Initiation of primary cell culture from amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense

Amphioxus, a cephalochordate, is an important model fish for studies in evolution and comparative biology. A successful cell culture from amphioxus tissues in vitro would help understanding some basic issues. To determine the optimal culture conditions for proliferation of amphioxus cells, primary cultures were initiated from buccal cirri, tail, gill, gut and metapleural fold of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense. The media tested were L-15, F-12, M 199, MEM, DMEM, PRMI 1640 and LDF, each was supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum. The optimal conditions include tail tissue cultured in L-15 or F-12 with supplement of 20% FBS and 1.5% NaCl at about 25°C.     

接种生物胺降解菌对鱼露生物胺含量及品质的影响

将两株生物胺降解菌Millerozymafarinose A3和Enterococcusfaecium R7(简称降胺菌)接种到发酵鱼露中,探究接种M.farinose A3、E.faecium R7及两者复合菌对发酵鱼露生物胺含量及品质的影响.研究表明:接种降胺菌组鱼露生物胺含量显著低于对照组,且接种复合降胺菌鱼露生...     

硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria)稚贝中间培育模式的初步研究

采用现场测定方法 ,研究了硬壳蛤稚贝野外中间培育的适宜初始规格以及直接底播、袋中加砂底播、袋中加砂笼养和袋中无砂笼养 4种野外培育模式的效果。结果表明 ,硬壳蛤稚贝进行野外中间培育的适宜规格为壳长大于 2— 4mm。在 4种培育模式中 ,直接底播和袋中加砂底播模式效果比较理想。直接底播的稚贝 ( 30 0 0粒 /m2 )经过 2 8天便可由壳长2 .62mm长到 9.47mm ,达到播种规格 ;经过 62天的培育可以长到 1 7.5 1mm ,成活率可达83.3%。利用袋中加砂底播模式培育的稚贝生长速度略低于直接底播的稚贝 ,但成活率略高于直接底播的稚贝 ,可达到 89.8%— 94.5 %。与上述两种培育模式相比 ,袋中加砂笼养和袋中无砂笼养模式培育的稚贝生长速度较慢 ,其中以袋中无砂笼养模式培育的稚贝生长速度最慢 ,成活率最低。在这两种培育模式中 ,下层稚贝生长最慢 ,其次为中层稚贝 ,再次为上层稚贝     

珠江口沿岸牡蛎养殖场沉积物及牡蛎体内重金属含量与评价

应用原子吸收分光光度计对珠江口9个牡蛎养殖场沉积物及近江牡蛎Crassostrea rivularis样品中的Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr和Ni的含量进行测定。结果显示,沉积物中的Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr和Ni的平均含量分别为0.35—3.8、32.4—108.0、58—395、13.2—96.1、14.7—39.9和9.35—40.15μg.g-1干重;牡蛎体内Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr和Ni的平均含量分别为0.11—12.07、128.8—380.6、1 456.2—1 938.4、0.43—0.98、3.26—10.53和1.44—3.31μg.g-1干重。河口区沿岸养殖牡蛎与沉积物中的Cd、Cr含量具显著相关(p<0.01;p<0.05),可作为Cd和Cr污染的良好指示生物。所有采样点牡蛎体内Pb和Cr含量均低于我国颁布的无公害水产品质量安全标准,但6个采样点的Cd含量略超过安全标准(1.00μg.g-1湿重);4个采样点的Cu含量略超过安全标准(50.00μg.g-1湿重),应引起有关部门的重视。     

长牡蛎三倍体的诱导和培育

本文报道了采用高温结合咖啡因、CB、6 DMAP等方法诱导长牡蛎三倍体的研究结果。结果表明 :CB、6 DMAP的三倍体诱导率高 ,分别达 85 .39%和81 .2 6 % ,适用于大规模生产。高温结合咖啡因处理三倍体诱导率低 ,且存活率也很低。采用CB抑制受精卵第二极体排放诱导培育出三倍体种苗 7.2× 1 0 7粒。     

全新世浙江地区气候变化对史前文化的影响(英文)

The temporal-spatial distribution features of prehistoric cultures since the Holocene in Zhejiang region were comparatively analyzed based on GIS spatial analysis. Results show that the prehistoric cultures expanded gradually in this region before 4000 cal. a BP. The notable expansions occurred twice, one in the Majiabang-Hemudu cultural period, the other in the Liangzhu cultural period. Meanwhile, the prehistoric cultures were disseminated from west to east coast along river valleys. After 4000 cal. a BP, as represented by the Maqiao Culture, the distributed area of each prehistoric culture contracted. This is obviously due to the termination of spreading trends to east coast, which was simultaneously accompanied by two different modes of production and economic transitions in the north and south Zhejiang region respectively. The distribution of prehistoric cultures was closely related with Holocene sea-level fluctuations, especially on the banks of Hangzhou Bay, where the distribution changes of prehistoric cultural sites were greatly affected by sea-level changes, with the closest relationships between them. After 7000 cal. a BP, the process of lowered sea-level and regression-epeirogenesis provided wider terrestrial living spaces for prehistoric inhabitants. Based on the comparative analyses of the changes of prehistoric cultures and the environmental evolution information recorded in the Qianmutian subalpine peat of Mt. Tianmu and muddy area on the inner shelf of the East China Sea, it is indicated that the changes of prehistoric cultures were synchronized with environmental changes in Zhejiang region. Before 4000 cal. a BP, the eastward expansion of prehistoric cultures in Zhejiang occurred under the background of the Holocene Optimum, and was the expansion and extension under the joint influences of agricultural civilization and maritime civilization. However, after 4000 cal. a BP, the geographical contraction of prehistoric cultures in Zhejiang occurred under the back-ground of dry-cold climate trend and deterioration of coastal marine environment. It is evidenced from the above fact that the development, expansion and contraction of prehistoric cultures are positively correlated to environmental change. The change of the climatic environment is just the underlying reason for these changes and transitions of production modes and economic forms. Therefore, the climatic environment is the dominant factor of prehistoric culture vicissitudes in Zhejiang region, which has exerted great influence on distribution, dissemination, expansion and transmutation of the culture.     

The Philippine National Collection of Microorganisms (PNCM): Repository of microbial diversity of the country

The prime function of the Philippine National Collection of Microorganisms (PNCM), being the national repository of microbial strains, is to collect and preserve strains for their continued viability and availability for future use. To date, a total of 2144 strains of bacteria (1357), yeasts (250), filamentous, fungi (377), algae (14), and strains still to be identified (146) are maintained at the PNCM. These are preserved and maintained using various methods which include modified liquid drying (lyophilization), ultra-low temperature (−70°C) storage in 10% glycerol, storage in sterile soil, distilled water and overlaying with mineral oil. Periodic viability testing is done to assess the stability of these preserved cultures under storage. Aside from preservation and maintenance of cultures, the PNCM is also involved in several research activities. One of these is the isolation, characterization and identification of some Vibrio isolates from the Philippines. Details on this particular study is presented in this report.     

卤虫在单细胞藻类培养中作用的初步观察

在扁藻（Ｔｅｔｒａｓｅｌｍｉｓｓｐ．和Ｐｌａｔｙｍｏｎａｓｓｐ．）藻液中接种适量的卤虫（Ａｒｔｅｍｉａｓａｌｉｎａ）,通过卤虫对藻液中细菌及原生动物等敌害生物的捕食作用,可以有效地控制敌害生物对藻类的危害。通过卤虫对藻液中衰老及死亡的藻细胞的捕食,可以使藻种得以优化。而且,通过卤虫的代谢作用,藻类生长所必需的营养元素得以还原。     

Impact of Holocene climate change on the prehistoric cultures of Zhejiang region,East China

The temporal-spatial distribution features of prehistoric cultures since the Holocene in Zhejiang region were comparatively analyzed based on GIS spatial analysis. Results show that the prehistoric cultures expanded gradually in this region before 4000 cal. a BP. The notable expansions occurred twice, one in the Majiabang-Hemudu cultural period, the other in the Liangzhu cultural period. Meanwhile, the prehistoric cultures were disseminated from west to east coast along river valleys. After 4000 cal. a BP, as represented by the Maqiao Culture, the distributed area of each prehistoric culture contracted. This is obviously due to the termination of spreading trends to east coast, which was simultaneously accompanied by two different modes of production and economic transitions in the north and south Zhejiang region respectively. The distribution of prehistoric cultures was closely related with Holocene sea-level fluctuations, especially on the banks of Hangzhou Bay, where the distribution changes of prehistoric cultural sites were greatly affected by sea-level changes, with the closest relationships between them. After 7000 cal. a BP, the process of lowered sea-level and regression-epeirogenesis provided wider terrestrial living spaces for prehistoric inhabitants. Based on the comparative analyses of the changes of prehistoric cultures and the environmental evolution information recorded in the Qianmutian subalpine peat of Mt. Tianmu and muddy area on the inner shelf of the East China Sea, it is indicated that the changes of prehistoric cultures were synchronized with environmental changes in Zhejiang region. Before 4000 cal. a BP, the eastward expansion of prehistoric cultures in Zhejiang occurred under the background of the Holocene Optimum, and was the expansion and extension under the joint influences of agricultural civilization and maritime civilization. However, after 4000 cal. a BP, the geographical contraction of prehistoric cultures in Zhejiang occurred under the background of dry-cold climate trend and deterioration of coastal marine environment. It is evidenced from the above fact that the development, expansion and contraction of prehistoric cultures are positively correlated to environmental change. The change of the climatic environment is just the underlying reason for these changes and transitions of production modes and economic forms. Therefore, the climatic environment is the dominant factor of prehistoric culture vicissitudes in Zhejiang region, which has exerted great influence on distribution, dissemination, expansion and transmutation of the culture.     

旅游对目的地社区族群认同的影响——以三亚回族为例

旅游作为一种族际交流的方式,它对族群认同会产生怎样的影响值得关注。当前国内外学界对旅游目的地社区族群认同的研究大多集中在以族群文化为主要吸引物的目的地,但是在这种类型的旅游目的地中,出于商业利益的考虑,族群文化中的某些方面会被格外强调,从而影响社区居民的族群认同。本文选择一个不以族群文化为主要吸引物的社区,即海南三亚回族社区来作为案例地,采用观察法、访谈法、文献法等定性研究方法,通过对案例地社区旅游发展前后的对比研究,发现参与旅游商品销售、旅游运输业、旅游餐饮业等旅游相关行业使当地居民的族群认同发生了一定变化,主要体现在宗教意识得以强化、传统习俗发生改变、旅游与传统产业的职业认同有所分化等三个方面。