基于Cook距离的协方差函数拟合点优选

进行最小二乘配置中的协方差函数拟合时,选取的拟合点应尽可能反映该区域的异常位的实际情况。提出基于Cook距离的协方差函数拟合点优选,计算所有拟合点的Cook距离,剔除拟合模型中的强扰动点,再进行协方差函数拟合。结合GPS高程拟合实例分析,文中方法可以有效提高高程拟合精度,并且通过Cook距离可以对拟合点进行精简和检出拟合点中误差较大点或粗差点。     

改进的多视PolSAR非局部均值滤波算法

像素点间相似性度量是非局部均值滤波算法的关键所在。从信息论角度出发,提出了一种改进的多视Pol SAR非局部均值滤波方法。该算法在综合分析各类矩阵测度基础上,选定Kullback-Leibler距离作为最优相似度量,结合多视极化相干矩阵服从复Wishart分布,给出了极化相干矩阵的KL距离,并在预处理中应用了极化旋转。实验结果表明,改进方法能够在保持边缘细节的同时有效抑制相干斑。     

属类概率距离构图的半监督高光谱图像分类

提出一种利用属类概率距离构图的半监督学习算法,并应用于高光谱图像分类。首先,该算法利用基于分类的稀疏表达方法来预估未标记样本的属类概率向量,然后,利用这个概率向量对描述数据相似性的距离函数进行改造,改造后的距离函数能有效扩大异类样本点之间的距离,在新的距离函数的度量下,每个样本点的邻域中可包含更多同类的样本点。最后,将该距离函数应用于半监督学习线性邻域传播算法和标签传播算法中。在Hyperion 和AVIRIS高光谱遥感图像上的实验结果表明：相比于传统的基于图的半监督学习算法,该算法能有效提高高光谱遥感图像分类精度。     

基于声暴露级向量的海洋工程噪声信号自动提取方法

为从海量的海洋原始噪声数据中快速和准确地提取海洋工程噪声信号,完善大型海洋工程的海洋噪声评估方法,文章提出基于声暴露级向量的海洋工程噪声信号自动提取方法,并进行实验验证。研究结果表明:基于声暴露级向量的信号自动提取方法实现的核心是计算疑似信号与样本信号声暴露级向量(包括声暴露级和有效时间长度)的标准化欧氏距离,结合变步长截取分析、半波包络双阈值触发和中心位置触发等方法,提高信号提取的效率和准确率;与传统的人工提取方法相比,该自动提取方法具有稳健、准确和高效的性能,可替代人工提取方法并广泛应用。     

The preparation of the town maps for Lysons' Magna Britannia

Abstract

Although methods of map preparation and production in the nineteenth century are generally understood, in truth little is known in detail. A rare opportunity to further understanding of the methods of the day is offered by the analysis of the surviving working documents and correspondence related to the production of town maps for Lysons' Magna Britannia. As methods of compilation and preparation become clearer, some of the resultant town maps appear more original and carefully created than previously thought, forcing a reassessment of their value as historical evidence.     

基于纹理特征的遥感影像监督分类

影像分类技术是遥感影像分析与解译的重要基础。纹理特征是影像的重要特征,本文主要实现基于纹理特征的遥感影像监督分类。首先对地物样本进行提取,通过样本训练统计各类地物纹理特征向量,建立纹理特征库;然后以各类地物的特征向量作为基准,采用最短距离分类器对影像进行分类;最后采用混淆矩阵对分类结果进行精度评定,并与ERDAS专业软件分类结果进行对比分析。实验证明,本分方法取得了与ERDAS软件相当的分类效果,从而验证本文方法的可靠性。     

XXIII INTERNATIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL CONGRESS,U.S.S.R.

Edward Jarvis in 1850 first demonstrated that admission rates to mental hospitals decrease with increasing residential distance, a relationship known today as “Jarvis's Law.” His original data are presented, mapped, and examined by regression analysis to better understand spatial and temporal patterns of mid-19th century mental hospital utilization. Distance substantially affected admission rates to a radius of about 60 miles from the institution in Massachusetts; and there was strong distance decay in the other states examined. For all twelve states, there was a positive association between age of the hospitals and admission rates, which also decreased with increasing residential distance.     

中国西南地区强震烈度衰减模型的研究

本文将研究范围限定在西南地区,因其具有相似地形地貌特征和发震构造的区域,并选取1913年以来6.5级以上的典型震例作为研究对象,通过对数据的分析统计,得到了传统的烈度衰减椭圆模型不适用于7.0级以上强震的结论;根据烈度区域面积与震级、破裂长度与震级以及缓冲区分析的方法得到了更加符合强震烈度衰减规律的断层距模型;在面积统计关系对比和实际烈度分布的综合对比中,得到了适用于强震的较为合理的烈度衰减模型,并根据本文得到的烈度衰减规律,结合ArcGIS二次开发,编写了用于快速绘制等震线的控件.本文的研究结果对于震后快速评估和地震应急有着现实意义.     

Aeolian dust transportation and deposition by near-surface winds in arid and semiarid China

Dustfall collections were carried out in April and May 2001 and in March 2002 at six sites in northern China.Our results showed that the total deposition of dust fractions 250 μm in diameter and the deposition of Fe both decreased exponentially with increasing distances from the source areas,and that the half-attenuation distance (HAD) for dust deposition was about 229 km in this re-gion.The HAD was closely related to the grain-size distribution of the dust,and the 15 to 20 μm fractions had the longest HAD.However,the fractions 15 μm in diameter can be easily adsorbed to coarse particles and deposited after only short distances,and the HAD for the fractions 15 to 100 μm in diameter showed a power relationship with the grain-size distribution.The HAD for Fe deposition was 233 km,which was a little longer than that of total dust deposition,which suggests that the Fe content is higher in fine particles than in coarse particles,as previous studies have suggested.In addition,our analysis showed that under the control of current climatic conditions,the coarse fractions in dust derived from northwestern China cannot be transported over long distances,instead,it is transported primarily by near-surface winds (3 km above the ground).The Fe in aeolian dust generated from arid and semiarid regions of China and deposited in the North Pacific region is usually transported by the upper westerlies.     

中国资本市场中心对各地资本市场发展影响的距离衰减实证

基于空间邻接关系,定义了我国各省级行政区域的相对距离,通过各地上市公司数量及各地与资本市场中心相对距离的数量分析,揭示资本市场空间配置对各地资本市场发展水平的影响,指出资本市场中心对各地资本市场发展的影响存在显著的距离衰减现象,我国两个资本市场中心分布对区域资本市场发展程度存在显著影响,区域经济发展水平与资本市场中心位置相互作用共同影响区域资本市场的发展水平。