Study of star formation in RCW 106 using far-infrared observations

High-resolution far-infrared observations of a large area of the star-forming complex RCW 106 obtained using the TIFR 1-m balloon-borne telescope are presented. Intensity maps have been obtained simultaneously in two bands centred around 150 and 210 μm. Intensity maps have also been obtained in the four IRAS bands using HIRES-processed IRAS data. From the 150- and 210-μm maps, reliable maps of dust temperature and optical depth have been generated. The star formation in this complex has occurred in five linear sub-clumps. Using the map at 210 μm, which has a spatial resolution superior to that of IRAS at 100 μm, 23 sources have been identified. The spectral energy distribution (SED) and luminosity of these sources have been determined using the associations with the IRAS maps. The luminosity distribution of these sources has been obtained. Assuming these embedded sources to be zero-age main-sequence stars and using the mass–luminosity relation for these, the power-law slope of the initial mass function is found to be −1.73±0.5 . This index for this very young complex is about the same as that for more evolved complexes and clusters. Radiation transfer calculations in spherically symmetric geometry have been undertaken to fit the SEDs of 13 sources with fluxes in both the TIFR and the IRAS bands. From this, the r ⁻² density distribution in the envelopes is ruled out. Finally, a correlation is seen between the luminosity of embedded sources and the computed dust masses of the envelopes.     

利用卫星遥感影像对多尺度专题图形数据库更新

利用PCI遥感图像处理软件，对QUICKBIRD和SPOT5遥感影像进行纠正、数据融合、线性增强，在MapINFO软件支持下，进行遥感图像与矢量数据同名点的配准，矢栅叠加，输出更新变化部分，进行外业调绘，根据调绘信息进行数据更新。     

秦岭黄土的粒度分析及其成因初步探讨

本文根据粒度分析资料探讨了秦岭山地黄土成因。秦岭黄土是由〈０．２５ｍｍ的颗粒组成的,其中０．０５￣０．０１ｍｍ的粉土粒级含量在４８％以上。秦岭黄土与黄土高原黄土一样都是大气粉尘堆积物。第四纪以来,西北风气流携带大量粉尘物质穿越秦岭南移,沿途降落到地表的粉尘物质在剥蚀较弱的地区（如黄河中下游）形成了大片连续黄土堆积,而在强烈隆升地带的弱剥蚀地段（如秦岭的凤洲,商州等地）形成了零星黄土堆积。在我国,自     

稻田甲烷排放及产生、转化、输送机理

通过对中国五大水稻产区稻田甲烷排放的多年观测实验,描述了稻田甲烷排放的时空变化规律及特征并分析研究了其形成机理。稻田甲烷排放的日变化有四种类型,甲烷的传输效率是日变化形成的主要因素。稻田甲烷土壤中排放率的季节变化型式在不同的地区是不同的,这取决于气温变化、水稻品种、施肥及水管理等不同因素。甲烷产生主要发生在稻田土壤耕作还原层（2～20 cm）,氧化主要发生在水土交界面的氧化层和根部氧化膜,并受多种因子的影响。土壤中的甲烷通过三个路径向大气排放,不同时期三个路径在甲烷传输中的相对重要性不同。施用化肥和沼渣肥可以降低土壤中甲烷的产生和排放,而有机肥会增加土壤中甲烷的产生和排放。中国的稻田每年向大气中排放9.67～12.66百万吨甲烷,全球稻田甲烷的总排放量约为35～56 Tg/a。     

行星际尘埃的研究进展

宇宙尘物质是太阳系最原始的考古样品,比陨星更具有太阳系初始物质的特性,其整体成分更能代表太阳星云的初始丰度和同位素特征。初步综述了目前国内外对宇宙尘的探测、捕集和研究现状以及最新研究进展．     

Inconsistent palaeomagnetic recording of the Blake event in Chinese loess related to sedimentary environment

Three loess sequences located east of the Liupan mountain region, China, were studied to obtain records of the Blake polarity event. Palaeomagnetic records from the appropriate stratigraphic interval of these three sequences, however, record the Blake event poorly in one case and not at all in the other two cases. It is important to understand why these loess sequences miss the Blake event, whereas others record it quite well. We conclude that regional variations in the sedimentary environment over the Chinese loess plateau are responsible for the inconsistent recording of the Blake event. The palaeomagnetic records suggest a threefold subdivision of the Chinese loess plateau into (1) the central and southern portions of the part of the plateau that lies east of the Liupan Mountains, where the primary record of the Blake event has been severely smoothed or wiped out by pedogenic processes during palaeosol (S1) formation; (2) the northern margin of the loess plateau to the east of the Liupan Mountains, where frequent, severe dust storms have resulted in discontinuous records with a high probability of missing the Blake event; and (3) the region west of the Liupan Mountains, where loess sequences are deposited rapidly and nearly continuously with only minor pedogenesis, and are thus capable of recording short events like the Blake.     

沙尘暴降尘在甘肃的沉降状况研究

对１９８６～１９９６年以来,发生在我国西北地区的１２次较大沙尘暴个例,首次结合大气自然降尘背景值的监测结果,研究了沙尘暴降尘在甘肃境内的沉降范围和分布状况,给出了沙尘暴降尘在这一区域内的沉降量。同时还讨论了沙尘暴降尘在甘肃的分布和黄土堆积问题。沙尘暴降尘在甘肃的分布是以河西走廊东部为中心,并向大气环流下游地域扩散,形成一个自西北向东南迅速递减的梯度分布状态。１１年间发生的较大沙尘暴,在甘肃境内共降尘３７５８．３７×１０４ｔ。     

城市交通系统与土地利用结构关系研究

阐述了城市交通系统与土地利用结构的内涵及其相互之间循环的作用与反馈关系,并指出城市交通规划的重要性及其过程中城市活动系统分析的意义。