山东省基本农田可持续利用研究

分析了山东省基本农田的数量、分布和构成状况,对1997--2005年全省及各市的基本农田面积变化情况进行对比,指出基本农田保护中存在的问题及面临的形势,提出实现基本农田可持续利用的对策：数量、质量和环境全面管护;经济效益、社会效益和环境效益相统一;用养结合、保持地力、提高产出水平;划定整备区、储备待补资源;区别对待、协调发展。     

图书馆绿色文化环境建设的思考

营造图书馆绿色环境有利于发挥图书馆教育职能、培养读者的审美情趣与艺术欣赏力并提高读者的道德修养,从建筑和环境等方面加强图书馆绿色环境建设是创建现代化图书馆新思路。     

Effects of land management practices on labile organic carbon fractions in rice cultivation

A research trial with four land management practices, i.e., traditional tillage-fallow (TTF), traditional tillage-wheat (TTW), conservation tillage-fallow (CTF) and conservation tillage-wheat (CTW), was sampled in the 15th year after its establishment to assess the effects of different management practices on labile organic carbon fractions (LOCFs), such as easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in a typical paddy soil, Chongqing, Southwest China. The results indicated that LOCFs were significantly influenced by the combination of no-tillage, ridge culture and crop rotation. And, different combination patterns showed different effectiveness on soil LOCFs. The effects of no-tillage, ridge culture and wheat cultivation on EOC, DOC, POC and MBC mainly happened at 0–10cm. At this depth, soil under CTW had higher EOC, DOC, POC and MBC contents, compared to TTF, TTW and CTF, respectively. Moreover, the contents of LOCFs for different practices generally decreased when the soil depth increased. Our findings suggest that the paddy soil in Southwest China could be managed to concentrate greater quantities of EOC, DOC, POC and MBC. Foundation item: Under the auspices of Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40231016)     

网箱养殖海区底泥产芽孢细菌多样性

采用培养与16S rRNA基因序列比对的方法,对海水网箱养殖区底泥中的可培养细菌进行研究。结果表明,网箱正下方的产芽孢细菌比例高达50%,随着离网箱距离的增加,产芽孢细菌的比例明显降低,200m远时,其比例降至17%。从3个采样点分离纯化出91株产芽孢细菌,对其菌落形态、菌体形态的研究和部分菌株16S rRNA基因的DGGE带型和序列分析表明,91株产芽孢细菌中,有85株属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)的10个种,25个发育型;6株属于盐芽孢杆菌属(Halobacillus)的1个种,3个发育型。芽孢杆菌属的B.marisflavi、B.baekryungensis、B.aquaemaris、B.pumilu等4个种为优势类群。此外,接近半数的产芽孢细菌能代谢含硫化合物,部分菌株能够还原硝酸盐或分解无机磷化合物,仅有3株菌具有亚硝酸盐还原作用。     

利用光生物反应器培养雨生红球藻的研究初探

用光生物反应器与光照培养箱两种培养容器培养雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis),对雨生红球藻在两种容器培养过程中细胞生长、pH值、溶解氧(DO)及虾青素积累情况进行比较,同时比较不同接种密度对光生物反应器培养效果的影响。实验表明,光生物反应器中藻细胞的调整期较短,接种1 d后即进入指数生长阶段,在胁迫阶段则仅需4 d即达到虾青素含量的峰值;将pH值控制在偏碱性条件下(7.75±0.10)有利于藻细胞更好生长;营养培养阶段DO相对饱和度上升至80%,而在胁迫阶段则迅速降低,最低值小于6%;较高的接种密度(2.3×104个/mL)具有较短的营养培养周期(7 d),且因接种密度变化对胁迫周期长短无明显影响(均为4 d),选用较高的接种密度可望降低工业生产成本。     

Studies on culture condition and extracellular hydrolase of psychrophilic bacteria from Arctic sea ice

Arctic sea ice in the polar region provides a cold habitat for microbial community. Arctic sea ice microorganisms are revealed to be of considerable importance in basic research and potential in biotechnological application. This paper investigated the culture condition and extraceIlular hydrolase of 14 strains of different Arctic sea ice bacteria. The results showed that optimal growth temperature of strains is 15 ℃ or 20 ℃. The optimal pH is about 8.0. They hardly grow at acid condition. 3 % NaCl is necessary for better growth. These strains have different abilities in producing amylase, protease, eellulase and lipase. Pseudoalteronomas sp. Bsi429 and Pseudoalteronomas sp. Bsi539 produced both cellulose, protease and lipase. These results provide a basis for further developing and exploiting the cold adapted marine enzyme resources.     

一种新ⅡR分数阶微分滤波器

从频域角度出发,分析了几种基于典型微分算子的ⅡR分数阶微分滤波器的数字实现,提出一种频率响应更接近理想微分的新算子,在此基础上运用连续分数扩充方法实现了分数阶微分滤波器的设计,并详细推导基于新算子的ⅡR分数阶微分滤波器的数字实现。实验证明,基于新算子的ⅡR分数阶微分滤波器频率响应整体上优于Tustin和Simpson等其他ⅡR分数阶滤波器。     

中国大众文化批评论析

中国大众文化批评是在精英主义话语系统中展开的,大众文化批评的历史主要是批评大众文化的历史。对大众文化社会功能的解释必须先行厘定价值判断的标准。历史主义在首肯大众文化体现了历史进步逻辑的同时具有道德弃权的嫌疑,道德理想主义指斥大众文化的世俗精神却不幸沦为道德拜物教,现实主义将历史理性和道德激情结合起来,提供了正确分析大众文化且善且恶之两重性社会功能的可能性维度。     

虾池浮游微藻的种类组成、数量和多样性变动

报道了在集约化养虾中应用有益微生物制剂对虾池浮游微藻的影响,分析了整个养虾周期浮游微藻的种类组成、生物量、优势种及多样性指数的周期变化情况。结果表明,早期虾池浮游微藻细胞数量维持在1×103~3×103mL-1的水平,养殖中期开始呈指数增长状态,后期达到顶峰,并维持在70×103~160×103mL-1的水平,生物量比自然海区高。优势种类明显,前期为中肋骨条藻和伏氏海毛藻等硅藻类,后期则为绿球藻和栅列藻等绿藻类,水色及藻相呈良好状态,而不施加芽孢杆菌制剂的对照池则在后期出现较大比例的有害的蓝藻。虾池藻类多样性指数、均匀度指数和种类丰度均呈现前期高后期低的趋势,而优势度指数则相反,呈现前期低后期高的趋势。浮游植物的多样性指数为0.60~3.80,平均为1.88,均匀度指数为0.14~0.83,平均为0.45;种类丰度为0.80~2.46,平均为1.38;优势度指数在0.17~0.85,平均为0.41。多样性指数和均匀度均比粤东海域低,但优势度则甚高。     

非混相泡沫段塞细分层注水关键技术

油藏储层内药剂吸附有效性和泡沫细分层注水长段塞连续注入方式容易导致气窜和吸液剖面反转,影响整体措施效果,采用目标油田油砂填制模型,考察药剂动态吸附后再生能力和泡沫综合性能,分析泡沫小段塞间隔注入和长段塞连续注入分流增产效果.结果表明:在多孔介质吸附后,不同药剂再生能力和泡沫综合性能下降,但随着驱替体积增大有效性逐步增强;泡沫小段塞间隔注入好于泡沫大段塞连续注入方式.渤海SZ36-1油田非混相泡沫段塞细分层注水单井试注表明,泡沫小段塞间隔注入比长段塞连续注入方式日增油提高23m3,日降水率提高2.6%,累计增油提高1.72×104 m3,有效期提高7个月以上,进一步验证泡沫小段塞间隔注入的技术优势.