台湾地质与台湾四大公园

台湾是一个第三纪以来形成的岛屿,气候温和,四面环海,高山连绵,急流密布,在强烈的新构造运动的地质作用下,形成各种壮丽的自然景色,在介绍台湾地质构造的基础上,着重阐述台湾最具有代表性四大“国家公园”自然景色及其与地质构造作用之间的成因联系,以提高旅游质量,发展旅游地学。     

Chinese Industrial and Science Parks: Bridging the Gap

This article proposes the addition of a “bridge high technology” stage to Park's (1996) Asian development model, based upon field research and analysis of four “science and technology parks” in different regions of China: Shenzhen, Shanghai, Suzhou, and Xi’an. Initially established as learning districts to foster technology transfer from foreign to domestic enterprises, these specially configured spaces exhibit a variety of interactions indicating an increasing shift toward domestically generated technology for native companies. The mix and type of companies in parks at different locations within China reflect the locational comparative advantages of each place, whether as an outgrowth of local research or by government design.     

国家公园公益化管理国外相关研究及启示

国家公园通过公益化管理体现其公益性。相关主体行为是相应管理的主要对象,以使之产生正外部性,减少或消除其负外部性。国外国家公园已有100多年的公益化管理实践,产生了大量研究。论文分析、归纳国外学者在相关方面所关注的主要内容,并系统梳理针对这些内容的研究,总结出其对国内国家公园公益化管理中应对现实问题、达成“理顺权属关系、扩大社会参与、实现公益服务、保障社区利益”等目标的启示：非国有土地管理合约化、管理权限系统化、保护责任制度化、社会募捐常态化、生态保护科学化;以及通过构建渠道、科学组织实现公众参与保护及管理;以体现公益、优化体验、环境教育为目标提供游憩服务;以正外部性最大、负外部性最小为原则对企业及访客进行管理;以激励相融、利益保障为原则实现社区共管共享等。     

Improving National Park Service and Nonprofit Partnerships—Lessons from the National Trail System

Federal land management agencies are increasingly relying on collaborative partnerships for managing national trails, heritage areas, scenic rivers, and recreation areas. For agencies such as the National Park Service, these joint approaches are significantly different from traditional management approaches. This article uses a case study of the Juan Bautista De Anza National Historic Trail to identify partnership lessons for this case and other protected areas that rely on public–private partnerships. The research highlights partnership issues with nonprofit capacity and mission alignment, project momentum, and leadership dilemmas. We suggest that agencies such as the National Park Service need to assess the mission and capacity of community and nonprofit groups to determine their partnership approach. This is a significant shift, from agencies simply needing to find organizations willing to partner on collaborative management efforts, to a role in assessing, forming, and developing nonprofit partners.     

国内外高新科技园区研究进展

以研究视角变化为主线,对国内高新科技园区相关研究进行了回顾与总结,发现在经济全球化背景下．国内外对高新科技园区的研究已经从原来注重单个园区和园区之间的比较研究转变为重视园区内外企业的对比的综合研究,并以此提出了国内外高新科技园区今后深入研究的主要方向和领域。     

广州中心城区免费公园公共交通出行便利度分析

公交车和地铁是普通市民公园休闲的主要出行方式。通过统计公园500 m范围内的公交线路数和1 km范围内地铁站点数,构建公共交通出行便利度模型,比较分析广州中心城区33个免费公园的出行便利度。结果显示：（1）由于历史区位的原因,免费公园的公共交通出行便利度呈现明显的旧城核心指向特征;（2）公园之间公共交通出行便利度差异显著,公园便利度最高值与最低值之间相差近100倍;（3）综合公园的便利度最高,社区公园次之,专类公园最低;（4）地铁对公园公共交通出行便利度的贡献大于公交车。     

生态产业园区的循环经济发展框架——以宁波化工区为例

在积极实践循环经济的探索之中,各地在产业集中区建立由共生企业群组成的生态产业园区成为重要的行动之一,并已经取得了显著的成效。整合已有的生态产业园区发展规划思路,以循环经济理论和产业生态学原理为指导,通过园区的产业组织、空间规划、环境管理、公用辅助设施集成和文化认同等五个方面,构建宁波化学工业区在循环经济领域的概念性发展框架,并提出相应的发展策略。     

Modeling relationships between the network distance and travel time dynamics for assessing equity of accessibility to urban parks

Static models of accessibility are usually based on the fixed distance or Average Travel Time (ATT) models. Because of ignoring the traffic as a dynamic process affecting the accessibility through the change of Travel Time (TT), these models lead to unperceived temporal inequities. In contrast to the consideration of the temporal Variation of TT (VTT) in the previous studies, the variation of traffic- related TT and its relations with network distance has not been considered. In this study, relations between VTT and network distance to access urban parks in Tehran megacity has been modeled. Traffic maps at five times of day are used to produce TT maps of Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZs) to their 3-closest parks. Comparison of the Gini coefficients of accessibility show significant inequities of accessibility at different times of day. Relations between the distance, ATT, and TTmax are modeled by statistical analysis. Results show both TT and TTmax have significant positive relations with distance and traffic and reach their maximum at 6 p.m. Observation of significant relations between distance, ATT, TTmax, and VTT provides interesting knowledge for the conversion of temporal measures of equity (TT) to a physical measure of equity (distance). A simple application of these findings for effective management of the spatiotemporal inequities is the definition of critical distances from public services. As an example, to decrease the TTmax of TAZs to less than 12 min, their maximum distance to the closest parks should be less than 4 km. The developed approach can be adopted for the accessibility evaluation of the other public services, particularly the health and education centers.     

世界著名高科技园区的营运和发展

高科技园区是一种新的产业空间。本文以硅谷、新竹、新加坡等著名高科技园区为例，探讨了高科技园区营运和发展的特点，包括管理模式、土地开发机制、招商机制、发展路径、产业群的特点以及高科技园区工业化和城市化之间的相互关系。