手机通信无线基站防雷检测方法和步骤

运用雷电防护理论,探讨手机通信无线基站在当前防雷设备配置下,进行防雷检测的方法和步骤,并提出在防雷检测中注意的一些问题。     

烟台港倾倒区表层沉积物重金属的富集特征及风险评价

分析了2001~2011年烟台港倾倒区表层沉积物中6种重金属的含量及时空分布特征,采用地累积指数(Igeo)和潜在生态风险指数(ERI)对重金属富集现状及潜在生态风险进行评价。结果显示：历次调查重金属含量均较低且空间分布差异小,与黄海背景值相比, Cd和Cu出现一定程度的富集。ERI评价表明2011年倾倒区潜在生态风险性较低,年际变化顺序为：2008年＞2006年＞2009年＞2011年＞2001年, Cd和Hg是近年来的主要风险因子。     

厦门岛会展中心海滩养护及其对我国海岸防护的启示

硬式护岸是传统的海岸防护手段.近几十年来,以养护海滩为主的软式护岸已成为欧美发达国家海岸防护的主要措施,而我国尚处于起步阶段.本文以厦门岛会展中心海岸养滩实践为例,通过分析其海岸地貌演变历史、数值模拟养滩工程方案及定期观测海滩养护后剖面的变化,论述了该工程的必要性和可行性,以及养护后海滩的稳定性.同时,结合发达国家护岸的发展趋势,对我国的护岸转型作了思考.研究表明厦门岛会展中心海滩养护工程的施工使该海岸防护方式由硬式转变为软式,工程完成后为期半年的剖面监测数据显示单位宽度留存的沙量平均为381.4 m3/m,为施工初期平均值440 m3/m的86.7％,表明该海滩基本稳定.海滩养护可以修复受损的海滩或者营造新的滨海沙滩,改善滨海城市环境,提高城市品位,促进城市滨海旅游的发展,进而带动社会经济的发展,具有社会、经济、环境、生态等多方面的效应.我国海岸防护观念正在由传统的硬结构护岸转向软式的沙滩护岸,海滩养护将是我国未来海岸防护的一种更好的措施.     

基于3维全景地图的重大环境风险源管理系统构建研究

从环境风险源的可视化管理和应急辅助决策出发,提出了基于3维全景地图的环境风险源管理系统的技术架构,研究了3维全景地图数据的建设过程,并基于3维全景技术实现了环境风险源的全面管控,其研究成果对于其他省市环境风险源的日常监管、应急处置等具有较好的参考价值。     

吉林延边地区土壤钙元素生态地球化学

在吉林延边地区系统的野外调查和土壤及苹果梨果实样品采集、测试的基础上,采用统计对比及相关分析方法研究了土壤钙元素全量、交换性钙及果实钙含量的空间差异,以及土壤-果实系统中钙元素的转化吸收特征及其对果实品质的影响,目的在于揭示钙元素的迁移转化规律及其生态效应,为土地利用服务。结果表明：延边地区土壤中钙全量总体上缺乏,不同研究区土壤-果实钙元素转化吸收差别明显;果实中钙元素含量趋于一致,其吸收系数在可变范围内与土壤交换性钙含量呈极显著负相关;土壤交换性钙含量与pH值呈极显著正相关,与果品品质的4项指标(总糖、总酸、可溶性固形物和维生素C）具有显著相关性,其含量丰富有利于果品品质的提高。     

青藏铁路开通后对西藏生态足迹和生态承载力的影响

青藏铁路的开通, 在加快西藏经济社会发展速度的同时, 对西藏的生态环境变化也会产生重要影响. 运用生态足迹法, 从铁路客运和货运两个方面, 计算2006-2011年青藏铁路开通带给西藏的生态足迹的变化及趋势, 探讨了青藏铁路开通对西藏生态足迹变化的影响. 铁路客运产生的生态足迹主要体现在旅游生态足迹方面, 主要包括铁路入藏游客的住宿、餐饮和购物产生的生态足迹;货运方面主要包括货物运入和运出两个方面. 结果表明: 铁路客运产生的旅游生态足迹中, 住宿比重最高, 购物次之, 餐饮最少. 总体铁路输入的旅游生态足迹仅占不考虑铁路开通时西藏总生态足迹的1%左右;而铁路货物运入的生态承载力逐年上升, 且占不考虑铁路开通时西藏总生态足迹的比重较大, 最大达到51%, 对西藏生态足迹产生重要影响;铁路开通输入的生态足迹远远小于铁路为西藏增加的生态承载力.     

厦门城市空间拓展的生态敏感性评价

在综合分析海湾型城市自然生态与社会生态属性的基础上,选取了高程、坡度、河流水库、植被覆盖、土地覆盖和生态保护区等6个因子,作为生态敏感性评价的指标。另外,借助GIS空间分析单因子评价与多因子加权综合评价方法,研究了生态敏感性程度及其空间分布特征,将厦门的生态敏感性划分为4级:不敏感、较敏感、中敏感和高敏感。综合评价结果表明,厦门市生态敏感性在空间分布上差异显著:高度敏感区占研究区总面积的28.1%,低敏感区和不敏感区分别占研究区总面积的27.9%和33.6%。中度敏感区占的比例较小,仅为10.4%。     

滨海休闲体育产业的绿色发展研究

概述了滨海休闲体育产业绿色发展的研究现状,界定了滨海休闲体育产业绿色发展的概念,论述了滨海休闲体育产业绿色发展的必然趋势,分析了绿色发展的制约因素,探讨了滨海休闲体育产业绿色发展的实现路径。     

Dynamic response and optimal design of structures with large mass ratio TMD

This paper investigates the dynamic behavior and the seismic effectiveness of a non‐conventional Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) with large mass ratio. Compared with conventional TMD, the device mass is increased up to be comparable with the mass of the structure to be protected, aiming at a better control performance. In order to avoid the introduction of an excessive additional weight, masses already present on the structure are converted into tuned masses, retaining structural or architectural functions beyond the mere control function. A reduced order model is introduced for design purposes and the optimal design of a large mass ratio TMD for seismic applications is then formulated. The design method is specifically developed to implement High‐Damping Rubber Bearings (HDRB) to connect the device mass to the main structure, taking advantage of combining stiffness and noticeable damping characteristics. Ground acceleration is modeled as a Gaussian random process with white noise power spectral density. A numerical searching technique is used to obtain the optimal design parameter, the frequency ratio alpha, which minimizes the root‐mean‐square displacement response of the main structure. The study finally comprises shaking table tests on a 1:5 scale model under a wide selection of accelerograms, both artificial and natural, to assess the seismic effectiveness of the proposed large mass ratio TMD. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Seismic response of steel frame structures with hybrid passive control systems

The concept of the hybrid passive control system is studied analytically by investigating the seismic response of steel frame structures. Hybrid control systems consist of two different passive elements combined into a single device or system. The hybrid systems investigated in this research consist of a rate‐dependent damping device paired with a rate‐independent energy dissipation element. The innovative configurations exploit individual element strengths and offset their weaknesses through multiphased behavior. A nine‐story, five‐bay steel moment‐frame was used for the analysis. Six different seismic resisting systems were analyzed and compared. The conventional systems included a special moment‐resisting frame (SMRF) and a dual SMRF–buckling‐restrained brace (BRB) system. The final four configurations are hybrid passive systems. The different hybrid configurations utilize a BRB and either a high‐damping rubber damper or viscous fluid damper. The analyses were run in the form of an incremental dynamic analysis. Several damage measures were calculated, including maximum roof drift, base shear, and total roof acceleration. The results demonstrate the capability of hybrid passive control systems to improve structural response compared with conventional lateral systems and to be effective for performance‐based seismic design. Each hybrid configuration improved some aspect of structural response with some providing benefits for multiple damage measures. The multiphased nature provides improved response for frequent and severe seismic events. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.