基于组件的武汉市交通GIS的研究与实现

从系统建设的目标和功能需求入手,阐述了系统的体系结构和软件结构,介绍了系统功能,并对系统中涉及的关键技术进行了总结,为系统的后续功能拓展和维护积累了经验。     

“数字城管”城市部件普查方法探讨与研究

城市部件普查是数字城管建设的重要组成部分。本文对城市部件普查内容、方法及基本流程进行探讨,通过具体方法与作业流程的研究,为其他部件普查工作提供思路与解决方案。     

连续降雨下不同砾石含量工程堆积体土壤侵蚀

为探究砾石对工程堆积体土壤侵蚀的影响与其作用机制,通过室内模拟降雨研究了连续降雨下不同砾石含量的重壤质堆积体水蚀过程。结果表明:①堆积体砾石含量增加,坡面产流历时延长,产流率线性减小,土壤剥蚀率降低;②连续降雨下,堆积体所含砾石主要通过对坡面产流历时、坡面产流率、砾石覆盖率的多重影响发挥减沙作用,主成分回归方程可表达多个变量与平均土壤剥蚀率的关系;③一定砾石含量下,堆积体坡面砾石覆盖率随表土的剥离而增大,导致土壤剥蚀率呈指数函数递减趋势,并与累积土壤侵蚀总量存在较好的函数关系。工程堆积体所含砾石对土壤侵蚀程度的削减可为生产建设项目下垫面水土保持治理提供重要参考。     

空心包体应变计地应力分量计算方法及应用

为进一步改进和完善空心包体应变计地应力计算方法,基于地应力现场实测过程中空心包体应变计的安装方式,采用线性参数的最小二乘拟合方法对地应力分量计算公式进行了推导,得出了6个地应力分量的改进算法及其标准误差的计算公式。采用实现完全温度补偿并考虑岩体非线性的地应力测量技术,对弓长岭井下矿-160、-220、-280 m 3个水平3个测点进行了地应力现场实测,得到了3组孔壁应变数据。分别使用常规算法和改进算法对3个测点的地应力分量进行计算并分析其标准误差。结果表明：采用改进算法计算得到的地应力分量其标准误差普遍小于常规算法计算地应力分量产生的标准误差,说明改进算法比常规算法具有更高的可靠度。在此基础上,对弓长岭井下矿地应力赋存规律进行了研究。结果显示：矿区地应力场以水平构造应力为主导,最大水平主应力的走向总体上为南东东-北西西方向,最大水平主应力、最小水平主应力和垂直主应力均随深度呈增长关系。     

The effect of wind on the residual current velocities in the inlets of Venice lagoon

The residual flow in the inlets of Venice lagoon subject to Bora and Sirocco winds has been studied. Current velocities have been monitored since 2001 using Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP) installed on the beds of the inlets that connect the lagoon to the Adriatic Sea; these inlets are Lido, Malamocco and Chioggia. Wind velocity data have also been continuously measured at an oceanographic platform 14.8 km offshore from the lagoon; these data were subsequently decomposed into Principal Components, which are associated with Bora and Sirocco wind directions. Analyses show that the inflow in Lido inlet is strongly related to the Bora wind. The outflow in Chioggia inlet occurs during Bora events but shows a slightly weaker correlation with the wind speed, while Malamocco inlet shows little or no influence of Bora winds on flow patterns. A net residual inflow through Lido and Malamocco inlet was found, while outflow prevails in Chioggia inlet. During Bora events, the average residual inflow increased three-fold in Lido inlet, whereas the outflow in Chioggia inlet doubled. The current velocities in Lido and Chioggia inlets are best described by an exponential function of wind velocity with exponents of −0.1187 and −0.0924, respectively. The response to Sirocco events was evident mainly in Chioggia inlet. Specifically, there was a slow down of the outflow in linear proportion to wind speed. In excess of 10 m/s a complete current reversal was observed. Lido and Malamocco inlets showed little or no response to Sirocco winds, except during rare cases when wind speeds exceeded 15 m/s.     

基于主成分分析土壤水分扩散率单一参数模型的BP神经网络模型

应用水平土柱法测定了杨凌地区典型粘壤土的水分扩散率,利用土壤水分扩散率的单对数模型和双对数模型对其进行了拟合,建立了土壤水分扩散率单一参数模型,基于主成分分析建立了单一参数模型中参数B的BP神经网络模型。结果表明：利用主成分分析可将研究区域土壤容重、有机质含量、粘粒含量、粗粉粒含量和砂粒含量综合成3个主成分;基于主成分分析建立的BP神经网络模型拟合的单一参数模型参数[B]的均方根误差RMSE为0.308 2;将拟合得到的参数B代入单一参数模型中对土壤水分扩散率进行预测,除去其中较大值的预测结果偏低外,其余土壤水分扩散率预测结果都比较接近实测值,预测结果的均方根误差RMSE为0.257 8,可利用基于主成分分析建立的BP神经网络模型预测单一参数模型中的参数B。     

黔西南岩溶区饲料灌木营养元素分析

对生长在黔西南州岩溶区的27种饲料灌木常规营养成分及元素作测定,对结果进行灰色关联度及相关性分析,结果表明:构树所含营养元素综合评价为最好,以下依次为青刺尖牛王刺光腺合欢马棘小构树火棘白刺花紫穗槐刺梨。碳、氮、钙元素与饲料常规营养成分相关性最大,其次为钾、磷、硒、铁、锌,其多数与饲料的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分呈正相关,与粗饲料的粗纤维呈负相关。     

50年来新疆粮食增产因素的主成分分析

用主成分分析的方法研究新疆建国以来粮食增产的主要因素的贡献率。总结出新疆粮食增产不同阶段的相应特点：1949～1967年为面积推动阶段;1968～1974年为面积稳定与水利联合推动阶段;1975～1995年为单产提高与化肥联合推动阶段;1996～2001年为农机与水利联合推动阶段。由此总结出各要素的相互协调配合是粮食产量进一步提高的关键。在上述分析的基础上提出新疆粮食生产发展趋势是提高单产;大力发展节水农业;发展后续加工业。加快市场化进程。     

The components and carbon isotope of the gases in inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Paleozoic gas pools in the Ordos Basin,China

The components and carbon isotope of gases in inclusions are one of the most important geochemical indexes for gas pools.The analysis results of the components and carbon isotope of gases from inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Palaeozoic gas pools in the Ordos Basin show that most inclusions grown in reservoir sandstone are primary inclusions.There is only a little difference about the components and carbon isotope between the well gases and the secondary inclusions gases.This indicated that the epigenetic change of gas pools is little.This difference between the well gases and the secondary inclusions gases is caused by two reasons:(i)The well gases come from several disconnected sand bodies buried in a segment of depth,while the inclusion gases come from a point of depth.(ii)The secondary inclusions trapped the gases generated in the former stage of source rock gas generation,and the well gases are the mixed gases generated in all the stages.It is irresponsible to reconstruct the palaeo-temperature and palaeo-pressure under which the gas pool formed using carbon dioxide inclusions.