Influence of Ecological Technology Measures on the Annual Sediment Load of the Wuding River

The influence of ecological technology measures on the annual sediment loads of rivers complies with the principles of statistics. In this paper, the annual sediment load of the Wuding River is taken as the dependent variable and the rainfall, rainstorms during the flood period of the Wuding River and areas of ecological technology measures are taken as the independent variables to analyze the influence of ecological technology measures on the annual sediment load of the Wuding River during the years 1956 to 2007. This research uses a stepwise regression method. The result shows that 1) the non-linear regression equation composed of three independent variables including 7-8 monthly rainfalls along the Wuding River, areas of ecological technology measures and maximum daily rainfall along the Wuding River has been calculated and set up; the correlation coefficient is R²=0.857 and the significance level is α=0.001. 2) R²=0.717 is adjusted and the regression equation reveals a change of annual sediment load exceeding 71.7% over 52 years; 3) The standardized regression coefficient for ecological technology measure area has the maximum absolute value of the three independent variables shows maximum influence on the change of annual sediment load; and 4) Because of implementing the ecological technology measures, until to year of 2007, when the 7-8 monthly rainfall and maximum daily rainfall are the maximum values in the research section, the annual sediment load is calculated as 149million ton, which is 36% of the maximum value in the history.     

我国高碘卤水分布规律及其形成

根据国内外大量实际资料,从碘的分布情况及其所处的地质条件,结合石油和天然气形成过程、油气藏类型及其分布特点,探讨高碘卤水分布的规律及其形成条件,在此基础上指出了我国的找碘方向。     

林州市生态农业可持续发展浅论

生态农业是实施农业可持续发展的关键,文章用系统研究方法,从林州市生态农业可持续发展基础条件,现存问题入手,对生态农业可持续发展与对策进行了探讨。     

山东济宁任城区采煤塌陷地治理和生态修复研究

在总结和分析山东济宁任城区采煤塌陷地治理现状和治理模式的基础上,辅以具体案例,分析探讨了任城区采煤塌陷地治理存在的主要问题,提出了有针对性的措施和建议,如：加大国土空间规划统筹力度,建立系统治理机制等,为提升采煤塌陷地综合治理和生态修复提供一定的参考。     

上海市居民乡村旅游行为特征及感知研究

运用旅游心理学原理,采用比较分析和交互分析等研究方法,分析了上海市居民乡村旅游的人口学特征、行为偏好以及效果感知,并提出加强乡村旅游宣传力度、观念创新和服务管理等建议.     

海洋生态系统健康评价的底栖生物指数法研究进展

海洋大型底栖无脊椎动物能对自然和人为活动导致的水和沉积物质量变化做出可预测的响应,因此利用底栖生物作为海洋生态环境监测的生物指标和进行系统健康度量的生物指数已经得到了广泛的认可.本文比较分析了几种常用的和正在发展的海洋生态系统健康和生态环境质量状况评估的底栖生物指数,包括指示生物法、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、BI指数、AMBI指数和Bentix指数,总结了这几种生物指数的应用和特性,探讨了底栖生物指数在实际应用中可能存在的问题和解决的办法,以期为我国海洋生态系统健康评估工作提供参考.     

广东汕头湾表层沉积物重金属含量分布及风险评价

汕头湾地处汕头东部,是珠三角经济区和海峡西岸经济区重要的海上交通枢纽。因受周边城镇、养殖区排污等影响,汕头湾的海洋环境已受污染,生态健康问题不容忽视。沉积物中重金属是反映区域环境质量的重要因子,本研究通过测定汕头湾海域29个表层沉积物样品中重金属Zn、Cu、Cr、Cd、Pb、Hg、As含量,分析了各元素的平面分布特征,并运用主成分分析法(PCA)、地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对该区域沉积物中重金属的来源及潜在生态风险进行了探讨。结果表明:汕头湾海域表层沉积物的金属含量变化范围为CZn(15. 3～280. 4 mg/kg)、CCu(2. 0～84. 6mg/kg)、CCr(3. 0～130. 8 mg/kg)、CCd(0. 05～1. 07 mg/kg)、CPb(12. 97～39. 31 mg/kg)、CHg(0. 008～0. 171 mg/kg)、CAs(1. 60～16. 50 mg/kg),榕江入海口处为重金属元素的高值区,在拦沙堤的两侧,元素Zn、Cu、Cr、Cd的含量差别较大。相关性分析和主成分分析结果显示,重金属具有相同污染来源,工业废水和城市排污等人类活动输入是主要途径,其分布特征受有机碳、硫化物及细粒级组分等环境因子的影响。地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法的结果表明,在榕江入海口附近区域,重金属表现出强的生态风险,而拦沙堤东侧海域为轻微生态风险,Hg、Cu、Cd是主要污染元素。     

真江蓠杭州湾海域栽培试验及生态因子对藻体生长的影响

在杭州湾上海金山海域进行了真江蓠(Gracilaria verrucosa)栽培试验并在实验室内研究了温度、盐度和光照强度对真江蓠生长的影响。结果表明,温度、盐度和光照强度对真江蓠的生长影响极显著(P0.01)。真江蓠生长适宜温度为20~30℃;适宜盐度为15~25;适宜光照强度在90μmol/(m2.s)左右。温度、盐度和光照强度对真江蓠生长存在显著的交互效应(P0.05),三者的最佳组合为温度25℃、盐度20和光照强度90μmol/(m2.s)。海区栽培实验表明真江蓠可在杭州湾海域正常生长,全年平均特定生长率(RSG)为9.42%/d。     

塔里木河下游河岸带地下水埋深对生态输水的响应过程

为了解塔里木河下游生态输水量与地下水埋深多年响应变化过程,得出地下水埋深对生态输水的响应变化规律,以塔里木河下游英苏断面为研究区,运用定性与定量分析方法,综合考虑不同输水差异（包括零输水年即2008年、输水极少年即2009年、输水较多年2011年等）,对2000-2015年英苏断面1 050 m范围内地下水埋深数据进行了分析。结果表明：研究断面内地下水埋深在各年份总体呈现比较平稳的递减趋势,年内个别月具有较大的增幅,另外由于冻土消融等因素影响,地下水埋深在2~3月有一定的增幅;离河较近区域的地下水埋深变化对生态输水的响应具有时间同步性,而离河道较远地区的地下水埋深在响应时间上存在滞后性,本研究断面1 050 m范围内地下水埋深响应时间维持在1 a内;经过多年生态输水过程,英苏监测断面距离河道约750 m范围内地下水平均埋深维持在2~6 m范围内,基本达到植物生长所需地下水埋深水平;另外,综合分析研究断面多年输水引起的地下水位响应过程,为获得生态输水过程所带来的最大生态效益,生态输水不仅要保持一定的输水量,还要保持输水年周期的连续性。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Aerial photography and image interpretation for Resource Management . DAVID P. PAINE . Analytical Models and Techniques Spatial Processes Models and Applications A. D. CLIFF AND J. K. ORD Quantitative and Statistical Approaches to Geography: A Practical Manual JOHN A. MATTHEWS . Cartography and Maps Map Data Processing . HERBERT FREEMAN AND GOFFREDO G. PIERONI , eds. Computer-assisted Cartography: Principles and Prospects, 1982 . MARK S. MONMONIER . Cultural Navajo Architecture: Forms, History, Distributions . STEPHEN C. JETT AND VIRGINIA E . SPENCER . Rational Landscapes and Humanistic Geography . EDWARD RELPH . Economic The Structure and Control of a State Economy . W. L. L'ESPERANCE . Economic Geography . JAMES O. WHEELER AND PETER O. MULLER . The Myth of the Family Farm: Agribusiness Dominance of U.S. Agriculture . INGOLF VOCELER . Libya: The Experience of Oil . J. A. ALLEN . Geography of Public Finance, Welfare Under Fiscal Federalism and local Government Finance . ROBERT BENNETT . Environmental Management, Resources, and Systems Mountains and Man . LARRY W. PRICE . Environmental Geology . DONALD R. COATES . An Introduction to Environmental Systems . G. H. DURY . The Environment: Chinese and American Views . Edited by LAURENCE J. C. MA AND ALLEN G. NOBLE . Land Use in America . RICHARD H. JACKSON . Medical Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Medical Geography . MELINDA S. MEADE (ed.). Philosophy and Geographic Thought Birds in Egg/Eggs in Bird . GUNNAR OLSSON . PhysicaI Climatology: Selected Applications . J. E. OLIVER . Geomorphological Techniques . ANDREW GOUDIE (ed.). Political Politics, Geography and Behaviour . RICHARD MUIR AND RONAN PADDISON . The State of the World Atlas . MICHAEL KIDRON AND RONALD SECAL . Population The Population of the South . DUDLEY L. POSTON , JR . AND ROBERT H. WELLER , eds. Regional Latin America: Economic Development and Regional Differentiation . ARTHUR MORRIS . Developing the Amazon . EMILIO F. MORAN . Western Europe: A Systematic Human Geography . BRIAN W. ILBERY . Settlement Systems in Sparsely Settled Regions: The United States and Australia . RICHARD E. LONSDALEAND JOHN H. HOLMES , eds. African Perspectives: The Economic Geography of Nine African States . HARM DE BUJ AND ESMOND MARTIN , eds. Rural Nonmetropolitan America in Transition . AMOS H. HAWLEY AND SARA MILLS MAZIE , eds. Social Crime and Environment . R. NORMAN DAVIDSON . The Ghetto: Readings with Interpretations . JOE T. DARDEN , ed. Urban Urban Problems and Planning in the Developed World . MICHAEL PACIONE (ed.) Problems and Planning in Third World Cities . Edited by MICHAEL PACIONE . The City in West Europe . D. BURTENSHAW , M. BATEMAN , AND C. J. ASHWORTH .