空气反循环取样钻探技术应用于金矿勘查的地质效果对比研究

长期以来,由于地质方面对岩样认知的限制,空气反循环取样钻探技术（RC工艺）在我国矿产勘查中的应用并不广泛。本文根据RC工艺在云南鹤庆北衙金矿等矿区的试验情况,从找矿地质效果对比分析角度提出了一些认识。首先明确了此次RC工艺与常规岩心钻进工艺对比示范性应用试验的目的及试验内容;介绍了试验孔选取依据;从岩样收集与采样方法、岩样采取率、地层与矿层丢失情况、岩样获取地层的岩性及原生结构、推算岩层产状方面的准确性、岩心污染程度、计算矿品位的准确性等7个方面对比分析了RC工艺与常规岩心钻进工艺应用于金矿勘查的地质找矿效果;认为RC工艺具高效、低成本等施工优势,且在岩样代表性、岩心污染、矿品位等找矿效果方面优于常规岩心钻进。最后进一步指出了RC工艺目前应用于矿产勘查仍存在的一些问题,并提出相关建议。     

自动气象站与人工观测的数据对比分析

利用2003年1月至2004年12月兖州自动气象站观测资料和人工观测资料,对各气象要素进行了对比分析并探讨了两者差异形成的原因。结果表明:两种观测方式的观测数据虽然有一定差异,但在允许的精度范围内,其中平均地面最低温度、平均地面最高温度、地面极端最低温度和地面极端最高温度总体差值较大。除仪器的性能和工作原理造成的差异外,观测环境的变化、人为操作和特殊的天气现象也是造成差异的重要原因。     

伦茨伺服控制器的功能及其在CINRAD/SB中的应用

介绍新一代多普勒天气雷达CINRAD/SB伺服系统的基本工作原理和伦茨伺服控制器的功能及应用,总结该雷达出厂调试、整改、业务试运行、业务运行过程中出现的技术问题及相应的解决方法。采用半闭环控制方案,通过适当控制传动链精度解决精度定位,采用现场总线[1](CANControllerAreaNetwork)解决通讯和控制,利用伺服控制器的“内部跳闸”功能解决现场总线的自动复位,利用伺服控制器自身的功能解决工作方式切换。经现场测试该雷达方位角和俯仰角的闭环控制精度均优于0·1°,伺服系统能按照指令准确切换各种体扫模式(VCP11、VCP21、VCP31)和接收各种指令。现场实测数据和业务运行效果均表明该系统的设计是成功的。     

Coordinated Exploration Model and its Application to Coal and Coal-associated Deposits in Coal Basins of China

China is a top world producer of coal resources with numerous coal-rich basins country-wide that also contain coalbed methane(CBM), an unconventional natural gas resource. Recent exploration of coal and CBM resources has also led to the discovery of rare, precious, and scattered metal minerals, including sandstone-type U and Ga–Ge–Li. High-grade and industrial-value deposits have been discovered in the Ordos, Junggar, and other basins across China during exploration for coal resources. Application of coordinated exploration theories and techniques in multiple energy and coal-associated ore deposits, such as coal and unconventional natural gas in coal, achieves efficient and practical exploration of natural resources. Based on the systematic study of accumulation and occurrence of coal and coal-associated mineral resources in coal basins, the basic idea of coordinated exploration for coal and coal-associated deposits is proposed, and multi-targets and multi-methods based on a coordinated exploration model of coal-associated deposits is developed. Coordinated exploration expands the main exploration objective from coal seams to coal-associated series, extending the exploration target from targeting coal only to coal-associated deposits. Entrance times for exploration are decreased to realize coordinated exploration for coal, unconventional natural gas and syngenetic/associated mineral resources in coal by implementing a 'one-time approach' ―one time in and out of a coal seam to minimize disturbance and time needed for extraction. According to the differences of geological background in China's coal basins, four coordinated exploration model types, including co-exploration of coal and coal-associated unconventional natural gas, coal and solid minerals, coal and metal minerals, and coal with water resources are established. Other models discussed include a multi-target coordinated exploration model for the combination of coal, coal-associated gas, solid minerals, and metal minerals accordingly. The exploration techniques of coal and coal-associated resources include regional geological investigation and research and synthetic application of other techniques including seismic surveys, drilling, logging, and geochemical exploration. Particularly, applying the 'multi-purpose drill hole' or reworking coalfield drill holes into parameter wells, adding sample testing and logging wells, determining gas-bearing layers by logging and gas content measurement, jointly measuring multiple logging parameters, sampling, and testing of coal-strata help in the exploration and evaluation of coal resources, coal-associated unconventional natural gas resources, and coal-associated element minerals. Accordingly, a system of integrated Space–Air–Ground exploration techniques for coordinated exploration of coal and coal-associated minerals is established. This includes high-resolution, hyperspectral remote-sensing technique, high-precision geophysical exploration and fast, precise drilling, testing of experimental samples, as well as coordinated exploration and determination methods of multi-target factors, multi-exploration means, multi-parameter configuration and optimization, big data fusions and interpretation techniques. In recent years, the application of this integrated system has brought significant breakthroughs in coal exploration in Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other provinces, discovering several large, ten-billionton coalfields, such as the Eastern Junggar and Tuha basins, and also in exploration and development of CBM from lowrank coals in Fukang, Xinjiang, discovery the Daying U Deposit in Inner Mongolia, the Junggar Ultralarge Ga Deposit, Lincang, Yunnan, and the Wulantuga, Inner Mongolia, Ge-bearing coal deposits, and the Pingshuo Ultralarge Li–Ge Deposit.     

基于刷卡数据的公共汽车客流网络复杂性日内变化研究

大城市公共交通是一个典型的复杂巨系统,采用复杂网络方法分析大城市公共交通网络系统对于城市交通发展具有重要意义。已有大量的研究采用复杂网络理论进行了公共交通线路网络分析,也有研究基于刷卡数据分析了公共交通客流网络的复杂特征,但少有研究探讨客流网络复杂性日内变化特征。鉴于此,本文基于北京市公共汽车刷卡数据识别的不同时间段客流双向邻接矩阵,通过复杂网络指标对比分析公共汽车客流网络的日内变化特征。结果表明：① 各个时间段公共汽车客流分布遵循距离衰减规律,5 km以下的短距离出行约占总出行量的一半左右;② 度中心性和加权度中心性的空间格局在不同时间段整体呈现出明显的核心-边缘特征,但随时间有一定程度的变化,加权度中心性排名前10的节点存在较大变化;③ 累积度分布和累积加权度分布服从指数分布,属于小世界网络。本文还进一步讨论了基于大数据的动态复杂网络研究对城市交通规划建设的启示意义。     

基于CAN总线的高精度温湿度智能传感器设计

通过分析气象数据采集系统的功能需求,确定了高精度温湿度智能传感系统总体设计方案,介绍了该方案的软硬件设计与实现.该系统以低功耗ARM CORTEX-M3架构的LPC1768为主控芯片,配合低功耗、16位串行A/D转换芯片AD7792以及低功耗、高速CAN收发器SN65HVD230等实现基于CAN总线的高精度测量、自动采集和实时处理等功能,它与现有气象数据采集器相比,具有体积小、功耗低、组网灵活和测量精度高等特点.试验测试结果表明,该高精度智能传感器具自检验、自校准、自适应性能,工作稳定可靠,并具有足够的精度.     

“天绘一号”卫星星务分系统研究与实现

在对星务分系统基本功能和测绘任务相关功能分析的基础上, 提出了“天绘一号”星务分系统设计方案, 并对总线设计、时间系统设计以及星务数据存储模块设计思想进行了详细的阐述。     

计算机控制的高精度频率源设计

通过对通用串行总线(USB)协议和直接数字合成(DDS)技术的研究和分析,设计实现了一种采用DDS技术的高精度频率源,并且能通过计算机应用软件对其进行实时控制.给出了该设计的硬件结构与部分关键程序的结构,同时给出了对该设计性能参数的测量结果,并对其进行了简单分析和探讨.     

基于模拟IIC总线的电压测量系统

根据IIC总线的时序,编程模拟了IIC总线.基于模拟的IIC总线,采用8位串行接口A／D转换器PCF8591设计了电压测量系统.给出了系统硬件电路和主程序流程图.系统因采用IIC总线式结构而具有硬件结构简单、扩展性强的突出优点,为IIC总线在其他采集系统中的应用提供了参考.     

核电站常规岛主厂房基于性能的抗震分析

常规岛主厂房是一种特殊的工业建筑结构,具有质量、刚度分布不均、多错层等特点,其抗震重在保证电厂运行功能在设防预期的水准地震作用下不中断,避免重大设备损坏而造成的严重财产损失.基于性能的抗震设计方法是目前国际上先进的抗震设计方法.首次将设计流程引入到核电站常规岛主厂房结构抗震设计中,在小震和中震弹性分析基础上,采用基于纤...