基于多源兴趣点的模糊地名空间范围划分方法

由于人类对现实世界进行认知和概念化的过程存在模糊性,许多人们在日常生活中使用的地名往往是没有明确边界范围的模糊区域。大数据时代的开启,为模糊地名空间范围的确定与表达提供了新思路。本文提出由k最邻近(k NN)离群点检测算法结合高斯混合模型(GMM)的方法,基于多源兴趣点(POI)数据获取模糊地名空间范围边界。该方法具有能有效识别离群点数据、参数敏感度低的特点。最后,分析了多源POI数据的应用对结果的影响。     

基于阅读实验方法的认知地图形成研究

地图空间认知理论是地图学的基础理论,其基本命题是"地图是人类空间认知工具",核心概念是认知地图.对认知地图的形成进行了全面的总结,给出了地图空间认知的过程框架,进行了基于纸质地图、电子地图、遥感影像和虚拟地理环境阅读的认知实验.论文认为基于阅读行为的认知地图形成过程是从整体到局部的,这和基于亲历的过程是不同的;在基于阅读行为建立对环境的空间认知过程中,大比例尺和小比例尺是存在差异的;基于阅读的认知草图基本上属于"空间型"草图,以区位导向为主;四种不同的认知手段所造成的空间认知结果也是不同的.     

Tourist Willingness to Pay for Protected Area Ecotourism Resources and Influencing Factors at the Hulun Lake Protected Area

We examined the Hulun Lake protected area (HLPA) and tourist willingness to pay (WTP) for ecotourism resources using the contingent valuation method (CVM). Eight hundred questionnaires were distributed in the HLPA and 708 questionnaires were collected. To establish the relationship between variables and WTP, 11 variables were incorporated into the model. Social trust factors and awareness factor were for the first time applied to the models, and two bid equations were obtained by the first and second bid. We found that tourist WTP for ecotourism resources in the HLPA was CNY 14 710 389 in 2010, indicating that tourists have a large WTP for protected area ecotourism resources. Most tourists (79.9%) were willing to pay for ecotourism resources and 21.1% tourists were unwilling to pay. The most common explanation for unwillingness to pay was that it was the government’s responsibility, influenced by special social and economic characteristics in China and indicating that Chinese residents lack resource protection awareness and participation. Income and the awareness of being in a protected area most significantly affected WTP. Trusting protected area authorities significantly affected WTP. Tourists’ satisfaction affected WTP negatively in the first equation and WTP positively in the second equation. These results reveal that tourists had large WTP for ecotourism resources. To improve the WTP for ecotourism resources, the protected area management department could use third-party monitoring mechanisms and accounting systems to strengthen tourists’ trust, and increase ecological education and modify the “one site, several brands” management system.     

The world,the computer,and the mind: how Andrew Frank helped make human language and cognition cornerstones of geographic information science

During the late 1980s and early 1990s, cognitive science was included as one of the key disciplines in the emerging multidisciplinary field of geographic information science (GIScience). One of the key proponents and popularizers of the study of human cognition as part of GIScience – and one of its major researchers – has been Andrew U. Frank. In this essay, we review the history of Andrew Frank’s role as an innovator and champion for cognitive GIScience, and summarize some of his research contributions in this domain. Taken along with his contributions to other areas of GIScience, this review shows that Andrew Frank has been one of the primary figures in modern GIScience, and among its very broadest and intellectually-diverse contributors.     

Janus-Faced Linkages: Understanding External Actors in Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Thailand

In community-based natural resource management, there is an emerging body of research on the work of external actors and their influence in community–resource interrelationships and community management decisions. Contributing to this research, this study examined the work of external actors using findings from semistructured interviews and participant observations conducted in Klong Prasong subdistrict, Krabi Province, Thailand, in mid-2014. The external actors, through Janus-faced linkages, are able to influence community–resource interrelationships and management approaches both positively and negatively. This case study also revealed university researchers, ecotourists, and private investors as non-conventional external actors. By influencing decision-making structures and environmental stewardship, external actors impact on the governance of a community natural resource.     

基于空间认知的地理空间信息知识服务体系初探

结合空间认知理论,提出了地理空间信息知识服务的基本过程,包括空间感受、空间思维、空间分析和知识挖掘等。同时对进行知识服务过程中涉及的地理空间信息管理、信息表达、空间分析和数据挖掘,以及协同计算技术等4个关键技术进行了初步探讨和分析。最后结合实际给出了地理空间信息知识服务将来的应用领域。     

地理空间信息网格的历史演变与思考

网格的概念随着科学技术和社会实践的发展而不断演变,在不同行业中的内涵既有区别又有联系。本文首先分析了地理空间网格的基本特征,提出了地理空间网格的广义和狭义概念。然后,回顾分析了地理空间网格的发展历史,认为地理空间网格是一种人类空间认知的重要思想和理论、方法,地理空间信息网格是信息化条件下的地理空间网格。最后,分析指出了地理空间信息网格以信息化的地球系统为研究对象,以模型理论为基础理论,未来将发展出现代地理空间网格的标准体系和服务体系,不仅服务于人,还将服务于智能化平台,具有广阔发展前景。     

山区生态旅游发展模式研究——以梅州阴那山旅游区为例

近20年来,生态旅游逐渐兴起并成为旅游发展的主流。山区具有别于其他地区的旅游发展模式,研究山区生态旅游发展模式对山区旅游发展具有积极和现实的意义。从生态旅游的概念和内涵出发,总结出山区生态旅游发展模式,并以广东省梅州市阴那山生态旅游发展为例,探讨资源品位不高、区位不佳、经济较薄弱的山区发展生态旅游的道路。     

面向室内导航的分层认知路网优化方法

随着室内空间应用规模的增加以及室内定位技术的发展,面向大型场馆等室内空间的应急救援与导航成为室内GIS应用的研究热点,而室内路网构建是室内应急导航服务得以实现的关键技术。本文面向室内导航寻径的这一现实问题,以室内路网动态构建与优化作为研究对象,基于室内空间感知规律以及分层认知的方式,提出和构建了室内单元认知分层编码方法：① 将建筑物室内路网分为街道-建筑物、建筑物-楼层、楼层-区块、区块-房间等4个层次;② 为了满足语义分析的需求,在分析室内单元功能的基础上,引入“虚拟房间单元”,将室内封闭性空间和联系性空间统一剖分为房间单元;③ 依据室内建筑认知分层模型以及室内单元剖分结果,按照建筑物-楼层-分区-房间单元的顺序,从高级到低级的顺序进行连续分层编码。以国内某商业中心为例构建了室内分层认知路网,每一个层次都可以减少参与运算的结点和弧段数,简化了计算网络,从而提高了运算的效率,同楼层寻径时间约为55 ms,跨楼层的寻径时间约为100 ms左右。结果表明,该分层认知编码模型符合人们对室内路网的经验性层次认知,能够很好地刻画路网层次特征,能满足寻径计算的精度和效率的要求,为面向导航的室内应用奠定了基础。     

对国标(GB/T 20257.1-2007)地形图图式的认识

简要介绍国家基本比例尺地图图式第一部分(GB/T 20257.1-2007)与(GB/T7929-1995)在地形图要素内容分类、要素符号等方面关系以及笔者的认识、建议。