基于POI数据的成都市区生活设施空间格局分析

基于成都市三环路内高德地图POI等数据,以餐饮购物、休闲娱乐、商务办公、金融服务、医疗教育等5类生活设施兴趣点为研究对象,采用核密度法、Getis-OrdGi*统计指数热点探测及改进的CRITIC权重赋值法等对POI数据进行了可视化、分布热点探测及空间分布相关性分析。研究表明,成都三环路内各类相关生活设施的空间分布、聚集热点区域、配套完善程度均以天府广场为中心呈现成片聚集、按环发散、多中心分布及多主干发展的空间格局。     

新重力P中值模型及其在城市综合医院区位决策中的实证检验——以无锡市为例

区位—分配模型是实现公共服务设施最适配置的有效方法之一。传统的P中值模型以效率作为导向,采用“邻近分配”规则,不考虑设施容量(规模),难以适应城市综合医院供需之间相互作用规律下适度均衡、居民随机概率式选择和区位与规模同步求解的布局要求。本文尝试以P中值模型为基础框架,在对P中值模型来源及其适用性进行分析的基础上,构建出基于供需双方(居民—综合医院)空间相互作用的重力P中值模型。新模型通过纳入“邻近就医”最大出行成本因子,确保居民至少邻近1所综合医院(保障空间公平);通过追求总加权出行成本最小化,确保设施空间配置效率;通过纳入设施容量规模因子实现设施区位和规模同时求解;通过纳入最小规模因子,保障设施规模效率和服务质量公平。进一步通过无锡市区综合医院空间配置进行实证检验发现：采用新模型优化后,综合医院空间配置更加公平、居民邻近就医更加便捷,且能够实现与社区卫生设施协同布局,使整个医疗设施体系空间布局更加合理。本文构建的新重力P中值模型(模型的变量参数可作适当调整)可用于竞争型公共设施区位决策,为相关设施布局调整或者规划提供决策依据。     

城市防灾公园"平灾结合"的规划设计理念

城市防灾公园是破坏性地震发生时,为了保护市民的生命财产安全、强化城市防灾结构而建设的具有避难疏散场所功能的公园、绿地.游憩设施与防灾设施的和谐与整合确保一个公园具有一般公园和防灾公园的双重功能.探讨了避难所与公园广场、绿地;公园树木与防火树林带;水景设施与抗灾用水设施;广播设施、通信设施、发电设施、照明设施;公园仓库与抗震减灾资源物资储备仓库;公园入口形态、外围形态;临时厕所和公园管理机构等八个方面的整合设计.     

Coating Protection for Production Facilities of Offshore Oil Fields

- This paper describes coating protection of production facilities of offshore oil fields based on the practice of development of Bohai Offshore Oil Field, with focus laid on the selection of coating systems, surface preparation, coating application, as well as coating inspection for four types of major production facilities.     

新疆油气田标准化设计实践与认识

新疆油田在地面工程建设中,本着“全流程密闭,降低损耗;全系统优化,降低成本;全过程简化,降低投资”的指导思想,围绕油气田井场、计量站等小型站场工程建设,针对稠稀油及天然气特性,结合优化简化工作,开展了一系列标准化设计研究工作,获得良了好的效果。通过标准化设计工作,形成了“设计标准化,提高设计效率;制造橇装化,降低建设成本;建设模块化,缩短施工周期;管理科学化,提高整体水平”的四化建设模式。每年可降低工程投资5％,缩短建设工期10％,新井投产贡献率提高5％。     

城市商业服务设施吸引力的空间相关性分析

利用武汉市出租车轨迹数据,根据服务设施的空间可达性,采用加权两步移动搜寻法计算服务设施的吸引力大小,并通过计算全局自相关指标分析服务设施吸引力在整体上的空间聚集特征,在此基础上分析服务设施吸引力的局部空间相关性。实验结果表明,武汉市服务设施吸引力整体上呈现显著的空间聚集特征,在商业繁华中心地带服务设施吸引力具有局部自相关性。     

COUNCIL MEETING,ATLANTA April 13-14, 1973

In this second report from the Long Range Planning Committee, the Chairman of the Communications Task Force discusses the purpose, structure, and functioning of Specialty Groups, which are to be established in accordance with a Committee recommendation approved by the AAG Council.     

Radioactive high level waste insight modelling for geological disposal facilities

Within this paper we present a simplified analytical model to provide insight into the key performance measures of a generic disposal system for high level waste within a geological disposal facility. The model assumes a low solubility waste matrix within a corrosion resistant disposal container surrounded by a low permeability buffer. Radionuclides migrate from the disposal area through a porous geosphere to the biosphere and give a radiological dose to a receptor. The system of equations describing the migration is transformed into Laplace space and an approximation used to determine peak values for the radionuclide mass transfer rate entering the biosphere. Results from the model are compared with those from more detailed numerical models for key radionuclides in the UK high level waste inventory. Such an insight model can provide a valuable second line of argument to assist in confirming the results of more detailed models and build confidence in the safety case for a geological disposal facility.     

An efficient method for single-facility location and path-connecting problems in a cell map

This article presents an efficient method for simultaneously finding both the Weber cell and optimal connective paths in a grid. As numerous barriers of arbitrary shape and weighted regions are distributed in the cell map of this research, the problem scenario is similar to working out a real-life facility location selection and path-routing problems in a geographical map. In this study, the Weber problem of finding a single-facility location from an accumulation cost table is generated by a grid wave propagation method (higher-geometry maze router). After finding the Weber point (cell), optimal connective paths with minimum total weighted cost are backtracked between the Weber location cell and the demand cells. This new computation algorithm with linear time and space complexity can be integrated as a spatial analytical function within GIS.     

顾及属性特征的城市设施热点识别方法

研究城市设施的热点分布对把握当前城市形态具有重要意义。传统的设施热点识别方法容易忽略设施的特征尺度且多以区域识别为主,缺少精准化提取设施热点的方法体系。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种顾及属性特征的设施热点识别方法,并以北京市住宅设施为例进行了试验分析。首先将设施的属性值作为权重,进行加权核密度估计生成密度值表面,利用极值点探测模型提取极值点;然后采用Getis-Ord G_i^*统计进行空间自相关分析,生成具有显著统计学意义的热点区域,筛选极值点得到热点。结果表明,该方法能够准确有效地识别设施热点并进行合理的等级划分,为城市设施空间布局研究提供多样化视角。