90年代中国省级区域经济与环境协调度分析

在阐述经济环境协调度理论的基础上,建立了环境承载力与经济发展水平之间的协调度模型。并通过对90年代我国省级区域的实证分析,发现我国空间区域经济环境协调度基本符合“U”型曲线,区域经济发展模式大多以牺牲环境为代价,特别是中西部地区的问题比较严重。     

A proposal for the theoretical analysis of the interactive coupled effects between urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations

Mega-urban agglomerations are strategic core areas for national economic development and the main regions of new urbanization. They also have important roles in shifting the global economic center of gravity to China. However, the development of mega-urban agglomerations has triggered the interactive coercion between resources and the eco-environment. The interactive coupled effects between urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations represent frontier and high-priority research topics in the field of Earth system science over the next decade. In this paper, we carried out systematic theoretical analysis of the interactive coupling mechanisms and coercing effects between urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations. In detail, we analyzed the nonlinear-coupled relationships and the coupling characteristics between natural and human elements in mega-urban agglomerations. We also investigated the interactive coercion intensities between internal and external elements, and the mechanisms and patterns of local couplings and telecouplings in mega-urban agglomeration systems, which are affected by key internal and external control elements. In addition, we proposed the interactive coupling theory on urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations. Furthermore, we established a spatiotemporal dynamic coupling model with multi-element, multi-scale, multi-scenario, multi-module and multi-agent integrations, which can be used to develop an intelligent decision support system for sustainable development of mega-urban agglomerations. In general, our research may provide theoretical guidance and method support to solve problems related to mega-urban agglomerations and maintain their sustainable development.     

Quantitative classification and analysis on plant communities in the middle reaches of the Tarim River

Plant communities were sampled in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, Xinjiang. The results showed that there are 23 species belonging to 21 genera in 11 families, most of which have low occurrence frequency in quadrats. The most common species is Tamarix ramosissima, which occurred in 17 sites accounting for 89.47% of the total 19 sites. Quantitative classification (TWINSPAN) and ordination (CCA) methods were used to study the distribution patterns of 23 plant species in 19 sites in this valley. TWINSPAN results showed that the plant communities in the middle reaches of the Tarim River could be divided into 3 groups and the sampling sites could be divided into 7 types in 3 groups. CCA results were consistent with TWINSPAN results, and showed species distribution patterns correlated with major environmental variables of groundwater level and soil moisture.     

辽宁省14市与长山群岛旅游空间相互作用研究

运用旅游空间相互作用理论,以旅游人数、旅游总收入为基础数据,利用旅游空间相互作用模型,测算辽宁省14市、长山群岛与辽宁省14市及长山诸岛3个层次的旅游空间相互作用强度、经济联系度及经济隶属度。得出结论：① 各层级间空间相互作用强度、经济联系度及经济隶属度与距离呈负相关,区域间的空间相互作用强度、经济联系度及经济隶属度随距离增大逐渐减小;② 城市间经济联系度越强,旅游空间相互作用越大,与海岛旅游空间相互作用就越频繁;③ 通过对长山群岛旅游断裂点测算,得出其主要潜在客源地为大连、沈阳、丹东市。     

郑州市城市环境建设可持续发展初探

文章通过对郑州市城市环境问题及城市建设发展概况的分析，认为城市发展与环境建设是相辅相成的，并探讨了保证城市环境建设可持续发展的对策，切实做好总体规划，加强水资源管理，注重绿化效果，提高清洁能源的使用率等。     

北京市大兴区大气降尘环境磁学特征及其环境意义

应用环境磁学方法对北京市大兴区大气降尘环境磁学特征进行了系统研究,并通过与北京市朝阳区、兰州市大气降尘环境磁学特征的对比,对环境磁学在污染物来源解析及扩散条件研究中的应用机理进行了探讨。结果表明,大兴区大气降尘磁性矿物含量明显高于本区表土,人为源影响显著;降尘样品磁学特征主要受磁铁矿控制,并含有一定数量的磁赤铁矿,磁性矿物为准单畴和多畴颗粒;大兴区降尘样品的磁性矿物含量明显低于朝阳区,且样品颗粒相对较细,表明人口密度、车流量、城市发达度对大气污染程度存在显著影响;大兴区与兰州市大气降尘磁性矿物含量的季节变化差异表明,燃煤取暖对北京大气质量的影响显著减弱,燃煤锅炉改造是大气污染防治的重要措施之一。气象因素对大气颗粒物浓度变化有重要影响,降水、低气压和高风速利于大气颗粒物的清除和扩散,低气温对大气颗粒物污染的负面影响显著。     

Public environmental information: understanding requirements and patterns of likely public use

Public access to environmental information received much attention in the last decade. Recent developments promote access to this information through public telecommunication networks. This paper describes a Web-based survey that explored the requirements and needs of likely users of public environmental information systems for London: educated middle-class members of the public, with high interest in environmental issues and computer literacy. The survey demonstrated current information consumption patterns and the reasons to gather and use such information.     

中国黄海沿岸地区环境与社会经济地域关联分析

从地域的角度出发,在分析黄海沿岸地区环境地域结构和社会经济结构的基础上,探讨了二者之间关联联系,并确定了不同地域类型改善环境质量的社会经济调控主导方向     

生产性服务业发展的动力机制与空间效应研究进展

伴随着全球生产方式从“福特制”向“后福特制”的转变,生产性服务业逐渐取代制造业成为“后工业社会”区域经济增长和城市体系重构的主导产业。本文梳理了国内外相关文献,并结合国家自然科学基金青年项目“政治经济学视角下中国生产性服务业发展的多层级动力机制及其区域城市化效应”的研究成果,对已有理论及其在中国的适应性进行讨论。结论为：①中国生产性服务业在时空演变态势上既呈现出与西方发达国家同期发展阶段趋同的特征,也具有自身独特的发展路径;②转型期政府—市场、政府—企业、中央—地方等关系,决定了政府对经济的调控程度以及资金、土地和劳动力等要素市场的发育程度,形成了中国生产性服务业发展与西方国家不同的动力机制。③中国生产性服务业的增长和集聚促进了巨型城市区域的发展,改变了城市体系的组织模式,但有别于西方的是,中国生产性服务业的空间效应需考虑生产性服务业与制造业联系的影响。