矿山环境地质问题综合评价指标体系

本指标体系把矿山环境地质问题归为三大类23项指标,提出以指标指数作为划分环境地质问题危害程度等级的依据,给出2类指标评价指数的计算方法,以及各指标相应的权重。在此基础上,用模糊数学综合评判法评定矿山环境地质问题的历史、现状及其发展趋势的影响程度。在考虑矿山区位条件和恢复治理难度的基础上,最终给出矿山环境地质问题的综合评价等级,该等级也同时反映了矿山地质环境恢复治理的优先顺序。     

东亚季风区近地面大气气溶胶中OCPs和PCBs纬度分布：以7Be为参照系

连续一年在北京、青岛、广州以每周3d的时间尺度同步采集近地面大气中气溶胶中7Be的测定数据以及在春、秋季节变换时期我国5个不同纬度城市大气气溶胶中7Be和典型持久性有机污染物（有机氯农药和多氯联苯1的同步观测数据,并对文献上发表的我国其他城市近地面大气中气溶胶中’Be年平均值数据进行了分析。通过对以上数据资料的总结和分析,观察到在东亚季风区近地表大气气溶胶中7Be浓度的年平均值呈现正态分布模式,并且在中纬度北纬40°N附近达到极大值。大气气溶胶中7Be在春、秋季节变换时期我国不同纬度城市的瞬时纬度分布仍呈现正态分布模式,但以30°N为最大值。在秋季大气颗粒相中HCHs和PCBs浓度最大值出现在30°N。气相中PCB-28所占百分比随纬度增高而增大,而颗粒相中PCB-28的纬度变化不大。蒸汽压较低的PCB-180在气相中的浓度基本上不随纬度变化,而颗粒相中PCB-180则基本上集中在纬度36。N左右,表明在东亚季风区大气中挥发性较低的POPs化合物具有某种纬度聚焦作用。以宇宙射线成因核素7Be作为大气环流的参照系,可以得出东亚季风区大气环流可影响持久性有机污染物纬度分布的结论。     

西天山阿希型金成矿系列的成矿流体特征

西天山吐拉苏盆地中发育的低硫浅成低温热液型金矿、斑岩型金矿和层控浅成低温热液改造型金矿属于与晚古生代火山次火山岩系有关的金矿组合———阿希型金成矿系列。通过对各类型金矿含金石英脉矿物包裹体流体成分的分析 ,吐拉苏盆地中可以区分出两期不同的流体场 ,分别是成矿前的统一流体场和成矿期的局部流体场。前者是伴随着早石炭世大哈拉军山组火山爆发而形成的产物 ;后者是在成矿前统一流体场的基础上 ,受局部热动力活动影响而形成的局部成矿流体场 ,又可分出 3种不同的类型。成矿前统一流体场与成矿期 3种局部流体场流体均属于K+SO2 -4型 ;总体特征上具有相似性 ,均为火山、岩浆热液水和大气水的混合水 ;流体成分有随时间而呈有规律变化的现象 ;阳离子K+和阴离子SO2 -4随时间逐步减少 ,表明火山、岩浆活动随时间对流体的影响逐渐减弱 ;水的含量逐步增高 ,则表明流体随时间大气水参与程度的提高 ,同时流体的浓度也逐步降低     

Geochemical survey of thermal system in Northeast China and their geothermometric characters

The chemical composition of several thermal springs around Changbaishan area has been investigated. Cenozoic basaltic rocks are widely distributed in Northeast China and geothermal characteristics have been described. About one hundred hot springs exist around Changhaishan Volcano at the border between China and D.P.R.Korea with high temperature about 82~C. The pH values of the spring water range from 6.9 to 7.1 and the total flow rate is about 4.8 L/sec. The chemical composition of the thermal springs is sodium carbonate; the high-mineral contents of thermal water are believed to have medicinal properties. Bathhouses are already built along the hot springs to take the advantage of the supposed healing properties. The high quality of those hot springs is believed to be utilitized for mineral water. The chemical equilibrium temperatures were estimated at about 160℃ based on the Na-K-Ca geochemical thermometer.     

Analysis of the Characteristics of Turbulent Flux and Its Footprint Climatology at An Agricultural Site

Based on quality controlled data from eddy covariance system and automatic weather station collected at Guantao farmland site from 2008 to 2010, the characteristics of diurnal, seasonal and annual variations of turbulent flux were reported. The corresponding source areas of flux measurement at different temporal scales were analyzed in detail, using arithmetic-averaged and flux-weighted footprint climatology calculation method, respectively. The main findings are as follows. Firstly, sensible heat and latent heat flux both show consistent diurnal variation throughout the year, while CO₂ fluxes only have significant diurnal variation in growing season with an opposite trend. The seasonal variation of the turbulent flux is mainly affected by the crop type and its growth status in different phenological periods. During growing season, latent heat flux and CO₂ flux are the dominant flux exchange items whose value are significantly higher in their middle growth stage than other ones during which latent heat and CO₂ flux exchange of the summer corn is stronger than winter wheat. Secondly, with combined effects of wind, turbulence and surface condition, the source area of flux measurement change most significantly at daily scale, less obvious at seasonal scale and smallest at annual scale. Finally, compared with arithmetic-averaged footprint climatology method, flux-weighted footprint climatology is a more reasonable method to calculate the source areas of the flux measurement, in that they account for the time change of the actual turbulent flux. The arithmetic-averaged results are most likely to overestimate the size of source area during small observed flux due to its weak turbulent exchange.     

上海市集中测绘成果管理系统的建设与维护

本文在深入调研上海市集中测绘成果管理系统的基础上,通过对系统的建立与长期维护的总结,简要的介绍了系统实现的功能与系统架构,总结了系统建设过程中的思路与做法。着重阐述了系统在整合测绘处理与成果管理、保持基础数据的现势性方面所取得的成果,总结了系统在建设与使用过程中的优缺点,为其它地区建立或改造测绘成果系统提供借鉴。     

数字地质调查系统中空间数据库建库流程 关键技术的解决方案

空间数据库建库流程是数字地质调查系统总体技术流程的一个重要组成部分。针对地质人员实际工作量等方面的几个关键技术问题提出了详细的解决方案．并在数字地质调查系统的软件系统中以辅助建库工具、辅助检查工具、数据检索工具的形式加以实现。为建库提供了技术保障,保证了数据的质量,有效地提高了地质人员对地质调查系统的应用能力和建库的效率。     

绿色创新效率与生态治理绩效耦合协调的 时空分异及响应

基于改进的SFA模型对长江经济带108个城市2004—2016年的绿色创新效率与生态治理绩效值进行测度,借助耦合协调模型及探索性空间数据分析法对两系统的耦合协调度和时空分异特征进行分析,进而运用PVAR模型考察其响应关系。结果表明：①2004—2016年两系统整体处于初级协调阶段,未来仍有较大提升空间;空间上自东向西梯度递减,高协调区集中在东部城市;②两系统的耦合协调度具有空间正关联性,低-低集聚城市数多于高-高集聚,协调发展领先城市对周边城市的辐射带动作用较弱;③生态治理绩效对绿色创新效率响应较弱,而绿色创新效率对生态治理绩效响应则较强,且二者均对自身依赖较强,未来优化其互动机制应是长江经济带高质量发展的重点。     

Analog simulation of urban construction land supply and demand in Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Agglomeration based on land intensive use

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Urban land intensive use is an important indicator in harmonizing the relationship between land supply and demand. The system dynamics (SD) can be used to...     

陆海统筹背景下海域综合管理探析

文章分析当前海域管理面临的形势,并剖析当前存在的管理问题,提出管理的总体目标和改革意见措施,同时对当前海域使用管理法修订、新一轮国土空间规划制定、围填海管控、海岸线保护与利用管理、养殖用海管理等主要工作提出管理建议。建议包括：构建基于生态系统的海域综合管理机制,深入落实生态文明建设总要求;开展海域资源本底调查,为深化综合管理奠定基础;整合涉海规划,发挥陆海统筹作用;发挥指标调控作用,实施市场化配置;调控产业用海,充分发挥海域资源最大效益;加大整治修复力度,恢复区域生态功能;打破部门间壁垒,形成监管闭环。