Dwarf nova oscillations and quasi-periodic oscillations in cataclysmic variables – IV. Observations of frequency doubling and tripling in VW Hyi

We present new observations of the rapid oscillations in the dwarf nova VW Hyi, made late in outburst. These dwarf nova oscillations (DNOs) increase in period until they reach 33 s, when a transition to a strong 1st harmonic and weak fundamental takes place. After further period increase, the 2nd harmonic appears; often all three components are present simultaneously. This 1:2:3 frequency suite is similar to what has been seen in some neutron star and black hole X-ray binaries, but has not previously been seen in a cataclysmic variable. When studied in detail, the fundamental and 2nd harmonic vary similarly in phase, but the 1st harmonic behaves independently, though keeping close to twice the frequency of the fundamental. The fundamental period of the DNOs, as directly observed or inferred from the harmonics, increases to ∼100 s before the oscillation disappears as the star reaches quiescence. Its maximum period is close to that of the 'longer-period' DNOs observed in VW Hyi. The quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs), which have fundamental periods 400–1000 s, behave in the same way, showing 1st and 2nd harmonics at approximately the same times as the DNOs. We explore some possible models. One in which the existence of the 1st harmonic is due to the transition from viewing a single accretion region to viewing two regions, and the rate of accretion on to the primary is modulated at the frequency of the 1st harmonic, as in the 'beat frequency model', can generate the suite of DNO frequencies observed. But the behaviour of the QPOs is not yet understood.     

Multiperiodic semiregular variable stars in the ASAS data base: A pilot study

Based on a search for multi‐periodic variability among the semi‐regular red variable stars in the database of the All Sky Automated Survey (ASAS), a sample of 72 typical examples is presented. Their period analysis was performed using the Discrete Fourier Transform. In 41 stars we identified two significant periods each, simultaneously present, while the remaining 31 cases revealed even three such periods per star. They occur in a range roughly between 50 and 3000 days. Inter‐relationships between these periods were analyzed using the “double period diagram” which compares adjacent periods, and the so‐called “Petersen diagram”, the period ratio vs. the shorter period. In both diagrams we could identify six sequences of accumulation of the period values. For five of these sequences (containing 97 % of all data points) we found an almost perfect coincidence with those of previous studies which were based on very different samples of semiregular red variables. Therefore, existence and locations of these sequences in the diagrams seem to be universal features, which appear in any data set of semi‐regularly variable red giants of the AGB; we conclude that they are caused by different pulsation modes as the typical and consistent properties of similar stellar AGB configurations. Stellar pulsations can be considered as the principal cause of the observed periodic variability of these stars, and not binary, rotation of a spotted surface or other possible reasons suggested in the literature. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

山西吕梁地区狐偃山碱性杂岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

为获取狐偃山碱性岩浆活动的时限,对狐偃山碱性杂岩体早晚2 期侵入体进行LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 测年。结果显示,早期侵入体二长岩的206Pb/238U 年龄加权平均值为127±1Ma（MSWD=3.7）,属于早白垩世早期;晚期侵入体正长岩的206Pb/238U 年龄加权平均值为114±4Ma（MSWD=3.5）,属于早白垩世晚期。二长岩岩浆活动对应于华北克拉通中部碱性岩浆活动的高峰期（约130Ma）,正长岩则代表华北克拉通中部最后一期碱性岩浆活动的时间（约114Ma）;华北中部碱性岩浆活动与东部发生的强烈岩浆活动的时间一致,对应于华北克拉通岩石圈减薄的峰期。捕获岩浆成因锆石2.5~2.4Ga 的年龄,对应华北克拉通化的时期;2.2~2.1Ga 的继承锆石年龄,代表华北在2.5Ga 左右克拉通化之后于2.3~2.0Ga 经历的一次陆内拉伸-裂谷-岩浆事件;约1.8Ga 继承锆石的年龄,是华北克拉通发生在陆内裂谷背景下的大规模岩浆作用的表现;232~220Ma 的继承锆石年龄,代表晚三叠世华北克拉通发生的一期岩浆-构造热事件的时间。     

Change in the magnetic properties of bituminous coal intruded by an igneous dike, Dutch Creek Mine, Pitkin County, Colorado

Magnetization measurements have been made on natural coke–coal samples collected at various distances from a felsic porphyry dike in a coal seam in Dutch Creek Mine, Colorado to help characterize the nature and distribution of the iron-bearing phases. The magnetization passes through a maximum at the coke-to-coal transition about 31 cm from the dike contact. The magnetic measurements support the geochemical data indicating that magmatic fluids along with a high-temperature gas pulse moved into the coal bed. Interaction of the magmatic fluids with the coal diminished the reducing power of the thermal gas pulse from the dike to a point about 24 cm into the coal. The hot reducing gas penetrated further and produced a high temperature (400–525°C) zone (at about 31 cm) just ahead of the magmatic fluids. Metallic iron found in this zone is the principal cause of the observed high magnetization. Beyond this zone, the temperature was too low to alter the coal significantly.     

Photometry of the magnetic white dwarf SDSS 121209.31+013627.7

The results of 27 h of time series photometry of SDSS 121209.31+013627.7 are presented. The binary period established from spectroscopy is confirmed and refined to 0.061 412 d (88.43 min). The photometric variations are dominated by a brightening of about 16 mmag, lasting a little less than half a binary cycle. The amplitude is approximately the same in V ,  R and white light. A secondary small brightness increase during each cycle may also be present. We speculate that SDSS 121209.31+013627.7 may be a polar in a low state.     

广州市地铁可达性时空演化及其对公交可达性的影响

应用GIS方法,选取2000、2003、2009和2012年4个时间节点,运用复杂网络理论构建了广州市公共交通网络模型,通过对比分析地铁站点与线路加入到公共交通网络中所产生的变化,定量分析地铁网络建设对公共交通可达性的影响,分析地铁发展不同时期内,城市公共交通可达性空间格局的演化,全面探讨地铁建设对城市公共交通可达性的影响,以期为一体化的多模式城市公共交通体系发展决策提供理论支持。结果显示:①广州市地铁网络顺利完成由树状向回路网络的转变,地铁可达性重心与广州市空间扩展方向呼应,呈现出向南、向东迁移特征;②地铁在很大程度上提高了广州城市公交网络可达性,且其改善作用随地铁线路网的增加和回路网络的发育而日益显著;③地铁网络对城市公交可达性格局的影响,打破了常规公交网络圈层式公交可达性格局,逐渐呈现出圈层式加沿地铁线路分布的廊道式格局;④地铁对公交各站点网络可达时间的影响,常规公交站点可达时间变化程度呈现出由地铁线路向外递减的空间分布趋势,当地铁网络发育形成回路网络时,大大地提升公交网络的运营效率,缩短各个站点之间的出行时间。     

陕北北部一次罕见区域性暴雨天气过程分析

利用MICAPS常规气象资料、ERA-Interim 0.25°×0.25°再分析数据、地面区域气象站逐小时观测数据、FY-2G卫星云图和榆林CR/CB雷达产品,对2017年7月25日20时—26日08时陕西北部持续强降水过程进行综合分析。结果表明：（1）这次降水过程呈东西向带状分布,雨强大、范围小、移动慢、持续时间长,降水主要集中在夜间,大暴雨区具有典型的β中尺度特征;（2）西风槽的快速东移南压以及副高的稳定维持有利于槽前正涡度平流的加强及低层低值系统的发展,850 hPa新生的河套低涡和东南低空急流成为这次强降水过程的直接影响系统;（3）河套低涡是一个浅薄的热低压系统,它的发生发展可分为三个阶段,初始阶段低涡形成于弱的锋区中并具有不对称的暖心结构,成熟阶段和旺盛阶段低涡转变为对称的暖心结构,强降水产生在低涡发展成熟阶段,在低涡旺盛阶段降水达到最强;（4）河套低涡直接影响并控制着地面β中尺度低压的发生发展,β中尺度低压稳定在榆林西部,中尺度低压的西部和东部分别形成冷性辐合和暖性辐合,不断触发γ对流单体生成,不同中尺度对流云团的合并导致了降水的强烈发展。

     

“冰上丝绸之路”沿线国家贸易网络结构特征分析

“冰上丝绸之路”倡议为沿线国家贸易发展提供了机遇,可加速经济要素跨国流动,促进全球贸易的可持续发展。基于2019年37个“冰上丝绸之路”沿线国家贸易数据,运用复杂网络分析方法,研究37个“冰上丝绸之路”沿线国家贸易网络的拓扑结构特征、贸易社团及节点中心性的地理空间分布特征。结果表明：1）贸易网络具有良好的互通性和扩散性,且具有小世界特征和无标度性质,两极分化较为显著;2）贸易网络呈现出明显的“核心—边缘”圈层结构特征,德国、中国、美国、荷兰处于核心圈层,是贸易网络的枢纽;3）贸易网络可划分为1个北美社团、1个以东亚国家为主的社团和3个以欧洲国家为主的社团,其空间分布表现出连续性特征,各社团内部贸易联系密切,中国是所属社团的核心;4）贸易网络呈现出枢纽辐射式和全连通式共存的结构,强度中心性呈嵌入式的单元格局,接近中心性呈集中连片区块状分布特征,中介中心性的极化现象较为明显。