频率域电法的新进展

本文回顾了电法勘探的发展历程,分析、比较了电法勘探发展的各个阶段、各种频率域电法的优点和不足,着重介绍和论述了an序列伪随机电法具有主要频率成分丰富,各主频信号强度基本相等不随频率增高而减弱,频率间隔对数均匀、分布合理,覆盖的频率范围宽等一系列优点.不失为一种值得推广应用的新型频率域电法.     

论中国西部的经济开发

本文多方面系统地分析了中国西部地区的经济态势,从生产总值、产业结构(第一产业、工业、矿产、能源,第三产业等)以及生态环境等,论述西部的经济开发。     

斯堪的纳维亚半岛及周边地区城镇发展适宜性评价

城镇发展适宜性研究有助于了解城镇发展的优势条件,为确定城镇建设规划的扩展方向提供依据。在北极与亚北极开展研究对中国开展在城镇化、重大基础设施、廊道建设方面的国际合作有重大意义。本文使用多源数据,在采样的基础上利用逐步法的思想进行变量筛选,共筛选出5个显著指标,用logistic方法拟合出最终的模型进行城镇发展适宜性评价,最终得到研究区城镇发展适宜性分级图。研究结果表明：筛选后的显著指标对研究区城镇分布的影响作用大小排序为,温度（正向）、交通网密度（正向）、海拔高度（反向）、人口密度（正向）、距港口距离（反向）;温度、交通网密度、海拔高度、人口密度、距最近港口距离增加1个单位,城镇发展的几率分别比原来增加了38.4%、16.7%、9%、0.4%、0.1%;研究区的Ⅰ（不适宜）、Ⅱ（中度适宜）、Ⅲ（高度适宜）的城镇发展适宜性均值分别为0.03、0.16、0.68（分别约占研究区总面积的76.82%、21.82%、1.37%）;城镇发展适宜性总体呈现出随纬度升高而降低、随经度升高而增加的趋势,适宜城镇发展的气候地理条件是温带大陆性湿润气候带和温带海洋性气候带以及平原与低地地区;研究区的城镇发展适宜性俄罗斯西北部为0.08、瑞典为0.07、芬兰为0.06、挪威为0.03。俄罗斯西北部城镇发展适宜性整体上呈现出北低南高,南部呈现两边高中间低的空间布局;瑞典呈现出西北低东南高,沿海大于内陆的空间布局;芬兰呈现出北（高原）低南（沿海）高,中部次高的空间布局;挪威呈现出南部沿海高,西部沿海次高,其他区域低的空间布局。     

沿海城市经济-海洋生态环境-游艇旅游业耦合协调发展分析

借鉴物理学中的耦合理论,分析沿海城市经济系统、海洋生态环境系统与游艇旅游业系统三者间的耦合协调作用机理;构建耦合评价模型与指标体系,并基于改进的熵值法,对沿海16个游艇旅游发展重点城市三者的耦合度及耦合协调度进行实证研究;运用皮尔逊相关系数法探讨各因素间相互关系。结果表明:沿海城市经济、海洋生态环境和游艇旅游业发展水平的综合评价值并不高,可进一步分为城市经济滞后型、生态环境滞后型和游艇旅游业滞后型三种制约类型;区域内三大系统耦合度较高,但耦合协调度较低且存在明显的区域差异;系统内部各因素间相互关联。鉴于此,提出游艇城市应因地制宜,协调开发与保护关系,深化产业融合等建议,以促进三大系统较高层次的耦合协调发展。     

一种酪氨酸酶基因在笠贝初生壳形成中的表达分析

软体动物初生壳形成是贝壳早期发育研究的重要内容。目前,初生壳形成的机制尚不清晰。本文从笠贝(Lottia goshimai)中克隆了一个酪氨酸酶基因(lgo-tyr1),聚类分析表明其与长牡蛎基因cgi-tyr1是直系同源基因。Lgo-TYR1的序列分析显示它具有两个典型的铜离子结合结构域和一个信号肽。通过整装原位杂交和电子扫描显微镜观察,检测到lgo-tyr1在担轮幼虫的圆形贝壳区以及紧邻的环状细胞带中表达,表明lgo-tyr1可能参与了担轮幼虫初生贝壳的生物合成以及贝壳区边界的确立。     

我国海洋战略性新兴产业国际化发展研究

海洋战略性新兴产业的国际化发展对于建设海洋强国和发展海洋经济具有重要的理论和实际意义。文章分析我国海洋战略性新兴产业国际化起步晚和发展快、产业结构不断完善和区域发展水平存在差异的发展状况,提出目前存在的缺乏区域协调配合和交流合作以及政府支持政策亟须细化等主要问题,探索区域差异化发展模式、产业技术创新联盟合作模式、多元化投融资模式和国际合作模式等海洋战略性新兴产业国际化发展模式,在此基础上提出优化产业结构和布局、完善发展体制机制、加强国际交流合作、加强资金投入和人才培养以及强化示范项目建设的对策建议。     

国内外岩溶塌陷监测方法综述

岩溶塌陷是全球广泛分布的地质灾害问题,严重影响和制约了岩溶地区社会、经济发展,因此,开展岩溶塌陷监测工作,对塌陷预测预报具有及其重要的作用。岩溶塌陷的监测技术与塌陷形成的机理关系密切。该文分析了岩溶塌陷的分布规律和形成的条件,系统总结了国内外岩溶塌陷的监测内容、技术方法、各自优缺点,如BOTDR监测、TDR监测、地质雷达监测、水动力条件监测及地-沉降等方法,为系统性地开展岩溶塌陷监测工作提供技术和方法参考,展望了未来的岩溶塌陷监测工作,认为岩溶塌陷监测需结合塌陷的形成机理、塌陷地区覆盖层特征及水动力条件,综合利用多种监测手段联合进行,并形成完善的监测网络。     

黄河三角洲地区地下淡水（微咸水）的形成与演化

黄河三角洲地区地下淡水（微咸水）资源贫乏，咸水广布。南部冲洪积平原受第二次海侵层位的影响形成大面积咸水，后被逐渐淡化。近年来由于开采量加大，又使北部咸水南侵。海积冲积平原随着黄河河道的变迁，仅在黄河现行河道两侧和充水的黄河故道带分布有淡水（微咸水）。近代，现代黄河三角洲古河道带和决口扇淡水体已被咸化。     

Seismic stratigraphy and subsidence analysis of the southern Brazilian margin (Campos,Santos and Pelotas basins)

The Campos, Santos and Pelotas basins have been investigated in terms of 2D seismo-stratigraphy and subsidence. The processes controlling accommodation space (e.g. eustacy, subsidence, sediment input) and the evolution of the three basins are discussed. Depositional seismic sequences in the syn-rift Barremian to the drift Holocene basin fill have been identified. In addition, the subsidence/uplift history has been numerically modeled including (i) sediment flux, (ii) sedimentary basin framework, (iii) relation to plate-tectonic reconfigurations, and (iv) mechanism of crustal extension. Although the initial rift development of the three basins is very similar, basin architecture, sedimentary infill and distribution differ considerably during the syn-rift sag to the drift basin stages. After widespread late Aptian–early Albian salt and carbonate deposition, shelf retrogradation dominated in the Campos Basin, whereas shelf progradation occurred in the Santos Basin. In the Tertiary, these basin fill styles were reversed: since the Paleogene, shelf progradation in the Campos Basin contrasts with overall retrogradation in the Santos Basin. In contrast, long-term Cretaceous–Paleogene shelf retrogradation and intense Neogene progradation characterize the Pelotas Basin. Its specific basin fill and architecture mainly resulted from the absence of salt deposition and deformation. These temporally and spatially varying successions were controlled by specific long-term subsidence/uplift trends. Onshore and offshore tectonism in the Campos and Santos basins affected the sediment flux history, distribution of the main depocenters and occurrence of hydrocarbon stratigraphic–structural traps. This is highlighted by the exhumation and erosion of the Serra do Mar, Serra da Mantiqueira and Ponta Grossa Arch in the hinterland, as well as salt tectonics in the offshore domain. The Pelotas Basin was less affected by changes in structural regimes until the Eocene, when the Andean orogeny caused uplift of the source areas. Flexural loading largely controlled its development and potential hydrocarbon traps are mainly stratigraphic.     

Stakeholder consultation during the planning phase of scientific programs

Stakeholder consultation is being adopted as standard practice in the planning and management of natural resource management programs. While the utility of stakeholder participation has been investigated for the evaluation and implementation phases of natural resource management programs, few studies have examined the utility of stakeholder consultation during the initial phases of developing such programs. This paper presents a case study from a project developing a marine and coastal monitoring program for the Pilbara and Kimberley region of northern Western Australia. Via a series of workshops held in the region, stakeholders were asked to prioritise future research needs using several voting procedures. During the analyses of the results from the different voting procedures, it became apparent that there were high levels of inconsistency, poor correlation, and contradiction, between participants’ responses. Despite the rigour of the selection process used to identify ‘suitable’ stakeholders for the workshops, these results show that stakeholders did not have the technical or broader contextual knowledge about marine ecosystems to effectively and objectively contribute to the research prioritisation and planning process. Based on the outcomes of this study, we argue that project designers need to be clear about why they are involving stakeholders in a project, particularly in light of the costs involved (financial, time, resources, costs to the stakeholder) in stakeholder consultation. Stakeholder involvement may be appropriate in later stages of developing natural resource management programs (implementation and management), however, stakeholder involvement is not appropriate in the initial phases of such programs, where scientific expertise is essential in formulating scientific concepts and frameworks.