Modeling spatially non-stationary land use/cover change in the lower Connecticut River Basin by combining geographically weighted logistic regression and the CA-Markov model

Simulating land use/cover change (LUCC) and determining its transition rules have been a focus of research for several decades. Previous studies used ordinary logistic regression (OLR) to determine transition rules in cellular automata (CA) modeling of LUCC, which often neglected the spatially non-stationary relationships between driving factors and land use/cover categories. We use an integrated geographically weighted logistic regression (GWLR) CA-Markov method to simulate LUCC from 2001–2011 over 29 towns in the Connecticut River Basin. Results are compared with those obtained from the OLR-CA-Markov method, and the sensitivity of LUCC simulated by the GWLR-CA-Markov method to the spatial non-stationarity-based suitability map is investigated. Analysis of residuals indicates better goodness of fit in model calibration for geographically weighted regression (GWR) than OLR. Coefficients of driving factors indicate that GWLR outperforms OLR in depicting the local suitability of land use/cover categories. Kappa statistics of the simulated maps indicate high agreement with observed land use/cover for both OLR-CA-Markov and GWLR-CA-Markov methods. Similarity in simulation accuracy between the methods suggests that the sensitivity of simulated LUCC to suitability inputs is low with respect to spatial non-stationarity. Therefore, this study provides critical insight on the role of spatial non-stationarity throughout the process of LUCC simulation.     

New tectonic map of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia:Position and evolution of Mesozoic sedimentary basins

The beginning of the XXI century was marked a new rising of the international tectonic cartography as a result of analysis and synthesis of a huge volume of geological information obtained for the territory of Asia especially during the last 30 years. The previous tectonic maps for Asia were created in the 1960 s--1970 s of the last century. Since that time,the national geological surveys have compiled tectonic maps exclusively in the limits of their own state boundaries. The international cooperation of five countries since 2002( Russia,China,Mongolia,Kazakhstan and Republic of Korea) gave a unique possibility to join the data into a united cartographic form as Atlas of Geological Maps( since 2002-Atlas of Geological Maps of Central Asia and since 2007-Atlas of Geological Maps of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia). Both atlases include four maps: geological,tectonic,metallogenic,and energy resources. Tectonic Map of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia and Adjacent Areas at scale 1 ∶ 2 500 000 was the key map for further compilation of the metallogenic and energy resources( coal,oil and gas) maps. By this reason,special attention was given to showing the structure and composition of the Mesozoic sedimentary basins in Northern-Central- Eastern Asia as the most perspective structures for oil-and-gas and coal prospect.     

矿业权边界在资源储量估算垂直纵投影图上的确定

利用垂直纵投影图进行资源储量估算时,当矿体走向与矿业权边界斜交时,矿业权边界在资源储量垂直纵投影图上投影的准确位置较难确定。该文介绍了利用不同中段平面图和利用计算公式确定矿业权边界在资源储量垂直纵投影图上的投影位置,对解决此类问题具有一定的参考价值。     

天文经纬度仿真测量精度分析

介绍了天文测量室内仿真系统原理和天文经纬度测量流程;提出了测量精度的评定方法;分析了仿真系统天文经纬度测量的精度。结果表明:系统天文经纬度测量可以达到二等以上的天文测量要求,可以应用于日常天文测量训练和教学。     

地图学技术、科学、艺术的对立统一

随着地图学内涵和外延的扩展,认识地图学的探索从未停止。本文在现有研究对地图学认识的基础上,分析地图学的技术性、科学性与艺术性,进而探讨地图学技术性、科学性艺术的对立与统一,探索当今时代易变性影响下地图学的恒常性,从技术性、科学性、艺术性角度重新认识地图学。     

Effect of altitude error on position precision of double-star position system

IntroductionDouble-Star is to use two stationary orbit satellitesto locate the target which is located in the overlayarea of the the satellites’wave-beam. The two sat-ellites can only supply two equations. In order toget the three-dimensional position of…     

基于复杂网络理论的城市道路网络自动综合方法

道路网络自动综合是地图综合的主要研究课题。本文通过引入对偶拓扑理论建立了城市道路网络的对偶拓扑结构,并将道路的重要性表达为路网中所有道路的重要度贡献的总和,进而提出了一种道路网络自动综合方法。实验表明,本文方法可以较为合理地选取路网中相对重要的道路,所选路网保持了原始路网的整体形态及拓扑连通。     

互联网电子地图网站的设计与应用

概述了基于电子地图网站的设计思路,并就网站的应用提出了相应的建议,互联网电子地图网站是公共地理信息服务的一个有效应用。     

一种基于Delaunay三角网的栅格线划矢量化方法

提出了一种基于Delaunay三角网的栅格线划矢量化方法。通过运用Delaunay三角网对栅格线划要素进行空间剖分,并根据单个Delaunay三角形的形状特征,提取线划要素骨架线。以栅格地图预处理、线划要素实体识别、线划要素边缘点集生成、线划要素边缘点集Delaunay三角网生成,以及基于Delaunay三角形公共边中点追踪的线划要素骨架线提取为技术路线,详细介绍栅格线划矢量化的具体实现过程,并进行若干实验,以验证方法的准确性与时效性。     

大型GIS与数字地球的空间数学基础研究

将地图投影概念由传统的曲面到平面的变换扩展为曲面到曲面的变换,并提出一套适合于大型GIS和地球数字产品的实用"地图投影"模型。该模型的视图采用等距离切圆柱投影,度量空间是椭球面几何系统,符合计算机环境下GIS视图与度量空间分离的特性。鉴于全球多分辨率连续可视化,精密可视化量算、三维、多维地球数据统一,标准的空间定位框架和只有在统一的空间系统内,全球资源、生态环境数据才能进行精确的地理分析等4个方面的需要,从地图投影发展到本模型将是方向和技术趋势