海南岛山区土地的持续利用评价——以琼中、通什为例

土地持续利用就是要达到生态合理性、经济有效性和社会可接受性。本文以琼中县和通什市为例，通过土地利用现状分析、土地持续利用评价，提出了实现其土地持续利用的对策措施。     

西藏自治区生态环境问题及对策

以青藏高原生态环境构成和社会经济发展。分析了西藏自治区存在的生态环境问题及生态环境发展趋势，提出生态环境建设分区及区域生态环境建设对策。     

贡嘎山东坡亚高山森林系统植被光合作用——双裂蟹甲草（Cacalia davidii）净光合速率对生态因子的响应

以双裂蟹甲草(Cacaliadavidii)为材料，研究其净光合速率对生态因子的响应。结果表明，双裂蟹甲草净光合速率(P     

The impacts of urbanization on soil erosion in the Loess Plateau region

1 IntroductionThe Loess Plateau region covers an area of 62.4(104 km2 and lies in the center of northern China. Urbanization and economic development have been quickened in recent decades. Both the number of towns established and scale of cities have increased. Although the pace of urbanization has been accelerated, the eco-environmental control in urban areas still lags behind relatively. Moreover, the construction and development of cities damaged the already vulnerable eco-environment to …     

人地关系调控与生态环境 --以长江洪灾为例

以长江洪灾为例，分析了人地相互作用的内容与方式，人地关系系统调控的任务与措施。认为洪灾频发的重要原因是人类对地质资源的不合理开发利用而导致生态系统的严重破坏。并认为要培植生态系统的抗干扰能力，应及时调整人地关系，改善农村的经济方式与经济条件，把生态建设作为国家长治久安的根本大事长期坚持下去。     

Environmental mitigation and the Upper Yazoo Projects

The US Army Engineer District, Vicksburg (CELMK), evaluated an array of flood control alternatives, which included up to 167 water control structures, 52 confined disposal facilities, and 47 borrow pits as part of a major flood control effort known as the Upper Yazoo Projects (UYP). Many of these project features are capable of ponding water and thus can be managed to mitigate for aquatic, terrestrial, waterfowl, and wetland resource losses expected to occur as a result of the UYP. The benefits to be derived will depend upon the land uses and management of the ponded areas. The US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station developed procedures to quantify the cost and habitat benefits of the many management options for these sites. The mitigation strategy was derived by optimizing various combinations of land acquisition, reforestation, land-use change, and site hydrology so that the least-cost mitigation plan could be selected.     

Potential impacts of global warming on the frequency and magnitude of heavy precipitation

It is now widely recognised that the most significant impacts of global warming are likely to be experienced through changes in the frequency of extreme events, including flooding. This paper reviews physical and empirical arguments which suggest that global warming may result in a more intense hydrological cycle, with an associated increase in the frequency and/or magnitude of heavy precipitation. Results derived from enhanced-greenhouse experiments using global climate models (GCMs) are shown to be consistent with these physical and empirical arguments. Detailed analysis of output from three GCMs indicates the possibility of substantial increases in the frequency and magnitude of extreme daily precipitation, with amplification of the effect as the return period increases. Moreover, return period analyses for locations in Australia, Europe, India, China and the USA indicate that the results are global in scope. Subsequent discussion of the limitations of GCMs for this sort of analysis highlights the need for caution when interpreting the precipitation results presented here. However, the consistency between physically-based expectations, empirical observations, and GCM results is considered sufficient for the GCM results to be taken seriously, at least in a qualitative sense, especially considering that the alternative seems to be reliance by planners on the fundamentally flawed concept of a stationary climate.     

A study on the possible impacts of climate warming on rice production in China

IntroductionBecauseoftherapidindustrialiZation,eSPeciallytheuseoffossilfijels,atmosphericconcentrahonofgreenhousegases,suchascabindioxide(CO2)andotherradiahvelyachvetracegases,haveincreasedconsiderablyinthepastcentury,thatwouldinducetoagradualw~ngoftheplanetthroughgreenhouseeffectS[l'2].TheincreaseofCOZconcenhationintheatmosphereanditSinducedclimatechangewouldimpactonagricultUlalproduchonbothdireehyandindirectly'"1.faceisoneofthemostimportantcropsforfoodproduchonintheworld.faceproduchoninC…     

Panta Rhei 2013–2015: global perspectives on hydrology,society and change

ABSTRACT

In 2013, the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) launched the hydrological decade 2013–2022 with the theme “Panta Rhei: Change in Hydrology and Society”. The decade recognizes the urgency of hydrological research to understand and predict the interactions of society and water, to support sustainable water resource use under changing climatic and environmental conditions. This paper reports on the first Panta Rhei biennium 2013–2015, providing a comprehensive resource that describes the scope and direction of Panta Rhei. We bring together the knowledge of all the Panta Rhei working groups, to summarize the most pressing research questions and how the hydrological community is progressing towards those goals. We draw out interconnections between different strands of research, and reflect on the need to take a global view on hydrology in the current era of human impacts and environmental change. Finally, we look back to the six driving science questions identified at the outset of Panta Rhei, to quantify progress towards those aims.

Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor not assigned