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31.
We present predictions for the numbers of ultracool dwarfs in the Galactic disc population that could be detected by the WFCAM/UKIDSS Large Area Survey and Ultra Deep Survey. Simulated samples of objects are created with masses and ages drawn from different mass functions and birthrates. Each object is then given absolute magnitudes in different passbands based on empirically derived bolometric correction versus effective temperature relationships (or model predictions for Y dwarfs). These are then combined with simulated space positions, velocities and photometric errors to yield observables such as apparent magnitudes and proper motions. Such observables are then passed through the survey selection mechanism to yield histograms in colour. This technique also produces predictions for the proper motion histograms for ultracool dwarfs and estimated numbers for the as yet undetected Y dwarfs. Finally, it is shown that these techniques could be used to constrain the ultra-low-mass mass function and birthrate of the Galactic disc population. 相似文献
32.
Theoretical predictions of an accretion model of star formation in galactic clusters, published quite long ago, which is found
to have some relevance with the current picture of star formation have been tested with observation of seven clusters of young
and intermediate ages. It is found that the agreement between the theory and observation is very good. 相似文献
33.
34.
Thembela Kepe 《Geoforum》2008,39(2):958-968
Different types of vegetation found in local environments are of value to rural livelihoods of many African households. However, the dominant way of expressing this value, which is mainly through economic valuation studies, is potentially limiting this knowledge’s usefulness in policy and research, due to the inability to present full picture. Using literature review and insights from field work, the paper argues that realized and notional values of vegetation to rural livelihoods are socially constructed and contested, and - in addition to understanding local livelihood context, which include social difference, and ecological dynamics - a focus on social institutions as terrains of negotiation is crucial. This means that resource value in rural livelihoods can be realized through contested and negotiated access arrangements that are mediated by complex institutions at local and external levels. 相似文献
35.
The Cambrian-Vendian groundwater body plays an important role in drinking water supply of capital Tallinn and other settlements
in northern Estonia. Water quality in this deep-seated confined groundwater body is influenced by the intrusion of present-day
seawater and pumping-induced upward migration of deeper saline groundwater. The aim of this study is to evaluate the threshold
values applying the methodology worked out within the EU 6th FP project “Background criteria for the identification of groundwater
thresholds (BRIDGE)” and to compare the results with the values proposed by local authorities. A database containing 250 monitoring
points was completed and used for the calculation of natural background levels (as the 90 and 97.7 percentile) in groundwater.
The calculation of threshold values is based on natural background levels and reference values. In case of Cambrian-Vendian
groundwater body the receptor is drinking water, thus limit values set by Estonian drinking water standard were used as reference
values. The threshold values proposed by local authorities are more or less the same as calculated by BRIDGE methodology.
Exceptionally different values are derived in case of chloride and ammonium. 相似文献
36.
37.
P-III分布参数的概率权重矩法S函数计算 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
概率权重矩法是一种估计统计分布参数的方法.本文根据不完全Γ函数在无限区间积分,推导了P-Ⅲ分布参数的S函数的计算公式.通过现有计算公式比较,其计算结果具有较高的计算精度,避免了的大量的数值积分计算.文中公式只要借助于计算编程进行求解,给定超几何函数项一定的截断误差,其运算具有较高的运行速度.文中计算公式是一种P-Ⅲ分布参数S函数的计算途径. 相似文献
38.
39.
浙江省海岛沿岸水域微生物生态分布 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文章报道了浙江海岛沿岸水域中异养细菌、氨化细菌和反硝化细菌的数量分布及异养细菌的种群组成。结果表明:本调查海区异养细菌的数量较多,其数量分布范围在2.04×104~8.36×106个/dm3之间;氨化细菌数量分布范围在3.0×103~1.1×106个/dm3之间;反硝化细菌的数量分布范围在3.0×102~1.1-106个/dm3之间。细菌的数量与环境中营养盐的浓度之间存在密切关系。在不同的海区异养细菌的种群组成存在一定的差异,在浙北海区,革兰氏阴性菌所占比例为41.6%,在浙中海区为46.9%,在浙南海区为64.9%。 相似文献
40.
根据大亚湾的自然条件认为,大亚湾沉积物的物质来源是其周围集水区的岩石风化壳,并计算了其风化壳中重金属元素的平均丰度值;又根据沉积物的粒度和深层沉积物重金属元素的含量资料,列方程计算出湾内沉积物中重金属元素的平均含量,根据这两组数据,确定该区域内重金属元素的平均背景值。再通过粒度关系,计算得出大亚湾内各站沉积物中重金属元素的背景值。应用此结果和大亚湾沉积物重金属元素实测结果,计算了由人为影响带入沉积物中的重金属元素含量,了解其受污染的程度。 相似文献