内容涉及地质学全部基础知识中的最必要部分,具有衔接和统领地学各门专业基础知识的特点。根据多年教学体会,笔者认为在精英教育与通才教育并举的新形势下,必须心系学生,与时俱进,转变教育理念,优化集课堂、实验、野外教学为一体的教学体系,推进教学内容的改革与建设,摈弃不适应时代发展与国家需求的教育模式,采用现代化的教学方法和教育技术;对学生开展基础理论传授、专业基础技能训练、创新科研培育的系统教育,拓宽学生的专业知识面,激发学生专业兴趣和创造性思维。在传授科学知识的同时,目标明确地开展思政教育,引导学生认清学问与道德的关系,建立德识双馨的价值取向,提高基础地质课程教学质量和学生的综合素质,促进教学改革,为国家培养五育兼备的优秀人才。     

Observation of female gamete （Carpogonia） germination of Porphyra yezoensis and P. oligospermatangia

Several papers have reported that part or whole leafy thallus seemingly consisting of zygotospores can give rise to both blades and conchocelis in the same culture of Porphyra. Study on samples of wild and cultivated Porphyra yezoensis and P. oligospermatangia were conducted to clarify the origination of the young blades in the culture. It is confirmed that single cells on the blade of both species, which normally intermixed with zygotospores, germinated into young blades. TEM and SEM observation has shown that the single cells of Porphyra yezoensis had typical features of female gamete （carpogonia） but archeospore. Therefore, the female gametes are responsible in developing leafy thalli.     

EVALUATION ON NUTRITIVE VALUE OF PORTUNUS TRITUBERCULATUS

MODUon0NP.trituberculatushasanupswellingshuttiedsecephalothoraxcrust0nWhosescheearemanydiversefinegranuleswhichbererneroughandconcentIatalinthegillaas.IthasthIeewartybulgesandtwosharpodhonitSforeheadPaiAiy-U,l986).Thechelipedisdeveloped,itSmerusisshuuleshaped,thefotirthpairofpereiopodsareuseoars,itScarpopoditiswideandshort,thedaCty0poditisslab-shaped,eachjoint'sedgehasshorthahaforswirTuning,themalebodyisbluishgreen,andthebolebodyisadeeppmple.Maleanddrileglands')locateatthedorsalordorsola…     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing. Terrain Analysis and Remote Sensing . JOHN R. G. TOWNSHEND , ed. Environmental Data Use in Computer-assisted Data Handling Systems: The Results of a Survey of Applications in the Pacific Northwest States . KENNETH E. GORDON . Applied Land Use: A Spatial Approach . JOHN F. LOUNSBURY , LAWRENCE M. SOMMERS , AND EDWARD A. FERNALD , eds. The Second Battle of New Orleans: A History of the Vieux Carre Riverfront-Expressway Controversy . RICHARD O. BAUMBACH , JR. AND WILLIAM E. BORAH . Cultural Environmental Archaeology . MYRA SHACKLEY . The Immoral landscape: Female Prostitution in Western Societies . RICHARD SYMANSKI . life Among the Poor in Cairo . UNNI WIKAN , translated by Ann Henning. Women, Work and Property in Northwest India . URSULA SHARMA . The Domestication of Women: Discrimination in Developing Societies . BARBARA ROGERS Economic Optimization in Locational and Transport Analysis . A. G. WILSON , J. D. COELHO , S. M. MACGILL , H. C. W. L. WILLIAMS . New Tools for Economic Development: The Enterprise Zone, Development Bank, and RFC . GEORGE STERNLIEB AND DAVID LISTOKIN , eds. Regional Wage Inflation . R. L. MARTIN , ed. Finding A Place For Energy-Siting Coal Conversion Facilities . FRANK J. CALZONETTI WITH MARK S. ECKERT . Environmental Management, Resources, and Systems Environmentalism. Second Edition . T. O'RIORDAN . Countryside Conservation . BRYN GREEN . Medical Spatial Diffusion: An Historical Geography of Epidemics in an Island Community . A. D. CLIFF , P. HAGGETT , J. K. ORD , AND G. R. VERSEY . Philosophy and Geographic Thought Order and Skepticism: Human Geography and the Dialectic of Science . RICHARD SZYMANSKI AND JOHN A. AGNEW . Measurement of Subjective Phenomena . D. F. JOHNSTON , ed. Conceptions of Space in Social Thought: A Geographic Perspective . ROBERT DAVID SACK . The Association of American Geographers: The First Seventy-five Years: 1904-1979 . PRESTON E. JAMES AND GEOFFREY J. MARTIN . The Life and Thought of Isaiah Bowman . GEOFFREY J. MARTIN . Physical River Basin Planning: Theory and Practice . SURANJIT K. SAHA AND CHRISTOPHER J. BARROW , eds. Soils and landforms: An Integration of Ceomorphology and Pedology . A. I. GERRARD Climatic Change and Society. Consequences of Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide . WILLIAM W. KELLOGG AND ROBERT SCHWARE . Political Political Redistrictings and Geographic Theory . RICHARD L. MORRILL . Population Studies in Spanish American Population History: Dell Plain Latin American Studies NO. 8 . DAVID J. ROBINSON , ed. Population Redistribution in the Midwest . CURTIS C. ROSEMAN , ANDREW J. SOFRANKO , AND JAMES D. WILLIAMS , eds. Geographical Perspectives on the Elderly . A. M. WARNES , ed. Regional Perspective On the American South . MERLE BLACK AND JOHN SHELTON REED , eds. The Prairies and Plains: Prospects for the 80s . JOHN R. ROGGE , ed. Rural Rural Settlement in an Urban World . MICHAEL BUNCE . Social Accident at Three Mile Island: The Human Dimensions . DAVID L. SILLS , C. P. WOLF , AND VIVIEN B. SHELANSKI , eds. The American Small Town: Twentieth-Century Place Images . JOHN JAKLE . Urban A House of My Own . SUSAN LOBO . The City: Patterns and Processes in the Urban Ecosystem . CHRISTOPHER H. EXLINE , GARY L. PETERS , AND ROBERT P. LARKIN . Movement in Cities . P. W. DANIELS AND A. M. WARNES . Urbanization and Urban Planning in Capitalist Society . MICHAEL DEAR AND ALLEN J. SCOT , eds.     

高校图书馆自动化建设的实践与探讨

在国内自动化、网络化、数字化图书馆飞速发展的今天,图书馆自动化建设是高校图书馆事业发展的必由之路,高校图书馆自动化建设实有其必要性和现实意义。文章试从图书馆建设环境、遇到的问题等方面,探讨我国高校图书馆究竟如何实现图书馆自动化建设,以期有利于指导各高校图书馆的自动化建设。     

Engaged pedagogy and responsibility: A postcolonial analysis of international students

This paper responds to increasing discussions about responsibility within geography by exploring some of the spatialities imbued in thinking responsibly about internationalisation in the UK Higher Education system, and it uses the categorisation of the international student as a way in to this exploration. Although international students have been considered from the viewpoint of migration studies, global education studies and critical pedagogical studies, this paper attempts a postcolonial analysis of international students, to consider what forms of pedagogic responsibility are called forth through this framework. Building on bell hooks’ call for an ‘engaged pedagogy’, this paper shows that routing care and responsibility through postcolonial geographies incites a more sharply demanding political praxis.     

基于大学生认知地图的长江中游城市群空间范围认知

国务院《长江中游城市群规划》的颁布虽然结束了一直以来的“中三角”和“中四角”的争论,但与公众对其空间范围的认知仍然存在一定的差异。通过问卷获取武汉、长沙和南昌三市大学生对长江中游城市群空间范围的认知地图,并绘制认知范围集成图、密度图和认知比例图等分析其认知特性;通过构建面积偏差系数和中心偏差系数度量了认知地图与规划地图的差异,探究个体社会属性对认知差异的影响。研究发现：① 三市大学生的认知地图呈“武汉+”的特色,长沙市有“南向偏移”的趋势、南昌市“东南向偏移”趋势明显;② 三市大学生的空间认知范围与《长江中游城市群规划》的范围存在差异,其中南昌市大学生差异最大,长沙次之,武汉最小;③ 个体社会属性与认知差异存在关联,其中性别、居住地、专业和居住时间变量为显著影响因子。公众空间认知的差异及其影响因素在一定程度上会影响到城市群发展的政策偏好,研究结论可为未来城市群的构建和城市政策的制定提供新的参考。