物化探综合信息找矿方法在萤石矿找矿中的应用

福建光泽地区是闽北地区重要的萤石矿成矿远景区,具有寻找隐伏—半隐伏萤石矿的潜力,但是目前该区隐伏—半隐伏萤石矿找矿成果较少。通过对福建光泽地区I号萤石矿预测区开展物化探综合信息找矿方法应用,探讨物化探综合信息找矿方法在隐伏—半隐伏萤石矿找矿中的应用效果。结果表明: 区域水系沉积物测量和大比例尺化探剖面测量圈出的F、Ca等综合异常信息可协助筛选、确定萤石矿找矿目标区; 将高精度磁法测量与视电阻率联合剖面测量相结合,可进一步判断萤石矿控矿构造的位置和规模; 高密度电阻率法测量可协助确定控矿构造的深部延伸情况。地表检查和深部钻探验证表明: 区域化探、高精度磁法测量、视电阻率联合剖面测量和高密度电阻率法测量等物化探综合信息找矿方法组合,可指导隐伏—半隐伏萤石矿的找矿工作。     

Exploring the stemflow dynamics and driving factors at both inter- and intra-event scales in a typical subtropical deciduous forest

Numerous efforts have been made to understand stemflow dynamics under different types of vegetation at the inter-event scale, but few studies have explored the stemflow characteristics and corresponding influencing factors at the intra-event scale. An in-depth investigation of the inter- and intra-event dynamics of stemflow is important for understanding the ecohydrological processes in forest ecosystems. In this study, stemflow volume (F_V), stemflow funnelling ratio (F_R), and stemflow ratio (F_%) from Quercus acutissima and Broussonetia papyrifera trees were measured at both inter- and intra-event scales in a subtropical deciduous forest, and the driving factors, including tree species and meteorological factors were further explored. Specifically, the F_V, F_R and F_% of Q. acutissima (52.3 L, 47.2, 9.6%) were lower than those of B. papyrifera (85.1 L, 91.2, 12.4%). The effect of tree species on F_V and F_% was more obvious under low intensity rainfall types. At the inter-event scale, F_V had a strong positive linear correlation with rainfall amount (G_P) and event duration (D_E) for both tree species, whereas F_R and F_% had a positive logarithmic correlation with G_P and D_E only under high-intensity, short-duration rainfall type. F_R and F_% were mainly affected by wind speed and the maximum 30-min rainfall intensity under low-intensity, long-duration rainfall type. At the intra-event scale, for both tree species, the mean lag time between the start of rainfall and stemflow was the shortest under high-intensity, short-duration rainfall type, while the mean duration and amount of stemflow after rain cessation were the greatest under high-amount, long-duration rainfall type. The relationship between stemflow intensity and rainfall intensity at the 5-min interval scale also depended greatly on rainfall type. These findings can help clarify stemflow dynamics and driving factors at both inter- and intra-event scales, and also provide abundant data and parameters for ecohydrological simulations in subtropical forests.     

太行山东麓汤西断裂南段活动特征分析

采用槽探、年代样品测试、阶地调查和形变测量监测等方法，对太行山东麓汤西断裂南段进行研究，分析其活动特征。结果表明，汤西断裂发育于中更新世，历经多次活动，断裂并未上延到上更新统地层中，其南段的活动强度较高，最新活动年代为中更新世；汤西断裂西代村场地的垂直形变监测（1999~2014年）结果存在异常，综合监测点数据和区域新构造特征分析发现，该异常可能是研究区区域形变场的反映，并非由汤西断裂活动引起。     

ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

正20142114Lin Quansheng(China University of Geosciences,Bejing 100083,China)On the Geologic Characteristics and Economic Significance of the Cambrian Lintian Group in Fujian Province(Geology of Fujian,ISSN1001-3970,CN35-1080/P,32(4),2013,p.264-273,2illus.,2tables,6refs.)     

闽赣跨断层短水准地点可视化系统设计与实现

针对闽赣地区24个短水准场地现有水准测量数据多而缺乏统一有效管理的问题,提出了建立地图服务发布及数据管理分析一体化系统的方案。在方案设计的基础上,结合Access数据库、ArcGIS Server、Android开发平台、.NET及相关ArcEngine开发平台,构建地图服务发布及数据库管理服务器端、桌面应用端、移动应用端,开发实现了统一式数据管理、地图服务发布、数据分析应用等功能,从而为闽赣地区地震监测提供决策分析支持。     

福建县域人口流动空间差异分析

针对当前国内对人口流动空间分布问题常采用的单一指标以及数理统计方法、忽略了空间效应、很难正确识别人口流动地域类型以及空间分布模式的问题,提出了一种以县域以人口净迁移率为横坐标和以人口总迁移率为纵坐标的复合指标法。首先对2010-2013年福建省85个县域的人口流动地域类型进行了测度和划分;随后,为进一步探索人口流动集聚程度,采用探索性空间数据分析方法进行了量化分析。结果表明:福建省县域人口流动空间分布差异显著;福建省县域人口流动的地理集聚特征显著且存在明显的正相关关系,并且"低-低"类型分布占据主要地位。研究结果为发现福建省县域人口流动空间模式,更好地为人口流动区域差异进行量化分析提供了强有力的支撑。     

基于青藏高原春季感热异常信号的中国东部夏季降水统计预测模型

使用1980-2014年由青藏高原中东部的地面气象观测台站观测资料计算得到的地表感热通量以及中国东部高分辨率的降水格点资料,在年代际变化和年际变率两个时间尺度上,使用最大协方差分析方法研究了青藏高原春季感热与中国东部夏季6、7和8月降水的关系,基于最大协方差关联因子的时间尺度分解回归分析方法建立了一个降水统计预测模型。青藏高原春季感热的各个关联预报因子与中国东部夏季各月降水的相关分析表明,在年代际成分中,6、7和8月在中国东部绝大部分地区均存在显著相关,方差贡献分别为75.6%、99.9%和79.7%;在年际成分中,相关区域在6月是华南地区、华北沿海地区和江淮流域,7月是华南地区西南部、长江流域、东北地区东南部和黄河中下游地区,8月是东北地区和华南地区西部,方差贡献分别为42.7%、43.4%和32.0%。预测模型的解释方差分析和后报试验检验表明,7月对整个中国东部地区预测效果最好,6月主要在长江以南地区,而8月主要在东北地区和华南地区西部预测效果较好。该预测模型能很好描述青藏高原春季感热与中国东部夏季各月降水的关联性,并对局地降水实现较好的定量预测,具有在短期气候预测业务应用的价值。      

Evaluating the Ability of CRCM5 to Simulate Mixed Precipitation

Precipitation episodes in the form of freezing rain and ice pellets represent natural hazards affecting eastern Canada during the cold season. These types of precipitation mainly occur in the St. Lawrence River valley and the Atlantic provinces of Canada. This study aims to evaluate the ability of the fifth-generation Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM5), using a 0.11° horizontal grid mesh, to hindcast mixed precipitation when driven by reanalyses produced by the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ERA-Interim) for a 35-year period. In general, the CRCM5 simulation slightly overestimates the occurrence of freezing rain, but the geographical distribution is well reproduced. The duration of freezing rain events and accompanying surface winds in the Montréal region are reproduced by CRCM5. A case study is performed for an especially catastrophic freezing-rain event in January 1998; the model succeeds in simulating the intensity and duration of the episode, as well as the propitious meteorological environment. Overall, the model is also able to reproduce the climatology and a specific event of freezing rain and ice pellets.     

2016年登陆和影响福建台风成因分析及预测

2016年共有3个台风登陆、4个台风影响福建,呈前少后多分布,登陆台风偏多,灾害影响重。分析表明：（1）2016年以来赤道中东太平洋海温距平的演变及大气环流异常响应是造成影响福建台风呈前少后多分布及登陆台风偏多的主要原因。（2）7月下旬至8月中旬和9月上旬至中旬西太平洋台风群发,“莫兰蒂”和“马勒卡”一周内相继登陆和影响福建,是季风槽增强或持续偏强的结果,且季风槽呈现显著的低频变化特征。（3）2016年西北太平洋生成和影响福建的台风与热带大气季节内振荡关系密切,近7成生成于MJO第5~7位相。（4）基于大气低频变化理论的延伸期预报填补了月—季预测和中短期天气预报之间的空白。     

新疆孔雀河北岸72~51 ka BP湖相沉积物的孢粉植物群初步研究

对新疆孔雀河北缘的LX02剖面湖相沉积物开展了OSL测年和孢粉记录研究。结果显示：该剖面湖相沉积自72.4 ka BP延续到51.0 ka BP。这一期间,研究区为针叶、阔叶混交林植被,林下生长灌木和草本,低洼潮湿的地方生长蕨类孢子和藻类。植被的主要类型有松（Pinus）、栎（Quercus）、栗（Castanea）、榛（Corylus）、莎草（Cyperaceae）、蒿（Artemisia）、藜（Chenopodiaceae）、水龙骨科（Polypodiaceae）等,同时还含有少量的山核桃（Carya）和枫杨（Pterocarya）等亚热带的孑遗植物花粉。具体来说,组合带Ⅰ（72.4~66.8 ka BP）、Ⅲ（56.1~51.0 ka BP）对应的沉积期间,研究区阔叶树花粉含量低而灌木和草本花粉含量高;组合带Ⅱ（66.8~56.1 ka BP）对应的沉积期阔叶树花粉含量都较高,而灌木和草本花粉相对较低,揭示72.4~51.0 ka BP研究区气候总体上呈现冷干-暖湿的气候波动特征。这与粘土矿物和地球化学特征所反映的古气候特征及其变化一致,亦与柴达木盆地东部介形类丰度特征研究、柴达木盆地东部古湖泊高湖面光释光年代学研究、北京平原区有机碳同位素研究等结果吻合较好,然而,这一气候变化规律的内部驱动机制还有待进一步的深入研究。