X射线荧光光谱法同时测定铁矿石中主次量组分

采用X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿粉中的TFe(全铁量)、SiO2、Al2O3、P、S、CaO、MgO、MnO和TiO2等9个组分。以Li2B4O7和LiBO2(质量比67∶33)的混合熔剂熔融制样,将测量全铁量的内标Co2O3制备成均匀的Co玻璃粉,大大提高全铁量的测量准确度和精密度;加入LiNO3为氧化剂,解决了硫元素在制样过程中容易挥发的问题。与化学法相比,该法对铁矿石中主量和次量元素的测量结果满意,方法快速、简便、准确、精密度好。     

MapX与PowerBuilder集成技术在交通事故信息系统中的应用

针对复杂的道路交通事故信息,利用MapInfo公司的组件式控件MapX5.0,在PowerBuilder8.0开发环境下,使用SQLServer2005作为系统后台属性数据库,研究路段采用高分辨率的遥感数据为地图背景,设计开发了城市道路交通事故信息系统。该系统具有城市道路交通信息与道路交通事故信息的查询、分析和统计功能,使道路交通事故信息查询更迅速、直观。实际开发表明,PowerBuilder与地图控件MapX结合开发GIS应用系统,不仅开发过程简单、开发速度快,而且能充分发挥PowerBuilder快速高效管理、访问MapX空间数据库的优势。     

陇中黄土高原陆面辐射分量年际变化及其对气候波动的响应

本文利用兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站(SACOL站)2006—2012年陆面过程观测资料以及榆中站气象资料,分析了陆面各辐射收支分量对于气候波动的响应,并且研究了地表反照率年际波动变化,讨论了各陆面过程参数对于黄土高原气候背景年际波动的反馈。并且根据黄土高原降水类型将全年分为冬夏半年讨论,以得到更为显著的年际变化特征和相关关系。结果显示,2006—2012年气温降水的趋势与近年来黄土高原暖干化总趋势相吻合。地表浅层土壤湿度和温度都与气温、降水呈现很好的响应。气候因素的综合影响是地表反照率变化波动的原因。通过冬夏半年资料区分探究得到,长波辐射分量与气候要素的相关较短波辐射分量与气候要素的相关性更强。但总体而言,陆面过程对于该地区气候背景波动的响应机制是较为复杂的。     

High-resolution spatial assessment of population vulnerability to climate change in Nepal

Current, spatially explicit, and high-resolution assessments of population vulnerability to climate change and variability in developing countries can be difficult to create due to lack of data or financial and technical capacity constraints. We propose a comparative, multiple-approach framework to assess the spatial variation of population vulnerability to climatic changes using several high-resolution variables related to climate, topography, and socioeconomic conditions with an objective to detect the spatial variability of climate vulnerability in Nepal. Nepal is one of the most vulnerable countries to the effects of climate change due to frequent climatic hazards and poor socio-economic capacity. We used a climate vulnerability index (CVI) approach to derive climate vulnerability maps at the one-kilometer resolution and test an additive and a principal components-based composite method of data aggregation. In this work, we attempt to answer three questions. 1) How do different methods of assessment inform the spatial variation of the climate vulnerability in Nepal? 2) How do different variables interact to shape climate vulnerability in Nepal? 3) What proportions of the population in Nepal are vulnerable to climatic disasters and why? Our analysis uncovered significant spatial variations in population vulnerability to climate change across Nepal, with the highest vulnerability being experienced by the High Mountain region followed by the regions in the lower elevations. We find that although the lack of adaptive capacity is the biggest cause of population vulnerability to climate change in Nepal, a resilient community is shaped by both biophysical and socioeconomic characteristics. By performing an iterative sensitivity analysis of our thirteen variables both at the aggregate level (nationally) as well as at the more disaggregated (physiographic region) level, we contribute to identifying important, multi-scalar driving factors for vulnerability that can be employed as leverage points for lowering vulnerability at different scales. After performing analyses at multiple regions, we conclude that region-specific variable selection is needed for more detailed assessments and in order to prioritize adaptation strategies at scales that go beyond the hierarchy of administrative divisions.     

基于二维码的城市部件移动巡查系统研究

针对市政部门在数字城市建设中提高城市基础部件巡查维护效率的需求,引入二维码技术到城市部件移动巡查系统架构中,剖析系统的主要功能模块,研究二维码技术应用、ArcGIS Server地图服务发布和移动终端定位等系统构建关键技术,设计并实现基于二维码技术的城市部件移动巡查系统。系统达到提高城市部件移动巡查工作效率和质量的效果,为提高城市部件移动巡查工作提供良好的解决方案和思路。     

小秦岭大湖金矿矿床地球化学异常分带模型

大湖金矿在构造上位于华北地台南缘中段,是一个石英脉型大型金矿.本文应用格里戈良分带指数法对该金矿8线周围330m、295m、260m三个中段各微量元素和烃类组分含量变化规律以及矿体周围各元素(组分)异常展布特征经行计算分析总结,得出其原生晕分带序列为:烃类、Hg(矿前缘)→As、Sb(矿头)→Au、Ag、Pb、Cu、Ni、Mo、Bi、W(矿中)→Sn、Zn、Co(矿尾),以此为基础建立了该矿床的地球化学异常分带模型,并总结了其地球化学找矿标志.     

扬子地块西南缘拉拉IOCG矿床矿化蚀变元素地球化学研究

拉拉IOCG矿床是我国西南地区著名的大型铁铜矿床,矿床中与铜(钼)矿化密切相关的钠长石化、碳酸盐化、钾长石化、黑云母化、萤石化等蚀变作用广泛发育。本文在对该矿床中黑云母片岩系列和钠长石变粒岩系列大量赋矿岩石样品进行岩相学研究的基础上,选取典型蚀变与矿化样品进行主、微量元素分析测试,通过质量比簇判别法和等浓度公式元素定量迁移计算研究矿床中蚀变元素特征及其与矿化的关系。质量比簇判别法和等浓度图解法确定了两个系列岩石共有的主量元素不活动组分为SiO_2,微量元素不活动组分为Yb。主量元素定量迁移计算表明黑云母片岩系列铜矿化与钠长石化和碳酸盐化成正相关关系,钠长石变粒岩系列铜矿化与钾长石化和碳酸盐化成正相关关系,且变粒岩系列碳酸盐化程度较片岩系列更强。稀土元素和金属元素定量迁移计算发现拉拉IOCG矿床中U、Co、Mo、Ni等成矿金属元素在蚀变过程中随Cu矿化大量带入,说明热液蚀变是拉拉Fe-Cu-Au-U-Mo-REE多金属矿床形成的主要原因。蚀变与矿化关系分析表明二者基本是同步发生,蚀变的过程也是矿化的过程,即蚀变的标志也是找矿的标志。拉拉IOCG矿床中蚀变元素地球化学特征及其与矿化关系的研究,对于矿床成矿理论的丰富及矿区进一步找矿勘探工作都具有重要意义。     

环境温度对盐湖卤水化学组成及储卤层渗透性变化的制约

柴达木盆地昆特依盐湖浅部储卤层是一个多场耦合的动态平衡系统,受到水动力、气候、化学等多种因素控制。本文对昆特依盐湖浅部储卤层不同季节(夏季和冬季)卤水组成和储卤层渗透性特征进行了分析研究。结果表明:卤水中的主要离子含量从夏季到冬季发生了明显的变化,其中,K、Mg、Ca、Cl的含量都相应增加,增加幅度为:Cl、Mg、K、Ca;而SO_4~(2-)和Na的含量却均有下降,且SO_4~(2-)下降更显著;抽水试验计算结果发现,从夏季到冬季,钻孔ZK08渗透系数K由178m/d降至97m/d。本文研究表明,随着环境温度的降低,芒硝(Na_2SO_4)从卤水中结晶析出,是以上现象发生的主要原因,随着芒硝的析出,促进了含K、Mg、Ca等硫酸盐矿物(杂卤石)的溶解,使得卤水中K、Mg、Ca浓度增加;另一方面,析出的芒硝一定程度上堵塞了储卤层的孔隙,卤水的粘度也因温度降低而增加,这两个因素共同作用降低了储卤层渗透性。     

The research on division and correlation of stratigraphic sequence based on the “three instantaneous” attribute features of logging data

The stratigraphic division and correlation has important guiding significance to oil and gas field. This paper presents the application of Hilbert-Huang Transform to extract the “three instantaneous” attribute features of logging data (GR,AC) to perform the division and correlation of stratigraphic sequence, that is, the three properties of "instantaneous frequency", "instantaneous amplitude", "instantaneous phase" are extracted from logging data, which revealed the frequency characteristics of each depth of logging data and clearly reflected the structural characteristics of the frequency change. According to the oscillation anomalies of different attributes, we scale sequence boundaries, and use the variation characteristics of oscillation period of different frequency components attributes to scale the periodic characteristics of different scale sequence cycle, then use the “three instantaneous” attribute information for stratigraphic correlation, and for describing the internal features of formation. These attributes anomalies can be used to clearly find the different class interface of stratigraphic sequence, to achieve the sequence division at all levels, and under the control of sequence stratigraphic framework at all levels, we can do the isochronous stratigraphic correlation at all levels. The “three instantaneous” attribute extraction of logging data provides a new approach and idea for high resolution sequence stratigraphy analysis, and it has important significance for promoting the development of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy.     

GML地图控件的设计与实现

GML是OGC制定的国际地理编码标准,用于描述复杂的地理内容,同XML一样,GML遵循内容和表达分离的原则,因此,对于GML的图形化和编辑一直是研究的热点问题。文中设计一系列可复用的GML地图控件,可直接加载GML文档显示为地图,对地图缩放、平移、更新等具有一定的应用价值。